2. classification
Early Attempts at Classification
Organisms need to be grouped into meaningful
categories
Over time categorization has become much more
specific and simplified
Naming organisms
John Ray - first to use the term “species”
SPECIES - Organisms that are similar in
shape/structure and they reproduce with each other to
create viable offspring
3. evolutionevolution
EvolutionEvolution, or change over, or change over
time, is the process by whichtime, is the process by which
modern organisms havemodern organisms have
descended from ancientdescended from ancient
organisms.organisms.
Charles Darwin firstCharles Darwin first
described this idea ofdescribed this idea of
evolution in 1859 in hisevolution in 1859 in his
book origin of species .book origin of species .
16. Well defined body.
Specialised tissues present .
Presence of naked embryos called as spores.
These have 2 types of plants –
Angiosperms
Gymnosperms
18. AngiospermsThese are called
flowering plants.
These have two
types of plants -
Monocotyledons
Dicotyledons
With flowers for
reproduction
Seeds are produced
inside the fruit
(matured ovary)
19.
20. The Animal KingdomThe Animal Kingdom
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS:
Most complex of all kingdoms
Multicellular (made of many cells)
They obtain food from OUTSIDE SOURCES
They move from place to place to get food
They swallow their food and they digest food
inside the body.
21. 9 Phyla of the Animal kingdom9 Phyla of the Animal kingdom
Porifera 6) Mollusca
Coelenterata 7) Echinoderm
Flatworms 8) Arthropoda
Roundworms 9) Chordata
Segmented worms
26. Arthropoda:
Makes up 75% of the animal kingdom
Basic Characteristics:
hard external skeleton
segmented body
jointed legs
Ex: beetle, milli & centipede, spider, crab
28. Molluska:
Hard shell surrounding soft body parts
Live in water & damp places
Examples:
Snail, & Sea Scallop
Only a few do not have shells:
Octopus & Sea slug
31. Protochordata
Long rod-like structure which separte the nerve
system from gut
Muscles helps into movement attach
Bilaterally symmetrical
Triploblastic
Body cavity - eg : harmonia, aphiorus
32.
33. Vertabrata
Presence of vertebral column
Presence of moto chord
Dorsel nerve chord
Triploblastic
Body cavity present
These are grouped into 5 classes