Roman Empire

Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the post–Republican period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors, and large
territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa, and Asia. The 500 year old republic which preceded it was severely destabilized
in a series of civil wars and political conflict, during which Julius Caesar was appointed as perpetual dictator and then assassinated in 44 BC. Civil wars
and executions continued, culminating in the victory of Octavian, Caesar's adopted son, over Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31
BC and the annexation of Egypt. Octavian's power was now unassailable and in 27 BC the Roman Senate formally granted him overarching power and
the new ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It was the largest empire of the Classical antiquity period, and one of the largest empires in world history. At its height under Trajan, it covered 6.8
million square kilometers and held sway over some 70 million people, at that time, 21% of the world's entire population. The longevity and vast extent
of the Empire ensured the lasting influence of Latin and Greek language, culture, religion, inventions, architecture, philosophy, law and forms of
government on the Empire's descendants. Throughout the European medieval period, attempts were even made to establish successors to the Roman
Empire, including the Crusader state, the Empire of Romania and the Holy Roman Empire. By means of European expansionism through the Spanish,
French, Portuguese, Dutch, Italian, German, British, Belgian empires, Roman and Greek culture was spread on a worldwide scale, playing a
significant role in the development of the modern world.
History
Rome had begun expanding shortly after the founding of the Republic in the 6th century BC, though it didn't expand outside Italy until the 3rd century
BC. In a sense then, it was an "empire" long before it had an Emperor. The Roman Republic was not a nation–state in the modern sense, but a network
of towns left to rule themselves and provinces administered by military commanders. It was ruled, not by Emperors, but by annually elected magistrates
in conjunction with the Senate. For various reasons, the
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The Decline Of The Roman Empire
The Roman Empire is considered one of the most successful civilizations in the history of the world for many reasons, and because of the large
number, the fall of the empire becomes much more interesting. The dominance of Rome at its time wasn 't by accident. Various reasons for its
success, such as the army, the daily life and the Pax Romana, left a blueprint for how to rule the world. These reasons leave many learners
questioning how it could possibly cease to rule for longer than it did. Conspiracy ideas, including lead poisoning from water pipes causing leaders to
act crazy, highlight many reasons, but more realistic ideas, such as the overspending on the military, exist also. TheRoman Empire dominated its era
with force and total rule, which lead to its success. The Romans asserted themselves upon other regions with their army. After the overtaking, they
would exhibit the Roman culture upon the new citizens. This expansion order created a dynasty. When the culture was spread throughout virtually
most of the ancient world, the dominance was certain. The leaders of the empire knew that the exertion of their culture would help expand the
dominance, so that 's exactly what they did. This was one key factor of the dominance of the Roman Empire. The life in the thriving Roman Empire
was a huge reason for Rome 's success. Starting with a hearty breakfast, the day progressed with a daily routine for most Romans. The boys would
attend a school where they would learn math,

The Roman Emperor By Marcus Ulpius Trajanus
Trajan the Roman Emperor was born as Marcus Ulpius Trajanus. He was of Spanish descent born on September 18, 52 AD to an Umbrian family. He
was basically brought up in an environment which always involved government and military affairs, which was the result of his father being a very
prominent man. His father was the first to reach the office of senator, and also commanded the Tenth Legion of Fretensis during the Jewish War of
67–68 AD. He became consul around the year 70 AD, and in the year 75 AD, became governor of Syria, and the provinces of Baetica and Asia. While
his father acted as governor of Syria, Trajan served as military tribune. A bronze sculpture at Harvard University showcases his physique in
ceremonial armor standing as if addressing his troops. Most artifacts found showcase his military achievements, and this was no exception. He was
dignified and humble toward the Roman people, and they gave their thanks through artifacts which still exist today. He was an emperor who
enjoyed the brutal aspect of war, which was because he was good at it. This can be seen through all of his military achievements as a general. He
was naturally very popular with the troops, especially because he was so willing to share the hardships alongside his soldiers rather than receiving
any type of special treatment. His path toward emperor was a long and hard one. He had a long and fulfilling career in government before–hand. First,
he gained the office of praetorship in 85 AD.

The Rule Of Nerva And Rise Of Trajan
97–98 CE: The Rule of Nerva and Rise of Trajan
The years 97 and 98 CE marked an important turning point in Roman history, as it marked the beginning of the "Period of the Five Good Emperors"
which lasted for 83 years. During the years of 97 and 98 CE, many important events occurred. Marcus Cocceius Nerva, simply called Nerva, was made
emperor in 96 CE, and ruled until his death in the January of 98 CE. Under his rule, many new laws and systems came into existence. Nerva's first
order of business was the correction of all of the previous emperor's mistakes. Before Nerva was emperor Domitian, a very harsh and authoritarian ruler
who was under the impression that the Senate was trying to undermine his power. Because of this, emperor Domitian had hundreds of "traitors" in the
Senate imprisoned. During his reign as emperor in 97 and 98 CE, Nerva released anyone who was on trial for treason and invited back politicians ...
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Trajan's ascension to the throne, in a way, marked the end of Italian dominance over the Roman government, and opened it up to all the citizen of the
empire. Under Trajan, the empire's borders expanded east all the way to the Persian Gulf and north into modern–day Romania, the largest the empire
would ever get. Emperor Trajan also opened up the Senate to all non–Italians, finally letting the Senate be represented by all the people of the empire.
Trajan gave free grain to Roman peasants, corn to poor children, and wine to all citizens of the empire. Trajan also interfered in provincial affairs,
cracking down on corrupt governors. Trajan worked on many constructions to improve the empire. He improved harbors across the empire, had the
Appian Way repaired, and had public baths and forums built in Rome. To commemorate his victories over the Dacians, Trajan had a famous 100 foot
tall column built in

Claes Oldenburg's Lipstick On Caterpillar Tracks
Lipstick on Caterpillar Tracks was created by Claes Oldenburg in 1969, and publicly displayed Yale's Beinecke Plaza. When the Lipstick on
Caterpillar Tracks was first built, Oldenburg used a base made out of plywood and and the red vinyl tip of the lipstick could be inflated and deflated.
It wasn't until later that Oldenburg decided to take down his original work 10 months later and put up a steel copy instead. During the early 70's, there
was a prime focus on the Vietnam war. The entire purpose of Oldenburg's Lipstick on Caterpillar Tracks acknowledge the anti
–war movement and The
sculpture served as a stage and backdrop for several subsequent student protests. The Column of Trajan was a column dedicated to Emperor Trajan or
Marcus Ulpius

The Characteristics And Comparison Of The Trajan's Column
Introduction: This essay will focus on one of Rome's most well preserved monuments. A monument which stood the test of time, ever since
reflecting an important part of Rome's military history in a well preserved state, the Trajan's Column. In this essay I will discuss who Trajan, the
man who gave the Trajan's Column its name, was and why he decided to build such a complex monument for himself. What he was trying to tell the
people and visitors of Rome with this monument and look into the initial construction history. It will also be debated if the Trajan's Column was a
work of propaganda, or if there is after all more to it. A war to pay the bills: In order to fully understand the function of the Trajan's Column from both
socio and political... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The iconographic representations of the Dacian Wars which are etched into the Column are of great importance for the study of Trajans Davian
war as no writing or any other historical documentation exist.It can be described as a "history in pictures".The etchings in spiralling friezes in the
Column reveals not only a lot about the actual battle but also but the lifestyle of the ancient Roman fighters. Trajan designed a beautiful monument
for which he spared no costs, he only used the finest supplies for the construction. The Dacians were well known for they great supplies of precious
stones and mining. No costs were spared to create the monument and inscribe it in his honour, sparing no costs could be form of propaganda as it
could be linked to the wealth gain Roman experienced after the winning of the Dacian battle. The iconographic scenes which are depicted around the
column serve as a form of military propaganda as the depict the victory of Roman in the Dacian war. Also the forum on which the stature is build
could be seen as a depiction of propaganda as it could be seen as the extension of the boarders that was achieved through the winning of the

History, Ethnography, And Eulogy Of Agricola
Written by the Roman historian Tacitus, the Agricola chronicles the life of his father–in–law Gnaeus Julian Agricola while also covering the
ethnography and history of ancient Britain and Rome. After the assassination of Domitian in 96 AD, Tacitus used his freedom to publish his work.
Tacitus describes the character of his father–in–law, by showing how he grew up in a household that encouraged the study of philosophy and attended
to matters of state with honesty and competence. Tacitus explores different themes in the book including the history, ethnography, and eulogy of
Agricola. Near the beginning of the book, the historian Tacitus admits his disdain towardsDomitian's rule and the profound effect Domitian had on the
Roman Empire. Tacitus claims that for fifteen years, men fell victim to the cruelty of the emperor. He contrasts Nerva and Trajan, the next two
emperors, with their predecessor by stating that Nerva harmonized the old discord between autocracy and freedom, and Trajan enriched the happiness
of our times. Tacitus does not try to hide his contempt towards Domitian, but he does not dwell on it for very long in the story. During the reign of
Domitian, Agricola has been the most important general involved in the conquest of a great part of Britain.
During his time as a general, his commendable characteristics began to unveil. Over the course of seven years, the Romans began subjecting the native
people of Britain to foreign rule. Tacitus goes into

La Columna de Trajano
La columna Trajana, tambiГ©n conocida por La Columna de Trajano, fue construida empezando el siglo II d.C. (110–113 y es una columna triunfal,
que al igual que los arcos de victoria, sirven para conmemorar y de dar a conocer mediante la promociГіn las victorias de los emperadores romanos. Al
igual que tiene una funciГіn polГtica, en el aspecto de que le rinde un tipo de respeto a los emperadores romanos victoriosos en varias batallas pasadas.
El orden al que pertenece es dГіrico. La columna estГЎ hecha en mГЎrmol en el exterior y en el interior hay una escalera de caracol que llega hasta la
parte superior. Trajano fue un emperador feroz, importante y fuerte para su tiempo. Trajano era de origen hispano, y gracias a Г©l Roma logrГі la
mayor expansiГіn territorial de su imperio. Gracias a esta columna queda constancia de la grandeza de Trajano y de las victorias conseguidas gracias a
Г©l. Esta columna representa la victoria de Dacia. La donde actualmente estГЎ localizada HungrГa y RumanГa. La columna contiene alrededor 155
escenas con 2500 figuras, y cuando la torre fue establecida entre la biblioteca griega y latina parecГa ser mГЎs un libro grabado en mГЎrmol que una
columna, ya que relata las magnificas obras de los ingenieros, sus fortificaciones masivas y las construcciones hechas por los soldados romanos a las
orillas del Danubio. TambiГ©n cuenta los asaltos a las ciudades, el incendio de iglesias y aldeas, el ajusticiamiento de prisioneros, y la deportaciГіn y
erradicaciГіn de las

How Did Ancient Roman Concrete
This paper offers a discussion about how ancient Rome developed and utilized arches and concrete to further expand their civilization. The importance
of these technologies will be covered, along with the benefits to Rome.
Concrete was a Roman invention which was composed of materials that were plentiful. One of the base materials used in Roman concrete was
pozzolana, a volcanic soil. Concrete is a powdered substance that when combined with water will harden into a solid form. It can be poured, formed,
and sculpted, to achieve almost any architectural shape and size. It is a very strong material, which allowed for construction of large buildings and
roads. Prior to the invention of concrete, buildings would be built using stones that were heavy, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Beyond the practical uses of Arches, the Romans would build triumphal arches to celebrate victories and conquests. The most practical use of the arch
was with the aqueducts which helped deliver fresh water to the Roman cities. Arches were extremely useful in most of the Roman construction,
including homes, temples, colosseums, bath houses, and theaters. The technology of the arch allowed for wide open spaces, which were essential for
these public areas. (Kamm, n.d.)
Aqueducts.Fresh water was essential for public health. The aqueducts connected the cities to fresh water reservoirs or rivers located long distances
away from the towns. Without these systems, water would have to be carried, which is a very labor and time consuming effort. "In AD 97 Nerva
appointed as inspector of aqueducts Sextus Julius Frontinus, a former governor of Britain. In an exhaustive report, Frontius estimated that over 1000
million litres of water a day came into Rome through the eight aqueducts which were then operational." (Kamm, n.d.)
Without the arch technology, these aqueducts would not be possible. Concrete made this construction effort even more expedient and cost

Essay on Ap World Similarities and Differences China and Rome
Han China and Rome The Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire both had a great influence not only on its people but the world as a whole. The two
had similar and different methods of political control. Both ruled their people under a bureaucracy, they had civil servants to maintain their large
empires, and their foundations were made of great and strong rulers. Aside from the similarities they also had several differences. Take China for
example, they focused more on Confucianism and they had a Mandate of Heaven. Rome on the other hand used entertainment to distract and control
the masses of its population.
To begin with, both Imperial Rome and Han China were ruled under a bureaucracy. In Rome the emperor was the ultimate authority. The... Show more
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Civilians could obtain government jobs by taking examinations. Loyal followers were also rewarded government posts by their emperor. Now what
would The Han Dynasty and The Roman Empire do without their great and strong emperors? The emperors are pretty much the building foundations
of the empire. Rome had the one and only Octavian who later took the title of Augustus. Augustus was Julius Caesar's grandnephew and adopted
son. He became the Roman Empire's first emperor after defeating the combined forces of Mark Anthony and Queen Cleopatra. He brought the
empire to a long and peaceful period which is known as Pax Romana. He also glorified Rome and created a form of government which is known as a
bureaucracy that survived for centuries. There were other great emperors of Rome like: Nerva, Hadrian, Trajan, Antoninus Pius, and Marcus Aurelias.
Nerva began the custom of adopting heir. Hadrian consolidated earlier conquests and reorganized the bureaucracy. Trajan help the empire reach its
greatest extent; he undertook vast bulding programs and enlarged social welfare. Antoninus Pius reign largely a period of peace and prosperity
similar to Pax Romana. Marcus Aurelias brought the Roman Empire to its height of economic prosperity, defeated invaders, and wrote a philospy.
The Han Dynasty had the great emperor Wudi who reigned for 141 to 87 B.C; he was the emperor who ruled the longest. He was a courageous
emperor; he expanded the Chinese empire through war. When

The Vespasian Dynasty
The Flavian emperors took power during the Flavian dynasty, which was a roman imperial dynasty that rose to power around 69 AD. During a civil
war a ruler named Vitellius became emperor but many eastern tribes and legions didn't like the idea and wanted their leader Vespasian to rule. After a
battle the war was tilted to the Flavians side and when they entered rome the senate declared Vespasian emperor. This started the Flavian dynasty,
which was the time period where three Flavians ruled: Vespasian, Titus, and Domition. Vespasian's rule started in 69 but not much is known about it.
Once he arrived in Rome he left immediately on a campaign to promote his dynasty and that's when he visited Egypt and many other countries. He
spent a lot of

Hadrian's Influence On The Roman Empire
When he was young, Hadrian was classically taught in his hometown of Italica Hispania (modern day Seville, Spain) and went to Rome at around 14
years old. His first military service was as Tribune under Emperor Nerva. When Nerva died, Trajan rose and took the throne. Emperor Trajan was the
first Roman emperor who was born in a province, not Rome it self. Later biographers would attempt to place the birth of Trajan and Hadrian in the city
of Rome but because both had Hispanic ethnicity this has been assumed by some to be the reason that Trajan adopted Hadrian as his successor
(though scholars dispute this). Trajan died on campaign in Cilicia in 117 CE, while Hadrian was command of his rear guard, and he was not believed
to have been named successor ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He set up urban communities all through the Balkan Peninsula, Egypt, Asia Minor, and Greece. His affection for Greece and Greek writing was to
such an extent that he was known as `Graeculus' (Greekling) in his childhood and his philhellenism did not disperse with age. He went to Greece two
times (most likely more) and took an interest in the Eleusinian Mysteries, of which he was a member of. The Arch of Hadrian, built by the residents of
Athens in 131/132 CE, respect Hadrian as the originator of the city. Engravings on the curve name Theseus (the mythological founder) yet add Hadrian
inferable from the last's considerable commitments to Athens, (for example, the Temple of Zeus). He committed various locales in Greece to his young
sweetheart Antinous, who died in the Nile River in 130 CE. Hadrian was profoundly connected to Antinous and the young fellow's demise so incredibly
influenced Hadrian that he had him revered as a god. In Egypt he established the city of Antinopolis in his memory. In Rome he revamped the Pantheon
(which had been burnt down) and Trajan's Forum and in addition financing development of different structures, showers, and estates. A significant
number of these structures survived in place for quite a long time, some as late as the nineteenth century CE, and the Pantheon, still consummately
protected, can be still be seen today. Hadrian had an incredible enthusiasm for engineering and

Tacitus And Roman Imperialism
Tacitus believes that Roman Imperialism has a variety of attributes that include prosperity, cruelty, and jealousy. Imperialism can be a two
–edged
sword, bringing peace and prosperity during one reign, and fear the next. Tacitus is a great source of the Roman imperialist results as he lived
through emperor's who were thought to be effective and others who were unsatisfactory to say the least. He favored the Trajanic regime that he was
serving under while criticized Domitian's reign undoubtedly. Overall, his opinion on imperial rule was mostly negative since it promoted the
corruption of the ruler and the ruled, increased secrecy, paranoia, cruelty and moral downgrades in the emperors, and an increase in greed, hypocrisy,
and cowardice in the subjects. While he talks positively of Agricola's victories over the Britanni, he has mixed opinions on other Roman conquests. He
describes his father–in–;aw's positive effect on integrating conquered peoples into society. Meanwhile, other talks of Roman greed and lust combined
with extreme contempt for barbarian culture fills the pages of Agricola. Tacitus includes an enumeration of possible barbarian complaints of Roman
rule with a declamation by a renowned Britanni leader, Calagus, that both describe the expansion of Roman influence as destructive rather than the
spread of peace. Tacitus no doubt had much contempt for Domitian as he believes that his rule was purely tyrannical. Tacitus describes him as
impeding on the exchange of

Compare And Contrast Rome And Roman Republic
Roman Republic or Roman Empire
Arthur Erickson said that, "Ancient Rome was as confident of the immutability of its world and the continual expansion and improvement of the human
lot as we are today". In Rome got two kinds of government, and there were Roman Empire and Roman Republic. Both of them had different structures
to development on many aspects in Rome such as laws, equality and rights of life's Roman where Rome wanted a democratic system. Although, it has
helped later to now, in that time was a conflict where it created a war.
Under the Roman Republic, there was a system of balance of power between political and religious offices, but it was not democracy for all citizens
and women excluded. The senators ruled for just one year,

How Did The Economy Affect The Roman Legal System
The top ranks people were eligible to control and manipulate the legal system by using the wealth and status whereas the lower ranked people's position
was dependent on the production from the Land. Consequently, the inequality in the society affected the Roman economy. After the old patrician, the
nobility, founded by combining the patrician's families and the plebeians, became the ruling class in the republicanism. They also entered in the Senate.
Additionally, after the senators were banned to do the overseas business and participate in the state contracts, the new equestrian class was originated.
They were granted the status of an order of society similar to senator's qualification that possesses 400,000 sesterces by the Gaius Gracchus. In
addition, they had control over the jury–courts and they had the right to collect provisional taxes (The Romans, n. d.). Moreover, the goods such as
wheat, wine, olive oils were imported from the other parts of the Roman world. Due to having many populations as slaves and other were on dole, the
spending on these goods for the consumption was... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Mainly the provinces collected the taxes and provide the fiscal treasury, provide daily consumer goods and also the pottery from Germany to the
Roman government. In addition to this, the invasion of the Dacia helped to accumulate the gold and silver in the Roman government. On the other
hand, the Roman government build the road and harbors, provide public assistance program for the children of the poor families, etc. However, the
huge division of money was spent by the Roman government in the public works, entertainment, and the armed forces. We can say that it was like give
and take situation, the taxes, gold, and silver was collected by the Roman government from the provinces and invest some amount for the development
of the provinces to build the buildings, run the public assistance program, and so

Creative Writing: There Was In Salt Lake City
There is was in salt lake city UT on the sidewalk and a I was going back home from my friends house and I went an got some food and a botel of water.
From 7 elevon and i walk out of a store and i walking down the sidewalk again and sodenly. *a blind guy said* were are you from yong boy?* you fell
too yong to be in the city alone.* *I toled him *Im from alaska.* i was scared when he awsked me.* I was nervas scared fritend i dont know what i
was i could of benn ether one. So i went down town even more to help this blind guy find his house. Then he asked. *Whats your name?*I jeff so
go one tell me your name* *Im jackson nice to meet you!* *Nice to meet you too jackson!* so once again i was walking back home and i was like 3
miels away from home. and again this time a guy who was not blind came up too me.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
*Im from out here i r u out here i wose to live out here and i came out here to see my friends and family for thanksgiving!* so i got even more neves
that i was going to get kid napped. but i didВґnt lukly and i went from alaska to utah t took 3 days. and I got to my house out here in utah and ps my
cozen lives in utah and took my

The Sea At A Steady Speed
THE ROYAL QUINQUEREME cut thru the sea at a steady speed, its ten tiers of oars–five on each side–rowing in perfect harmony, all synchronized
with the thudding cadence of the Hortator's heavy hammers. Its massive square–rigged sail was billowing majestically as the wind blew from the west,
aiding the banks of rowers on the benches, pushing the giant warship across the water and ever closer to Alexandria. The skies were sunny and the
seas were calm, perfect weather for a long sea voyage. A few days earlier, the galley, along with its escort of two naval triremes, had traversed the
narrow Straits of Messina, and now cruised east to the southern tip of Greece, fast approaching the island of Crete. From there it was only five days to
Egypt.... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Doesn't seem like we're moving a'tall." "Well, if you and your Praetorians would like to get below deck and help out on the oars... please, be my
guest." Prefect Aelianus sneered. "We're not a bunch a box–headed Marines, Captain–at the beckon call of some domineering old sea dog." "No?" "No!
We're an elite corps of soldiers, mind you. The best fucking troops in the entire Empire. The Emperor's finest." "Ah, I see what you mean." Captain
Corvinus grinned crookedly, watching a couple of the "Emperor's finest" leaning over the gunwales giving up the contents of their stomachs. Prefect
Aelianus grimaced, cursing through a sigh. "Don't get cute with me, Captain," he warned. "Once we get back on dry land my men and I will resume
our almighty ways. We'll catch the villain Rubio Artorius and bring him to justice." "Justice?" Captain Corvinus scoffed. "Is that what you Praetorians
call it? Murdering innocent citizens in the name of a tyrant? Slaying women in children in cold blood? Why you're just a gang of over–paid thugs–an
Imperial band of brigands. Ruthless executioners." "Watch your tongue, Captain!" Prefect Aelianus warned. "I am an officer of high imperial rank. I
can have YOU executed for that kind of talk. Don't push your luck, see?" "Nah, nah, Prefect. I shan't." Captain Corvinus shook his head, his hands
raised in mock surrender. "I respect your rank and Imperial position. And I'm sure the Emperor didn't mind

TrajanвЂ™s Forum: The Hub of Early Roman Society Essay
Trajan's Forum: The Hub of Early Roman Society The Roman Empire can arguably be considered one of the greatest ancient civilizations. From
Augustus to Constantine, the Romans brought both new and borrowed ideas into the world. With influence from the Greeks, the Romans established a
representative government with the Emperor and the Senate as the main law–making and law–enforcing bodies. The Roman Empire grew prosperous
and, with military expeditions, expanded as west as modern day Britain and as east the lands near the Caspian Sea. With the Empire expanding into
what is now known as Israel, Christianity spread to Rome and, under Constantine, was established as a legal religion under the Edict of Milan in 313.
As the Roman culture was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Under the emperor Domitian, Trajan served as a legatus legionis, or leader of the local Roman army in Spain. After supporting Domitian in a revolt
in 89, Trajan gained popularity by the Roman Senate and was soon adopted by the heirless emperor, Nerva. Merely two years after Nerva's
adoption of Trajan, Nerva died and Trajan attained the throne of the Roman Empire. Under Trajan's rule, the Roman Empire expanded to its largest,
covering from the Atlantic Ocean to the Caspian Sea. By 106, the region of Dacia (present day Romania) had been conquered. It is Trajan's
campaigns in Dacia that are portrayed on his famous Column in the forum. The Forum of Trajan was constructed by the Greek architect Apollodorus
of Damascus near the forums of Augustus and Julius Caesar. Like many of his predecessors, Trajan built his forum in order to mark Rome as the
imperial center of the empire. The many fora with their marvelous feats of architecture were intended to be impressive to both the Roman citizens and
any outsiders. Within Trajan's Forum (Appendix Figure 1) stood the Basilica Ulpia, the Greek and Latin Libraries, the Column of Trajan, the Temple of
Trajan and Trajan's Markets. The complex follows an axial plan that leads from the Forum of Augustus, through an arch and into the Forum's courtyard
area. From the courtyard, the complex continues with the Basilica Ulpia, then

The Roman Empire : The Age Of Augustus
The Age of Augustus (31 B.C.E–14 C.E.), " In 27 B.C.E., Octavian proclaimed the "restoration of the roman Republic" (pg.136). He have given some
power to the senate, and became the first roman emperor. He was given the title of Augustus, but he knew that the republic could not be fully restored.
He creates an auxiliary force called the "Praetorian Guard of 9,000 men who had the important task of guarding the empower. Eventually, the
praetorian guard would play a weighty role in making and deposing empowers" (pg.136). "While claiming to have restored the roman republic,
Augustus also stabilized the frontiers of the Roman empire. Conquered the central and maritime alps and expanding roman control over the Balkan
peninsula up to the danube river.
" Augustus died in 14 B.C.E, after dominating the Roman world for forty–five years" (pg.136).
"The early empire (14–180)" (pg.137). Augustus established the Julio–Claudian dynasty, the next four successors were related either to his own family
or his wife. "Augustus choice of his stepson Tiberius as his successor" (pg.137). More responsibilities that Augustus ha given to the senate tended to be
taken over by the emperors (pg.137). "As the julio–Claudian successors of Augustus acted more openly as real rulers rather than "first citizens of the
state" the opportunity for arbitrary and corrupt acts also increased" (pg.135). The five good emperors, Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus, and Marcus.
"who treated the

Why Is Hadrian Important
Hadrian
Emperor Hadrian was the 14th Emperor of Rome between 117–138 CE, Hadrian is also known as the 3rd of 5 good emperors. Born in Hispania like
Trajan Hadrian came into power as an Emperor after being adopted by Trajan's wife. Historians believe that one reason for the adoption was the
ethnicity that Hadrian and Trajan shared. At an early age Hadrian like Trajan joined the army and became a tribune under the command of emperor
Nerva. When Nerva died Trajan took the throne and when Trajan died Hadrian took the throne. Hadrian's popularity inRome was attested as Hadrian
spent the better part of his reign absent from Rome. Professor D. Brendan Nagle writes, " Hadrian spent most of his reign (twelve out of twenty–one
years) traveling all over ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The first and second pantheons were burnt down and the current one has lasted till current day. The whole building stands at a high of 7 m not
including the 1.3–meter high base. The base is made out of steps made out of Numidia yellow marble, which shows Rome's wealth that they could to
import such an expensive resource and put it one, the floor. The Pantheon is made up of 2 rooms, the porch and the rotunda that is the main body
of the structure. The porch follows a very classical geek style where as the rotunda is more reminiscent of the roman public bathhouses. The
rotunda is made of brick and the roman concrete that was then faced with white marble stucco to match the porch in appearance. The dome roof
covering the rotunda is also made of roman concrete and then covered with bronze sheets that were removed in 663 CE by Constans 2nd. The
Bronze roofing showed the importance of this building since all other buildings in Rome had roofs made of tiles. The measures 33 by 13.6 m and
presents the building with a colonnade of 8 Corinthian columns that tower 11.8 m high. The column shafts are made of grey granite and with the
pediments and capitals made of white marble. This really shows how Rome cannot only get such rich resources but can also the reach Rome has to
get all the different types of stone for this construction. The porch has a faced of Pentalic marble and is decorated with religious

Marcus Ulpius Trajan Research Paper
Marcus Ulpius Trajanus, better known as Trajan, was a Roman emperor from 98 AD until his death on August 9, 117 AD. He was born on
September 18, 53 AD in Italica Spain, where he lived with his mother, Marcia and his father, also named Marcus Ulpius Trajanus. Trajan was the
first emperor to be born outside of Italy, in Italica. He was a successful soldier and general; he was very passionate about war. Nerva the emperor
before him adopted him as his "son" because he had no children. Nerva died a natural death and after Trajan became emperor. During the time of
Trajan's ruling the Christians in Rome were persecuted. It is difficult to say if Trajan was positive or negative for the empire. He did good things and
also terrible things. He fixed

The Inclusiveness Of The Place Dimension
3.4. Discussion (the inclusiveness of the Place dimension):
A tension has always existed in architectural theories between art, social, and rational notions. The inception of the Bauhaus based mainly on the notion
of unifying all the aspects of art under the wing of architecture. This art–driven perspective derived architectural practice to the creation of the
international style. Modernism was founded on the unity, the whole, and the progress of humanity, as in Marxism. This was done regardless of the
sensibility of social and environmental needs on the local scale. It lost any continuation with the existing social and constructed values. Socially and
contextually correspondent architecture were the main driving forces behind the revolute architectural theories that substituted modernism. Art always
persists along architectural movements, either as the main driving force or as a guaranteed consequent that is achieved in the background, as is the
case for the rational perspective. In the foreground or the background, it comes with different flavors that is affected with or affects the principles of
these theories. This existential property of art can be deducted by reviewing the aforementioned architectural theories. The different relations between
the art, social, and rational motives would be comprehended better after discovering more urban dimensions by the end of the coming chapter.
The aforementioned different types of places exhausted a fair amount of known place

Marcus Ulpius Nerva Personality
Marcus Ulpius Nerva Traianus, Trajan for short, was a highly successful Roman general and Emperor in the early part of the first millennium. He
started his career as a successful general, expanding the Roman Empire. He was later the first Roman Emperor not to be Italian and successfully
extended the Roman Empire to its greatest extent as well as initiated many public building projects, some of which survived into the present day.
Trajan was born into a non–practician family on the 18th of September at Italica near Seville, Spain in 53 CE and he died on the 9th of August in
Selinus in Cilicia in 117 CE. His Dad was a senator and a general. This gave him a start in his political and military career. As a young man, he rose
through the ranks ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Trajan's main military achievement was that he greatly increased the size and wealth of the Roman Empire by either Annexing or taking over
neighbouring areas. Trajan's biggest campaign was against the Dacia, a powerful kingdom north of modern Romania. In 101, he launched the first
campaign against the Dacians and their king, Decebalus, who lived in modern–day Romania. After defeating the Decian Army in 102, Trajan returned
to Rome, only to fight them again in 105. This time the Dacians were utterly destroyed and they officially became part of Rome in 106. He also
conquered Armenia and the whole of Mesopotamia. While Trajan was emperor, Rome expanded farther than it ever had, going all the way from
Scotland to the Caspian

Roman Emperor Trajan Research Paper
Trajan is considered by many historians as one of the greatest Roman emperors. He conquered Parthia and Dacia, expanding Rome's borders. He was
also the first non–Roman emperor in Rome's history. Trajan was born in Italica, Baetica (modern–day Spain) on September 15th, 53 CE, and he died on
either August 8th or August 9th, 117 CE in Selinus, Cilicia (modern–day Turkey). Trajan started his career as a legionary staff tribune in Syria, where
his father was governor. After that, he became a praetor, which qualified him for command of a legion in Spain in 89 CE. One day, he was ordered to
march his troops to Rome to help a revolt against emperor Domitian, but the revolt was suppressed by the time he arrived. In 91 CE, Domitian allowed
him... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
One example of public buildings built by Trajan was Trajan's Forum. Trajan's Forum was designed by the architect Apollodorus of Damascus. Trajan's
Forum contains a four–story, open air shopping mall, the Basilica Ulpia, where laws and government matters were handled, and Trajan's Column.
Trajan's Forum was a huge architectural achievement because slaves and workers cut two hemicycles into the Capitoline and Quirinal hills. In the
holes, warehouses and shops were built, and many streets were formed (Hammond). Another example of Trajan building public buildings is Trajan's
Column. Trajan's Column is an 126 feet tall Column that depicts the invasion and conquering of Dacia. There are thousands of figures telling the story
of the Dacian War. The figures are fighting, sailing, building, and negotiating in all of the intricate scenes (Curry). In 117, when Trajan died, his ashes
were transported to Rome and he was buried under the column (Hammond). Another example of Trajan building public buildings is Trajan's Market.
Trajan's Market is a four–story, open air shopping mall built between 107 and 110 CE. It contained the main building, a covered market, small shop
fronts, and a residential apartment building. The market was situated behind Trajan's Forum and had many functions, mostly commercial. The bottom
three levels housed many shops. The shops sold fruits, vegetables, fish, wine, oil,

Dionysus Analysis
This sculpture was given the title, "Dionysus," and is dated at 50 – 150 A.D. During that period, the Roman Empire went through a civil war, multiple
rebellions, a couple disastrous fires, the building of the Colosseum, the eruption of Mount Vesuvius, the peak of Roman military expansion and
thirteen different Emperors. One of which started the Flavian Dynasty, which would bring stability to the empire that was crumbling because of
financial strife. With all of these events happening, good and bad, it seems difficult to pin point the inspiration or message behind this sculpture. But
if you break that period of time down into parts, it may be easier to get a feel for what the artist was feeling so strongly about, whether it was inspired by
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It symbolizes the military victories, thriving culture and the gracious new rulers, and the new–found strength of the Roman Empire. And most of all, the
good times that came along with it. It reflects the cultural and social ideas of the times; having a party and drinking wine after a military victory, or
just because the people had the free time for leisure activities, or to celebrate the new great Emperor. I think it's important to point out that the structural
stability and level of engineering skill that went into making this piece is a good metaphor for how the citizens felt about the city itself at the time;
strong and durable, and is great enough to last almost two thousand

Accuracy Of Gladiator
Gladiator is an epic historical action drama set in the Roman Empire during the reign of Commodus, the last emperor of the Nerva–Antonine dynasty.
The film is directed by Ridley Scott and features big name actors such as Russel Crowe, Joaquin Phoenix, and the late Richard Harris. In brief the
story of Gladiator centers Maximus Decimus Meridius (Russel Crowe), a betrayed Roman General who is forced into becoming a gladiator.
Maximus fights his way from a lowly arena on the outskirts of the empire, to the Colosseum at Rome with the goal of killing the emperor
Commodus, avenging the murder of his family. In terms of their social status, the film portrays gladiators as a mix of slaves, prisoners, and
professional athletes. The gladiators are the property of a Roman citizen, most seemed to be there against their will, and yet they could achieve
massive popular approval and support like a professional athlete of today. Maximus's relationship with the crowd is an important plot point, showing
the necessity of a gladiator in getting the approval of the masses to better ensure their survival. The film projects gladiators ... Show more content on
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This is for many reasons, some sensible, and some not so much. If this film presented a completely accurate presentation of gladiators, the film might
not have been able to connect with its audience, resulting in decreased profitability. Also, including historically inaccurate imagery, such as the imperial
thumb signals in the Colosseum, helps the audience foster a better connection to the film. At the same time though, including blatant historical
inaccuracies gives a false representation of the gladiators and Roman society, diluting the collective human conscious with falsehoods about the past.
Although not historically accurate, Gladiator is well made and features many praiseworthy performances, making the film certainly worth a

Nerva: The First Good Emperor of Rome
On the 8 of November, [A.D. 35], I was born into this glorious world (Henderson 169). My noble family raised me in fairest Narnia in Umbria (Birley
30). Although I was born into a Senatorial family, I pursued neither a military career nor a public speaking one (Wend). From as far back as my
ancestors can be traced, somehow they have always been involved in the political realm (Birley 30). My dearest great–grandfather, M. Cocceius
Nerva, was consul [36 B.C.]; his grandfather, a man with the same name, was a fine jurist who accompanied Tiberius to Capri in [26 A.D.] (Wend). I
was a son of a Roman lawyer in an aristocratic family (Woolf 364). On my maternal side, my darling mother's Aunt Rubellia Bassa, was the
great–granddaughter of... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
When I took office, I made sure to put the interests of the Romans and Italy above anything else (Dudley 172). I allowed no gold or silver statues
to be made of myself (Wend). I made laws which prohibited the castration of any man and any man to marry his own niece (Birley 34). I wanted
not only the senators to breathe freely again, I wanted Rome as well not have to suffer under Domitian's reign of terror (Henderson 173). If I
wanted the people of Rome to honor my rulings and for our great state to flourish, I needed to show not only my colleges, but the people of Rome
deference as well (Dudley 172). I set free all who were on trial for treason and recalled those exiled during Domitian's rule (Birley 32). Those who
were not found guilty of serious crimes were welcomed back in to Rome (Wend). Citizens were no longer allowed to accuse anyone of treason
(Birley 32). Although I was keen on keeping a balanced budget, I tried to give the Romans ample opportunities to succeed (Wend). I implemented
numerous reforms for the sake of bettering the lives of the Roman people (Woolf 364). Especially the people of the lower classes were positively
affected by these reforms (Mills 391). Room for municipal expenditures allowed Rome to receive social programs (Wend). I exempted poorer families
from paying a five percent inheritance tax (Wend). I also granted these very poor Romans allotments of land worth sixty million sesterces

Holy Roman Empire
The Roman Empire, republic, but seeds of dictatorship, transforms into monarchy. Militaristic system ,coups common. Augustus , Hadrian, Nerva good,
Nero, Calligula bad. Antonines good, Emperor's wisdom. Deification of leader, Highly idealistic and humanistic idea. The idea of the holy hermit as
messenger from the gods and a conduit is a strong motif. Constantine converts to Christianity. Long period of divided empire, western empire falls,
eastern persists. Justinian and his code. Whole empire Christianized, after initial period of persecution. Persecution and exile of Jews for rebellion.
Constantinople falls to Suleiman the magnificent . Charlemagne starts concept of holy roman empire, scepter of empire passes to northern Europe.
Period of Spanish ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Spain and the Balkans came under a long period of Muslim rule as did Iran and the middle eastern countries, which were completely subsumed.
Indian culture showed remarkable vitality and survived. Perhaps this was a positive aspect of the rigid codification of laws and the caste system.
China and Japan were geographically isolated and never faced large scale invasion from Islam, which anyway spread in Indonesia , the Philippines
and malaysis, with the waning of Indian power. East Asia was in fact an important sphere of Indian cultural export, with the Srivijaya Empire, the
Majpahit Empire and so on ruling for long. Here as Indian power fragmented and declined. Islam and then European commercialist colonialism
stepped in. And yet much of Indian culture survived, in Indochina and Indonesia among other places, and Bali is still Hindu. Indeed India did expand
as a culture, via Buddhism all over East Asia and Ceylon, where Indian sages spread the word of Buddha. Asoka was a self conscious cultural
proselytizer. The terms like Bhumiputra as well as names show the persistence of india cultural forms even in the 20th

The Roman Empire: The Tragic Fall Of Rome
The once glorious Roman Empire slowly faded from riches to destitution. There were countless reasons for the tragic demise of the empire, but the
most prevalent reason was the decline in political stability. In the absence of a stable government, there is chaos and stark division. We can see this in
many societies in the past. Without a leader or group of officials to control and maintain order, the society ends up confused, and fighting occurs. They
also would try to do things their own way, or they would all do nothing until their downfall. This was very evident in theRoman Empire due to the bad
emperors who took charge and caused the political system to fail. One reason for the political decline was the bad decisions and mistrust of the bad
emperors. First, high taxes were imposed, causing the wealth to deplete. Taxation, like the taxes imposed from Emperor Galerius (who ruled from
305–308 AD), caused Roman citizens to go bankrupt and forced them to move to the city which led to even more problems. Secondly, the decisions
made by some of the emperors to expand the military was another reason for the fall of Rome. At first, expanding the ... Show more content on
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The Roman Empire spread from Spain in the East, to Iraq in the West, and from England in the North, to Egypt in the South. Communication was
extremely limited over the extensive empire, so it caused the emperor to lose contact with most of the people on the outskirts. Emperor Diocletian
had an idea, that was good at the time, to split the empire in two, but it eventually led to division and opposing leaders. With the division and lack of
control, rebellions occurred and the Senate became even more corrupt trying to accept bribes and gain control. To make things worse for the already
crumbling empire, barbaric invaders took advantage of the weak government and they invaded and captured much of Rome's

Emperor Hadrian's Wall: The Five Good Emperors
Emperor Hadrian born January 24, 76 AD in Hispania, Publius Aelius Hadrianus Buccellanus, was adopted by previous emperor Trajan. He later left
Rome around age 14. His first military service was as Tribune under Emperor Nerva, whom later died. Then,Trajan took the throne, later died on
campaign in 117 CE. He later ruled Rome in 117–138 CE. He was known to be the first to build a wall 80 miles long to separate to Romans from the
Barbarians. He was also know for overseeing important building projects including Temple of Venus and Roma, Pantheon, and of course Hadrian's
Wall. Hadrian is known as the third of The Five Good Emperors. Hadrian's Wall is a Roman defensive barrier that guarded the northwestern frontier of
the province

Memoirs Of Hadrian By Marguerite Yourcenar
Memoirs of Hadrian is a timeless historical novel that describes the life and accomplishments of the great Roman Emperor Hadrian and the impact
he had culturally on western civilization. The story is told from Hadrian's own point of view when he is an old man looking back on his life and is
written as a letter to Marcus Aurelious who he had chosen to be his successor as emperor. This book sheds light on the achievements thatHadrian made
during his reign while also providing an interesting perspective since the novel is written from a first person point of view. Overall I feel that the
author Marguerite Yourcenar did a wonderful job of bringing such an interesting character to life while still remaining factual in regards to the
important historical aspects of Hadrian's reign. The book begins with Hadrian as an old man nearing his deathbed and wanting to give his adopted
successor Marcus Aurelious a personal account of his life and reign in order to help prepare him for the role he is going to undertake soon.
Hadrian tells Marcus that he was born in Italica and his family was Spanish. His father was a Senator but Hadrian's family was not one of wealth.
His father passes away when Hadrian is only twelve years old and his mother never remarries, remaining a widow the rest of her life. Hadrian goes to
Spain to receive his education where he becomes fascinated with the more philosophical subjects, especially anything relating to Greek culture. In the
book Hadrian feels that

Aqueducts In Rome Research Paper
Rome had an efficient water system, aqueducts, that helped get water to everyone that needed it. The aqueducts were 260 miles long, traveling across
Rome, to reservoirs where it would be stored. It was built, so that no one ever needed to worry about water shortage, and it worked as it was supposed
to. This structure was built in 312 B.C.E. Appius Claudius Caecus built this magnificent, astonishing, water– supplying Aqueduct.
Rome had a good army in addition to its extraordinary aqueducts.. There were about 160,000 people in the Roman army. They conquered current day
France, England, Spain, Greece, the Middle

The Slave Revolts: Unintended Consequences Of Empire
The Slave Revolts: Unintended Consequences of Empire Rome's new Mediterranean empire in the second century came with a cost. Besides political
and economic strife, slave revolts in Sicily burdened Rome, first in the 130s B.C. and again from 104 to 100 B.C. Roman warfare, by generating a
shortage in free labor and enriching the slave market, provided for the poor conditions and negligent provincial administration under which slaves in
Sicily revolted. Because Rome, preoccupied with warfare, initially hesitated to act, both slave revolts persisted for years despite slaves' lack of
resources and tactical expertise. When Rome recognized the severity of the revolts, however, it sent in troops, whose experience ultimately squashed
the slaves' ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Slaves owned nothing. They had no political clout or allies to call upon for resources and manpower like Rome. They had no patrons or clients to
ask for or call upon to help, like Rome's consuls. Moreover, most slaves did not possess military experience, had various ethnic backgrounds, and
spoke various languages, which would have made coordination difficult. Nonetheless, rapid mobilization and recruitment in both revolts gave them the
manpower advantage, which sustained rebellion in the beginning. For instance, slaves in the first revolt defeated praetor Lucius Hypaeus' army of
8,000 Sicilians because they had 20,000 men. Diodorus notes that the army increased tenfold "[n]ot long afterward." In the second revolt, the slaves'
manpower advantage (over 2,000) allowed them to defeat Marcus Titinius' army of 600. Slaves met little initial resistance from Rome (like a praetor
without Roman troops) in fomenting both rebellions, which allowed them to expand to the point where they could fend off Roman attacks. Only slave
rebellions in Rome during the first war and rumors of slaves' growing numbers in the second prompted them to quell the

Marcus Ulpius Trajanus : The Roman Emperor Trajan
Marcus Ulpius Trajanus, notoriously known as the Roman Emperor Trajan was born September 18, most likely in the year 52 AD of Spanish
origin. He was an educated man with a powerful, masculine figure. A bronze sculpture at Harvard University showcases his physique in
ceremonial armor standing as if addressing his troops. He possessed a true sense of dignity and humbleness which to the Romans made him an
emperor of true virtue. He was an emperor who truly enjoyed war; his passion for war came from the fact that he was very good at it. He was a
brilliant general, as shown by his military achievements. He was naturally very popular with the troops, especially due to his willingness to share in
the hardships alongside his soldiers. He came from an Umbrian family from Tuder in northern Italy which had chosen to settle in Spain. His father
was Marcus Ulpius Trajanus, a very prominent man in terms of government. He was the first of the to reach the office of senator, commanded the
Tenth Legion 'Fretensis ' in the Jewish War of 67–68 AD, and became consul around the year 70 AD. During the year 75 AD, he became governor of
Syria, one of the key military provinces in the empire. Later he also was to be governor of the provinces of Baetica and Asia. While his father was
governor of Syria, Trajan served as military tribune.
His path toward emperor was a long and hard one. However, he enjoyed a thriving career in government, first gaining the office of praetorship in 85
AD. Then

John The Apostle Research Paper
Miller, 1
John the Apostle, lowly son of a fisherman, grew up in the Bethsaida of Galilee. Called from a humble life by Jesus Christ, he became a disciple and
change the world forever. He was a prophet, apostle, writer, and evangelist. John's life and ministry deeply influenced Christians and the Church of God
and still continues to do so today.
As a young man, John was called by Jesus Christ to be a disciple. He and his fellow disciples followed and were taught by Jesus for three years. As
we read accounts of John in the gospels, we notice a thoughtful man filled with passion and faith. Jesus gave him the name "Boanerges" or "son of
thunder" because of the zeal that seemed to overtake him. John, along with his brother James and Simon Peter, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The Epistles of John were when he was an old man living in Ephesus and were written to various audiences and figures, giving them instructions
and encouragement. The book of John gave a beautiful account of the life of Jesus and the various events that took place during the ministry of
Jesus. The book of John, though written many years ago, is still as applicable to the reader's hearts today as it ever was. The book of Revelation was
inspired by the visions he had on the Island of Patmos. In it, he prophesies of the days to come, and the new heaven and earth. John uses vivid imagery
and descriptions that bring the book to

An Errand of Beauty
Dearest Marcellina Avitus,
I'm afraid I must be again the bearer of bad news my dear sister. After bringing yours and Lucanus' petitions to my own husband, and then to our local
Aedile last week, I had no such luck in having them answered. I thought perhaps, with my noble blood and the respected Patrician name of my
husband I could perhaps get an audience with our beloved Emperor. So, there I was last week, walking through the streets of Rome, my
ladies–in–waiting all aflutter around me, dodging Plebian neighborhoods like a plague from the gods, following whispers from strolling senators in
their bright white togas. My only mission was to find our emperor Trajan and command to have your petitions answered.
However, as you know dear sister, I am easily distracted by the wondrous beauties the gods have bestowed upon our great city. Sister, have you ever
actually taken the time to look at the beauty around you? I know there is not much where you reside on the outskirts of town, but next time you go to
the market, please do. In fact, visit the markets outside of Emperor Trajan's forum the next time you come further into the city.
Can you imagine two whole levels of market stalls? Each one with more and more goods to purchase, by the gods it is a sight to behold sister. I had to
send one of ladies–in–waiting to run home and fetch more slaves just to be able to carry back the abundance of luxury items I purchased from one of
the first floor shops, located just beneath a

Tacitus And Roman Imperialism
Tacitus believes that Roman Imperialism has a variety of attributes that include prosperity, cruelty, and jealousy. He is more so critical of conquests
attempted by people he does not favor. Tacitus is a great source of the Roman imperialist results as he lived through emperor's who were thought to
be effective and others who were unsatisfactory to say the least. He favored the Trajanic regime that he was serving under while criticized Domitian's
reign undoubtedly. Overall, his opinion on imperial rule was mostly negative since it promoted the corruption of the ruler and the ruled, increased
secrecy, paranoia, cruelty and moral downgrades in the emperors, and an increase in greed, hypocrisy, and cowardice in the subjects. While he talks...
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Yet human nature is so weak that the cure lags behind the disease. As our bodies, which grow so slowly, perish in a flash, so too the mind and its
interests can be more easily crushed than brought again to life. Tacitus is ecstatic about the current and last regime slowly bringing back freedom to the
empire, but acknowledges that it is an extremely sluggish process that can be inhibited more easily than furthered. Roman imperialism can be a
two–headed beast, one bringing joy and prosperity while the other rains down fire and brimstone. However, Tacitus could be viewed as hypocritical
considering he condemned Domitian's desire for military glory while loving the reign of Trajan. Obviously, this is partially because the former wanted
to steal glory from Tacitus' father–in–law. Tacitus finishes with, "Yet I shall find some satisfaction, even with the unskilled and unpractised voice, in
recording the servitude we once suffered and in gratefully acknowledging the blessings we now enjoy." He understands that living under an imperial
leadership relies heavily on the individual currently in possession of power and that the outcome can differ greatly. Although imperialism is quite
terrible at times, he acknowledges that it can lead to a variety of positive outcomes. Similarly, conquest and integration of conquered peoples is a
process

The Basilica Of Rome
QUINTUS OCTAVIUS exited his litter, having just traversed the winding streets and narrow avenues of the Aventine, and hurried up the steps of the
Basilica Julia. He had just concluded some business for his client Lollius Capito, leasing out some empty warehouses to a Sicilian merchant, whilst
selling the deed of another to a vintner from Antium, liquidating some of Capito's vacant properties. It was late afternoon and the Forum was
bustling, for it was business as usual here in the great city of Rome; Octavius scarcely arrived at the proposed hour of his appointment for all the
pedestrian hubbub and cart traffic afoot. Rome is ever the center of commerce and trade in the Empire, he thought wryly. Alexandria is but a
small–time metropolis compared to our fabulous Eternal City! Octavius had other important business to transact today, but under the roof and ample
porticoes of the Basilica Julia, the greatest courthouse in Rome. He strode into the Great Hall of the Basilica on his way to meet a friend, another
lawyer, and one who had some titillating information to relay. He politely pushed his way past knots of loitering equestrians and toga–clad patricians,
making his way to the second floor where the light streamed abundantly through the windows of the upper clerestory. It was there he was to meet an
old friend and former associate. Octavius found him amid an audience of very respectable men, listening to the strong–lunged orator pleading before
one of the four tribunals

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