Organization Getting started (review) Choosing topics— ethical, legal, appropriate for classroom, interesting Purpose —inform, persuade, engage audience to accomplish goal             EX. To inform the audience about the ingredients and process for making sweet    grain bars. Thesis statement —concise statement summarizing main ideas EX. There are six ingredients necessary and 4 steps to follow to make sweet grain bars. Once you have your focus, think and create/ make content decisions. . . Start with Body of speech (main ideas)             Each main point should be clearly indicated and you should support/explain it.             (a good speech is like a pencil—it needs to have a point)             If you list your main points and it is more than 2-3, probably have some      subordinate ideas listed also. See choosing main points from list of all points exercise (preparing for backpacking trip) Traditional organizational formats :             Review from book                         Chronological—time (past, present, future)                         Spatial—geographical layout, directional pattern (golf club has grip, shaft,              head; earth’s atmosphere has troposphere, stratosphere, ionosphere/all                               outer layers)                         Causal—cause and effect                         Problem-solution                         Topical—enumeration of most important aspects, no interrelationship                                  (duties of President of US) How could these topics be organized?                         How the solar system is designed—spatial                         Required courses for degree in communication—topical, chron                         How hurricanes are formed—causal, chron                         How human nervous system works—spatial, topical, causal See critical thinking exercises photocopy to practice identifying patterns EX. Create two different speeches for the topic of “music” using 2 different patterns Introduction —4 parts             Narrative/ “Attention-getter”                         Startling statement (similarities except ex con = prison life)                         Rhetorical question (how would you feel if. . .)                         Quotation (Neil Armstrong and space program)                         Humor—be very careful             Reason to listen (more than ‘significance”)                         Relevant to audience Ex. what is the relevance to this audience of cultural impact of gambling, soap operas,  illiteracy)                                     NEXT, write reason to listen for your own topic.             Establish credibility—what are your qualifications? Why should we listen to you?             Preview main points—list them Conclusion — 3 parts             Review main points—repeat them             Reason to remember—what should the audience “take away”             Peroration--tie back to attention-getter—psychological closure Struc.

1. Organization
Getting started (review)
Choosing topics—
ethical, legal, appropriate for classroom, interesting
Purpose
—inform, persuade, engage audience to accomplish goal
EX. To inform the audience about the ingredients and
process for making sweet grain bars.
Thesis statement
—concise statement summarizing main ideas
EX. There are six ingredients necessary and 4 steps to follow to
make sweet grain bars.
Once you have your focus, think and create/ make content
decisions. . .
Start with
Body
of speech (main ideas)
Each main point should be clearly indicated and you
should support/explain it.
(a good speech is like a pencil—it needs to have a
point)
If you list your main points and it is more than 2-3,
probably have some subordinate ideas listed also.
See choosing main points from list of all points exercise
(preparing for backpacking trip)

2. Traditional organizational formats
:
Review from book
Chronological—time (past, present, future)
Spatial—geographical layout, directional
pattern (golf club has grip, shaft, head; earth’s
atmosphere has troposphere, stratosphere, ionosphere/all
outer layers)
Causal—cause and effect
Problem-solution
Topical—enumeration of most important
aspects, no interrelationship (duties of
President of US)
How could these topics be organized?
How the solar system is designed—spatial
Required courses for degree in
communication—topical, chron
How hurricanes are formed—causal, chron
How human nervous system works—spatial,
topical, causal
See critical thinking exercises photocopy to practice identifying
patterns
EX. Create two different speeches for the topic of “music”
using 2 different patterns
Introduction
—4 parts
Narrative/ “Attention-getter”
Startling statement (similarities except ex con =
prison life)
Rhetorical question (how would you feel if. . .)
Quotation (Neil Armstrong and space program)

3. Humor—be very careful
Reason to listen (more than ‘significance”)
Relevant to audience
Ex. what is the relevance to this audience of cultural impact of
gambling, soap operas, illiteracy)
NEXT, write reason to listen for your
own topic.
Establish credibility—what are your qualifications?
Why should we listen to you?
Preview main points—list them
Conclusion
—
3 parts
Review main points—repeat them
Reason to remember—what should the audience “take
away”
Peroration--tie back to attention-getter—psychological
closure
Structure
Pattern worksheets exercise shows value of revealing
organization
During presentation—make organization clear through
structure! Easier to comprehend presentation, we can “track”
with information.
How? Transitions—summarize previous, introduce next
Indicate relationship between ideas such as series, contrast,
consequence, part-whole
Preview/review, signposts—one or two words like
“next”, “first”
Tool for making and recording these decisions—outlining!!

4. Outlining
Tool to structure speech on paper, make content decisions, and
start practicing presentation=preparation outline.
Not for my benefit but yours—start with outline! Document
your decisions
2 types
—speaking outline (notes) and preparation outline.
·
Speaking outline= notecard
o
One, white, 3x5, one-side, card
·
Preparation outline
o
Full content/ full sentence
4 principles
of outlining (
see worksheet
): define then apply
1.
Subordination—prioritizing importance and detail level of
content, explanations are subordinate to main IDEAS, want
balance
2.
Symbols—system to follow, each symbol indicates one
idea/point, use letters, not bullets to help organize sequence of

5. ideas
3.
Indentation—visual tool
4.
Parallelism—clarity, wording the same to check
location/organization
Principles in action
Sample outline n library sections to fit statements into pre-set
outline structure
As you are thinking and creating content decisions, also
consider presentation aids…