Sociology Research Areas and Gender Roles

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Sociology Research Area * * Aging and the Life Course * Alcohol and Substance Abuse * Asia
& Asian America * Collective Behavior and Social Movements * Community and Urban
Sociology * Comparative and Historical Sociology * Sociology and Computers * Crime, Law
& Deviance * Economic Sociology * Environment & Technology * Family &
Marriage * History of Sociology * International Migration * Latino/a Sociology * Marxist
Sociology * Mathematical Sociology * Medical Sociology * Organizations, Occupations, &
Work * Peace, War, & Social Conflict * Political Sociology * Political Economy of the ... Show
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A hallmark of sociocultural anthropology is its concern with similarities and differences, both within
and among societies, and its attention to race, sexuality, class, gender, and nationality. Research in
sociocultural anthropology is distinguished by its emphasis on participant observation, which
involves placing oneself in the research context for extended periods of time to gain a first–hand
sense of how local knowledge is put to work in grappling with practical problems of everyday life
and with basic philosophical problems of knowledge, truth, power, and justice. Topics of concern to
sociocultural anthropologists include such areas as health, work, ecology and environment,
education, agriculture and development, and social change. * Biological (or Physical) Anthropology
Biological anthropologists seek to understand how humans adapt to diverse environments, how
biological and cultural processes work together to shape growth, development and behavior, and
what causes disease and early death. In addition, they are interested in human biological origins,
evolution and variation. They give primary attention to investigating questions having to do with
evolutionary theory, our place in nature, adaptation and human biological variation. To understand
these processes, biological anthropologists study other primates (primatology), the fossil
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Sociology Gender Roles Essay
In this day and age, people are quick to come to a judgment about the way others live without
knowing their reasons why. Gender role refers to values, characteristics, and meanings that people
use to describe different sexes. Sex is a biological concept based on the determination of an
individual's primary sex characteristics. So often people confuse the two and automatically classify
people because of their masculinity, or femininity look. It is time to start realizing there are more to
people than just their outside appearance. Growing up believing we should look, act, dress, and talk
a certain way do to our outside persona is utterly wrong. "A 1992 study tested gender stereotypes
and labeling within young children" (Fagot) Children ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Sexual orientation is believed to be broken up into 3 categories: heterosexual, homosexual, and
bisexual. Along with these three categories are different components that make up an individuals
preferred orientation. Sexual identity, sexual behavior, and sexual attraction is how someone
determines their sexual orientation. Having two males or females in one home is consider a crime to
some, because it does not follow their religions it can even tear families apart. Such as, kids from
their parents because the parents do not agree with their child's partner's

Social Norms And Values: A Social Analysis
Socialisation is how we as individuals learn how to adapt to social norms and values. This process
helps to create a lasting society (Abercrombie et al. 2006). After conforming to these norms and
values, the individual learns what is socially acceptable in relation to behaviour for example.
Theories of socialisation help us to prove how this works. When investigating theories of
socialisation, it is therefore, necessary to analyse socialisation and how it relates to norms and
values to attain a better understanding of how they are conveyed through socialisation.
One theory of socialisation is constructionism. According to Punch et al. 2013, this illustrates that
when babies, for example, are born they are born as a 'blank canvas', completely devoid of
knowledge. It says that individuals acquire information from the world around them, including their
family, peers, school and social media. They are major influences in people's behaviour and how
they make decisions. For example, school teaches us to respect authority figures by obeying teachers
and following their commands. According to this view, the idea of the ... Show more content on
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Gender identity is an important component of an individual's sense of self. As a person matures they
start to learn about their place in the wider world. According to sociology by John Scott and James
Fulcher, gender socialisation refers to learned gender roles that we acquire from family, social media
and school. It too teaches us of the social expectations linked with gender; the distinctions between
sex and gender. Sex is based on the physical characteristics considered to distinguish between a
male and a female, whereas, gender refers to the differences in how men and women in society are
expected to behave and feel (sociology: James Fulcher and John Scott 2007). An example of gender
socialisation would be that women should wear pink and men should wear

The Sociology of Gender
Sociology of Gender
Patriarchy: Patriarchy is the system where men are in power. Whether it is in a family setting,
government setting or society setting–the men hold the power. Women are not as powerful,
depending on the country and society we are focusing on would change exactly how much power
women have in a patriarchal society. In a patriarchal society, men are seen as the leaders, rulers, and
the overall authority. However, on the other side of it, women are seen as lesser, the weaker sex, and
not as important as men. This often leads to different forms of oppression. Ranging from gendercide
in African countries, to things like the glass ceiling or rape culture here in America. The sociology
aspect of patriarchy is not only related to gender, it is completely embedded in gender. Without
gender and sex, the patriarchy would not exist. If we eradicated genders, how would we decide who
is in power? By their natural abilities to lead, not by the feminine or masculine characteristics that
we attach to them because of their genitalia. The worst part of patriarchy is that we haven't
necessarily had radical acts to make it exist, all we have done as a society is allowed it, that alone
makes it exist. It is seen as the normal and natural because as a society we have not fought against it.
Sociology analyses the patriarchy to see what we can do to reverse it or to make a more equal
society. (Patriarchy, The System, Johnson)
Accountability: This refers to

Evaluation Questions
Chapter Evaluation form SOCIOLOGY 341 After my reading of the Chapter 1: The Sociology of
Gender: Theoretical Perspectives and Feminist Frameworks
1. I found and have learned ...
That all social interaction is gendered and guided by status, positions, and roles. I have also learned
that when the status and role of male and female become stereotyped it could result in sexism or
discrimination. In order to prevent such, feminism is a worldwide movement to end sexism by
empowering women. They include: liberal feminism, cultural feminism, socialist feminism, radical
feminism, etc.
2. I was surprised to know...
That the term sex refers to the biological component of male and female and gender is the social and
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Cultural beliefs about sex and gender determine how they are translated into patterns of behavior.
3. I see how the chapter information relates to my life...
That according to the study, males have earlier, more frequent intercourse both before and after
marriage, emphasize sexual pleasure as a motive for intercourse, and have more non–marital and
extramarital relationships than females. I feel that this is mostly true among me and my other groups
of friends who are male.
4. Discussion topic: "Describe the Dr. John Money's famous sex–reassignment surgery case. Explain
the outcome from a biological perspective (gender identity is inborn) and from a social construction
perspective (gender identity is learned). Which do you most agree with and why?"
Chapter Evaluation form SOCIOLOGY 341 After my reading of the Chapter 3: Gender
Development: The Socialization Process
1. I found and have learned ...
That socialization is the process by which we learn culture and become functioning social members.
Gender socialization explains what is expected cultural behavior related to masculinity and

femininity. I have also learned that gender role socialization in children is patterned by important
cultural factors such as race and social class.
2. I was surprised to know...
That gender of the child is a strong predictor of how parents behave toward their children and in the
selection of the toys and clothes they give to them. Boys are allowed more

Gender Dysphoria Sociology
Social Factors Contributing to Gender Dysphoria Gender can be characterized as the state of being
male or female. It is not characterized by what an individual feels they should be considered as.
Throughout the movie it is shown that Bree is not comfortable with the gender she was born with.
She says "nothing is going to stop me from checking into that hospital next week. I'm not going to
be dragged back into Stanley's old life." She tries so hard to separate herself from the truth of her
being a male. It is shown that she wants to receive acceptance from society by listening to voice
records on how to have a higher pitched voice, and trying to schedule her vaginoplasty. Social
factors contributed to Gender Dysphoria include culture, race, ... Show more content on
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This was very much a subliminal towards her parents that she had no support or respect towards her
decision to become a woman. But due to her parents religion, they did not support her decision. She
continues on to say that Toby would know that he's respected. Another place in the movie where
Bree's mother tries to get her to conform is in 1:20:42 when she begs Bree to not get her
vaginoplasty done, because she misses her son. Bree retaliates and says "Mom you never had a son".
This opens up a can of worms and brings her mother to distraught. An example of how such
environment would cause Gender Dysphoria is by forcing a person to engage in cultural norms of a
gender. Elizabeth, Bree's mother, is so stuck in her religious ways that she tried everything to
"straighten" Bree out. In 1:09:56 Elizabeth says "You know what I see when I look at you? . . . I see
a lost soul crying out for help. This would never have happened, if you had only come to church
when you were little, instead of going to that synagog of your fathers." But it only pushed her
daughter further away. Bree even tried to commit suicide, because she wasn't happy being a male.
Bree does not identify with masculinity and tries to escape from the imposed role to an extreme
opposite role of a women. A way in which

Gender, Sociology, Anthropology, And Sociology
Gender in the Contemporary World
In The Gendered Society, the writer Michael Kimmel examine an wealth of pragmatic study and
accepted outsets regarding gender disparities to disagree from a sociological standpoint that "Gender
Divergence is the upshot of gender variation, not its origin". The sociological characteristic of his
debate is footed on the inspiration that "the communal establishments of our world like place of
work, family, politics and school are also gender oriented institutions. Kimmel further argues that
these institutions convey a reason, logic, a self–motivated notion that replicates gender associations
linking men and women moreover the gender classification of authority and hierarchy". As Kimmel
observes it, an assessment of gender ought to try hard to elucidate not only alleged variance linking
women and men however male supremacy (Kimmel).
While explaining "Gender", Kimmel argues some of the opinions and viewpoints regarding gender
that have come out from the restraints of biology, psychology, anthropology and sociology. Kimmel
discards the designs that gender distinctions are footed exclusively on biological legacy, utilizing
cross cultural researches to expose the variety in societal values concerning the suitable parts and
responsibilities of men and women and in their respective attitude across civilizations. Kimmel
reveals that American model of gender associations is not widespread. The sections on sociological
and psychological clarifications

The Impact Of Gender On Organizational Work Unit Teams
The Impacts of Gender on Organizational Work Unit Teams
Nada Nafissa
Morgan State University
The influence of women in society has undergone a paradigm shift in America over the last century.
Indeed, women have gone from being solely relegated to the roles of mother and housewife to
legislators and CEOs, from not having the basic right to vote to being elected officials, Supreme
Court Justices and frontrunners for the office of President of the United States. But while the power
of women in society has grown exponentially during this time, American society remains largely
bureaucratic and male–dominated in many ways. Gender differences remain part of the American
landscape, and throughout the world. While America can be viewed as setting the bar for women's
rights on a global scale, gender inequity remains part of the fabric of our society. This multi–
disciplinary study will concentrate on the identification of the impacts of gender on organizations
and organizational work unit teams, an ever–increasingly important dimension in organizations. It is
expected that findings will include increased productivity of heterogeneous teams across disciplines.
Keywords: gender, diversity, performance, efficiency, teams, organization
Among the six elements or principles of a bureaucracy, Max Weber noted that formal selection of
individuals, whereby people are selected for employment based upon technical qualification alone,
was a component thereof (Weber, 1922). Accordingly, only

Theoretical Approaches To Sociology
The first section of the course develops an understanding of sociology and emphasizes the use of
sociological imagination and sociological perspective to question the obvious in order to recognize
the opportunities and constraints in our lives through the connection of personal aspects of an
individual's life to social and historical influences. The three main theoretical approaches
(Structural–Functionalist, Conflict, Symbolic–Interaction) were discussed during the lecture and
were applied to analyze sports. Sociological methods were also studied to help distinguish common
myths, based on anecdotal evidence and correlating data that is affected by other factors that are not
considered in the research, from facts supported by scientific evidence. The three research
orientations used by sociologists are positivist sociology, interpretative sociology and critical
sociology. Positivist sociology conducts quantitative research such as surveys, experiments and
statistical data to demonstrate a cause and effect relationship. Interpretive sociology conducts
qualitative research and focuses on subjective realities and tries to understand what people do and
why they do it. Critical sociology disagrees with the common idea that society has a natural order
and focuses on the need for social change. Furthermore, the course discusses the concept of social
stratification, which refers to a division of society into 2 or more hierarchically ordered groups. In
this section, the differences between caste and class is clarified. Caste is hereditary and there is little
or no mobility. On the contrary, there is some mobility in the class system, where an individual's
status is defined by income, education and work. The distinction between race and ethnicity is
established during the lecture. Contrary to the common myth, race is not biology and is just based
on physical traits. It is relatively fluid and changes over time through interracial marriage. In
Portraits of White Racism, David Wellman makes the distinction between prejudice and racism by
redefining racism as the "system of advantage based on race." Ethnicity categorizes people based on
shared culture, heritage, language, religion, family, household structure, preferences

Gender Roles Sociology
Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given
society considers appropriate for men and women, while sex refers to the biological and
physiological characteristics that define men and women (World Health Organization). It means
gender is overall role, their attitude and activities which is affected by society and cultures and it is
regulated people have a different roles between men and women. For example, in the past, people
believe that men are strong and responsible for their family by working outside to make a
comfortable living with them, whereas women tend to be obedient to their husband and scarify
themselves by doing housework. For this reason that women could not have many chances ... Show
Women and men work in the same environment and they start working from lower–level jobs, but it
takes more time to get promoted and less chances to take higher position in workplace. There is one
researcher, Mabel Adraham studies the difference of promotions between men and women in his
workplace based on his experience. He finds out American bank where the lower–level jobs were
over 80 percent of female, while less than 40 percent of executives were women. It means most
women work in lower–level jobs and only few women get promoted to have higher level jobs in
workplace. There is the important reason that women cannot get promoted as much as men is people
think women cannot control themselves and easy to give up their work if they have to do too much
hard work over their abilities. People consider that women are more emotional and sensitive than
men, so they hesitate to give them a high stress work and demanding big decision jobs. For example,
a police chief may be unwilling to take female police officer for promotion, due to advanced
prevention when the chief forces to lots of work or dangerous work to do and the belief that men can
naturally carry out better even if it is a hard and dangerous work. For this reason that women tend to
have a low self–esteem and lose

Emile Durkheim's Impact On The World Of Sociology
Emile Durkheim was a sociologist who greatly impacted the world of sociology and changed many
concepts about the discipline. Durkheim's main goal was to get people to realize that one's social
experiences impact a person's behavior. Everything you encounter in your life, affects you in some
way. Durkheim conducted a social experiment where he used suicide rates in different ethnicities,
genders, and religions to prove his point. He concluded that these rates are constant every year and
they rarely change within their given category. During his research, he found that one religion
compared to another had higher suicide rates. He determined that this was due to their social
experiences. The example between Protestants and Catholics was used because Protestants believe
in freedom of their mind and actions, which excludes them from many social interactions that one of
a different religion may encounter. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Durkheim contributed the social integration factor to sociology. Before Durkheim, sociologists
believed that sociology was a part of history and economics. They believed that it was pure chance
of how you encounter different issues. Durkheim proved that this was incorrect and that it is purely
based on social interactions and encounters in your life that impact your decisions. Durkheim's
theory is still true today and widely used in the world of sociology. He proved that by looking at the
patterns of suicides committed by different races, genders, and religions, that it was based on more
than just the individual who committed the act (Henslin

Queer Theory For The Sociology Of Gender And Sexuality
Valocchi's article, NOT YET QUEER ENOUGH The Lessons of Queer Theory for the Sociology of
Gender and Sexuality, discusses the advances queer theory has made towards becoming a
Sociological Theory. Sociologists that study gender and sexuality are trying to cover all aspects
when considering queer theory. Social structures need to be taken into consideration when dealing
with sexuallity as well as gender ientities. To fully understand queer theory we need to understand
how all the concepts regarding ones sexuality, the gender they choose to identify as, and sex in
regards to their biology relate. Sex is the biological classificaition of being male or female while
gender is the social construction of who you are and what you have to do because

Sociology Gender Roles
Gender role is defined, by the Oxford Dictionary, as the role or behavior learned by a person as
appropriate to their gender, determined by the prevailing cultural norms. Also known as sex roles,
these particular roles have a division between men and women. Our society is the determining factor
in how each sexes depicts their role through their actions, clothes, characteristics, etc. There have
been, and are, many issues facing both men and women in our society relating to traditional roles
that they play. Whether it's related to how both dress, talk, and socialize, none is worse than being
told you don't fit in. Our society now relies so heavily on how society and other people view them,
that they base their roles around that fixed comfort ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He is always depicted as a hulking, hyper–masculine, and aggressive as stated by Prepscholar. Since
society placed an enormous amount of pressure on him to be the best to continue to have all he has,
he needs to be "aggressively" taking action to rid of whatever stands in his way (Fitzgerald 23). He
knows he can't afford to look weak in front of Daisy because she was always needing to be
impressed. Without this tough image of him, he wouldn't be who he says he truly is because at this
point masculinity defines him. Since he has been in this mode for a long time, it identifies him now.
This has made him to be the bad guy that everyone hate if not, most people, and as some people put
it as "hat[ing] his guts" (Fitzgerald 24). Our society is so cruel to people that it can turn you into a
monster that spread hate and

The Gender Marketing Of Toys : Shaping The Way Americans...
The Gender Marketing of Toys: Shaping the Way Americans Shop and Play In the article, "The
Gender Marketing of Toys: An Analysis of Color and Type of Toy on the Disney Website" authors
Carol Auster and Claire Mansbach examined gender marketing of Disney products on the Internet.
The way toys are marketed to the public shapes the perception of whether it is appropriate for a
particular child to play with a certain toy. The authors found it important to study Disney toys
marketed on the Internet because children spend much of their time surrounded by toys, e–
commerce has growth significantly in the past decade, and Disney is dominant in the toy industry.
This study is of particular importance because past studies did not explore how Disney marketers
use the Internet to create gender divides based on toy characteristics and how it shapes gender
expectations (Mansbach, 375). Carol Auster is a sociology professor at Franklin and Marshall
College. Sociologists examines human behavior and society in a more in–depth way than the
average human being to obtain a better understanding of social life and why people develop the way
they do (What is Sociology?). Auster obtained her M.A. and Ph. D. from Princeton University.
Auster received the 2011 Christian R. and Mary F. Lindback Award for Distinguished Teaching
(Franklin & Marshall College). She concentrates on gender and introductory sociology. Many of her
published articles pertain to race, gender, and education. The journal that

Annotated Bibliography On Personalized Medicine
Personalized medicine can lead to the development of great discoveries that could revolutionize the
world. The research of personalized medicine is new and costly but that is not the only setback this
new science must face. Personalized medicine has also presented issues of race and gender that
cannot be silenced until further research is conducted. It is clear that personalized medicine could
provide great benefits for fighting illness, but it can lead to issues of underrepresentation of race and
concerns of gender in terms of drug safety and with the little that is known right now the cost
outweigh the benefits. The need for new and more effective treatment continues to increase and
personalized medicine appears to be the answer to our prayers. With further research personalized
medicine could revolutionize pharmaceuticals and to go out on a limb even find a cure for aids and
other cancers. But it is too early to have high expectations for a science that has not been deeply
explored. It seems that the fantasy of finding a perfect match treatment for each individual has
raised support from many institutions including the White House and the FDA. There have been
some recent personalized medicine treatments approved by the FDA and this has lead President
Obama to bring forward the Precision Medicine Initiative (U.S. Food and Drug Administration),
which would give millions in monetary support for research to be conducted on personalized
medicine. The issue here is whether

Debating Gender Inequality In The United States
Summary The article discussed the debate between governor Romney and President Obama. The
article brought out how both candidates focused on womens' labor as a family issue. The sociology
aspect of gender discrimination and workplace inequality is emphasized as well. The author states at
the latter part of the article that: "both candidates need to be better informed on the complex factors
that produce workplace inequality (Debating Gender Workplace Inequality)."
Overview
One of the unsettled issues when it comes to gender workplace inequality has to do with education.
Women are earning slightly more degrees, yet they must accelerate their educational achievements
substantially in order to earn the same pay. Women face limits in education ... Show more content on
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This transformation has diversified careers, family life, and gender roles (Work and Family in the
21st Century). Women find it challenging to manage arduous jobs and a busy family life. The
conflict between work and family has become a social problem. The combination of roles have
created problems as these roles are assumed to be different based on gender. Work and family
conflicts has become a social problem. "Certain views treat work and family as in competition for a
persons time, energy, and attention (Work and Family in the 21st Century)." The article also
discussed how employers are actively engaged in putting forth the effort to beware of employee's
work and family concerns. It also talked about how employer's are also looking into their policies to
aide in addressing these issues. These two articles relate well to the main article because it reverts
back to the idea about how when it comes to work for women the viewpoint gets shifted back to
family responsibilities and how a woman has to balance between her responsibilities to her job and
her family, and this continues to have a bearing on workplace

Gender Roles Sociology
What is gender roles really about? What really makes it so important in our day to day lives? Well to
first understand gender roles, you have to understand gender. The dictionary definition of gender is
"either the male or female division of a species, especially as differentiated by social and cultural
roles and behavior:" While Gender roles are more complex, they are something that society has
shaped us to look at in a certain way. The sociological perspectives all help justify gender roles.
They are seen as essential to society's makeup because the assigned roles work together. Men are,
also, seen as dominant and women as submissive. These views are what make individuals in society
act a certain way towards a gender because of the beliefs ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
If the baby is born as a male, he is dressed in blue. If it is a girl, she gets the pink blanket. This is a
prime example of symbolic interactionism. Starting from the very beginning, we are given certain
connotations towards words or other symbols. What do you think when you hear these words?
"Blue" "Pink" "Masculine" and "Feminine. ". Most people would answer with blue for a boy, pink
for a girl, masculine for a man, and feminine for a woman. These immediate thoughts that pop into
our head are all effects that were given to us by society. Research done by doctor Marco del
Guidance reads that pink has been associated with feminity and blue with masculinity since the
early 19th century. It is believed that that relationship between pink and girls, and blue and boys, is
believed to have derived from mass marketing which helped spread and normalize these

Girls And Girls By Alice Munro
Boys and Girls, written by Alice Munro in 1931, is a short story that discusses the journey of a girl
who transcends the concept of gender roles in her youth by believing herself to be characterized by
not her gender, but instead her interests, capabilities, and responsibilities in regard to her support in
running her father's fox farming business at home. Throughout the story, the nameless narrator
supplies the reader with a multitude of details that explain and explore the social constraints of
gender for young girls; instead of abiding by them, the narrator opposes them with vigor for the
majority of her childhood. Munro strategically introduces Flora, a mare who matches the intensity of
attitude and self–presentation to that of the narrator in order to represent the resilience of the young
narrator's independence in her journey to defy the social constraints imposed on young women
during a lifetime. Flora exists as a comparison.
The narrator, a young girl at the age 10, opens the story in a direct manor, utilizing a matter–of–fact
tone that transcends her gender, implying herself to lack the feminine development commonly seen
in young girls: "my father was a fox farmer. That is, he raised silver foxes, in pens; and in the fall
and early winter, when their fur was prime, he killed them and skinned them and sold their pelts..."
(Munro 137). Her voice and tone is primarily how she is characterized as well as her active and
voluntary involvement in her father's fox farming

Social Perspectives On Education And The Sociology Of...
EDST 1104 – Social Perspectives in Education
Assessment 2 – Essay
TANUWIJAYA, Wirya
Z3483970
Why is it important and/or helpful for initial teacher educators such as yourself, to learn about, and
learn to use, ideas from the sociology of education?
Social influences on educational outcomes and the social nature of education structures of the past
and present exemplify how social institutions can affect education perceived by individuals. This
can also be defined as the sociology of education; a study of education systems of how social
institutions and individual experiences affect education and its outcome, as interpreted by Scott and
Marshall (2009). This essay will address how the background of sociology of education (culture of
power that exist) shapes the current social perspectives in education, how sociology of education
contributes and its usefulness for initial educators.
Sociology, education and history
Firstly, it is fundamental for scholars to understand the relationship between the roots of educational
sociology and the sociology of education. Education is being integrated into sociology, the latter
considered by many educators as a supporting beam of pedagogy (in addition to philosophy,
anthropology, psychology, biology, ethics and aesthetics). Through this, the knowledge of
sociological method, problems and generalizations may be adequately interpreted to every educator.
Surely, contemporary education cannot disregard the contributions of sociology. In

Gender Wage Gap Sociology Essay
This paper explores the sociological effects gender wage gap in all aspects of our society. Gender
wage gap is when a Women is paid 79% of what men are paid, the gap is referencing the 21% gap in
between what a man is paid and what a women is paid.This topic relates to Sociology because it
pertains to social inequality, gender pay Discrimination, gender segregation, gender diversity,
patriarchy, feminism, and gender inequality. African Americans and Hispanics have the biggest gap
in pay and white and Asian women have the smallest gap. Inequality with Race and wage gap are
one in the same when it comes to social inequality they are both a form of discrimination.
Wage gap is the statistical indicator of the significant difference of women's earnings relative to
men's. In America a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Gender wage gap is the one type of discrimination that has received the most outcry. Wage gap
affects women of all races, especially African Americans and Hispanics. Your mother, your sister,
niece, aunt, grandmother and your daughters are affected by this gap in pay. Gender wage gap
affects everyone because it tell you that we all live in a society that judges someone's worth based
on thier sex and not their ability and qualifications. Hispanics and Latinos are paid 55 cents to an
average man's dollar, an African American woman is paid 60 cents, a white woman 77 cents to every
man's dollar. Gender wage gap does not only focus on paying women less but paying women that
are minorities way less. This is a social problem that began years ago, Although the government is
making strides to eradicate gender wage gap we still have a long way to go. This disparity should be
everyone's concern not just women. This wage gap leaves working woman and their familie
shortchanged because the gap translates into $10,762 less per year for an average working

Sociological Analysis, And Social Analysis
During my first three semesters at Wesleyan, I have been able to complete five of the required
sociology major classes, including the three foundation courses: Introductory Sociology,
Sociological Analysis, and Sociology and Social Theory. These sociology courses have enabled me
to gain a better understanding of social structures, culture, and intersectionality, which will help me
in exploring the social challenges facing Italy, such as race, gender and economic inequality. In
addition to sociology, I have completed five of the nine required Anthropology courses. These
anthropology courses have enabled me to gain a thorough understanding of the evolution of
societies and how power and infrastructure influence a country's direction. This background ... Show
However, I also intend to take an intensive Italian course, which although not advanced, should
provide me with the basic abilities to converse and participate in everyday Italian life. I also plan to
take an internship, either at an NGO, non–profit or school. This experience will enable me to
interact with local citizens and become an active participant in the daily life and culture of Italy.
These experiences, coupled with my language and social studies programs, will enable me to live
not as a bystander, but rather assimilate into the culture and develop an understanding of Italy's

Relationship Between Sports And Sports
Sports in general and in books are defined as physical activities that involve challenges or
competitive contests. Whereas, sociology as defined in the book refers to the study of social worlds
that people create, maintain, and change through their relationships with each other. Hence, the
combination of sports and sociology creates the study sociology of sports. Sociology of sport in
simple words is a study of the relationship between sports and society. A society can also be referred
to as a social world where we get to witness different cultures coming together to form relationships.
Additionally, the relationships formed by the people in a society later shows us the social structures
and interactions people make and develop with each other in everyday life. Moreover, the social
interactions made with groups of people work to influence those people's feelings, thoughts and
actions, which can also influence their thoughts on sports. Therefore, sociology of sports studies
how culture and values influence sports and how sports influences culture and values. Additionally,
as sports are integrated into many spheres of social life, sociology of sport also studies the
relationship between sports and family, education, religion, economy, politics, media, gender, race,
youth, etc.
Sociology of sport, a study of the relationship between sports and society shows us how sports can
play a big role in our society as a whole to help us eliminate discrimination and promote healthy

Effects Of Sociology On Christianity
Often times individuals are not treating according to character. Commonly women are victims to
abuse in relation to not meeting families' expectations. However intergrading sociology along with
Christian faith may introduce a deeper understanding. In addition, it is imperative for Christian to
understand the gender abuse effects of sociology. Understanding this subject will allow individuals
to assist those need. Furthermore, gender should not conclude the methods behind harsh treatment.
Sociology and the Christian faith discuss a broad topic that can be difficult to bring together. Each
topic has precise details that interlace, and complement one another. Sociology is the study of
development, structure, and functioning of human society, whereas Christianity is the religion based
on the person and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many Christians who "say" they are followers of Christ question why do certain people act the way
they at, or are they really living this lifestyle. However, in the video clip women were forced to
marry into families without any opinion. One woman was killed by her parents in result of wanting
to obtain desired occupation. However, death should not be the outcome of unwanted marriage.
Therefore, individuals should be judged on their heart not gender. "Honor and Obey" Goes back to
what God says in his word, Jeremiah 17:10, "I the LORD search the heart, I test the mind, even to
give every man according to his ways, and according to the fruit of his doings". God also states in
1st Samuel 16:7, "But the LORD said to Samuel, "Do not consider his appearance or his height, for
I have rejected him. The LORD does not look at the things people look at. People look at the
outward appearance, but the LORD looks at the heart." Although, individuals obtain different
genders treating people with respect is essential for

Gender Inequality In Sociology And Gender Roles
In Sociology, gender roles are a big part of everyday discussion. With that comes the controversy
with gender inequality. The differences of what it really means to be an equal gender nation has been
around for years, but it has been becoming more and more popular with politics and media recently.
Females are portrayed as inferior to males when they should be treated as equals in today's society.
We have come a long way since the Women's Rights Movement in the 1800s, but there is still work
to be done. To better understand gender inequality, it is important to understand the root where it
came from, specific manifestations dealt with gender inequality, and solutions on how to make
gender inequality a term of the past. Gender inequality is the "social process by which people are
treated differently and disadvantageously, under similar circumstances, on the basis of gender"
(Gender inequality, 2017). This means that one gender is not being treated equally compared to
another gender and in most cases it is women. The roots of gender inequality are not from any recent
time. In China, they actually are dated back 2,500 years to the Bronze Age according to a recent
study from Queens College in New York City. Studies were done by scientists who examined
Neolithic Age graves from the Chinese Central Plains about 5,000 years ago. They reported their
findings when they examined their bones for signs of stress. Their examinations concluded that there
was a significant change in

Sociological Imagination And Social Identity
Presumptions, based on names, alter individuals' social identities and can be explained through their
relations with the main branches of sociological imagination: biography and history. Through the
analysis of sociological imagination and its two primary components, the impact of influential
forces is distinguishable in the investigation of how and why individuals perceive one another
through the assumption of each other's names. Indeed, historical and social forces affect wavering
attitudes about gender and names. Due to those forces and societal expectations, names spur
assumptions about a stranger's social identity even before confrontation with that person. Through
inquiry of history and biography's significance on individuals, sociological ... Show more content on
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In furtherance, the sociology of gender analyzes how those forces manipulate the perception of the
differences between masculinity and femininity, whereas the sociology of names examines how
those same forces influence presumptions on people based on their appellations. Essentially, cultural
expectations are attached to which gender a person has. In its intertwined relationship with names,
gender explicates how culture presently links the suffixes "–a" to be with female names and "–o" to
be with male names. In regards to sociological imagination's concept of history, origins of names
may date back to previous generations, which permits present suppositions of race, ethics, and
beliefs. Concerning social forces and the concept of biography, both expectations based on gender
and assumptions based on names are shaped by social interactions with family members, friends,
and strangers. Ultimately, the historical force of cultural expectations and the social force of
presumptions account for the social identities of gender and names–attributes that mold people's
perceptions of each other within their

Gender Theory And Standpoint Theory
Gender Theory and Standpoint Theory
Kean University
Spring 2015
Anastasia Mendola
Society should be socially acceptable to all members of it no matter where they works, how much
money they have, or don't have, the color of their skin, there sexual orientation, where the
geographically live, etc. when it comes to topic of this nature, most people are very hesitant and
don't want to talk about it. Is it because they know that there are problems that need to be fixed, or
because they know that no matter how much you talk about the topics it's a lot harder to change the
way society is than to just accept it and let it be. The paper discussed the two theories of standpoint
theory and the gender theory. They both are present in everyday society but it just isn't that clear at
all times.
When most people think about the job that they have now or that they will have in the future, they
don't think about that where they stand in society will be based off of what one solely knows. That is
referring to the standpoint theory. The one main person that helped develop standpoint theory was
Dorothy E. Smith. She was born in Great Britain in 1926. She worked as a secretary at a publishing
company before she decided to try to get a better job by getting a college degree. "She began college
at the London School of Economics in 1951, and she received her bachelor's degree in sociology
from the London School of Economics in 1955" (Feminist). Smith says that although her years at

The Reproduction Of Mothering: Psychoanalysis And The...
According to Nancy Chodorow book "The Reproduction of Mothering: Psychoanalysis and the
Sociology of Gender boys have to attempt to develop masculine identification as well as learn a
masculine role in the absence of a personal relationship with their father. Chodorow states Without a
Father or available male role model (p 176.) boy's appropriate aspects of their father's masculinity
they feel will be used against them, even though they don't identify with their father or male role
model as a person. "Boys are taught to be masculine more consciously than girls are taught to be
feminine". (p.176). When fathers or a male role model is not present, boys learn their heterosexual
role wit through interaction with their mother (P.190). Therefor

Steevi Jackson Feminism
Feminism is the public support of women's rights on the basis of the equality of the sexes. Some say
that it structures relations between people. We need feminism because we deserve equal pay and
jobs. Also, we live in a world where women continually being slut–shamed. This article by Stevi
Jackson is about the start of women's studies and how women's voices were belittled. Stevi Jackson
is a professor of sociology and the director of Center for Women's Studies at the University of York.
She has wrote books on gender in sexuality.
According to Stevi, women's studies had its origin in second wave feminism and that it originated as
a challenge to male–centered knowledge. Stevi talks about how she was taught in sociology, in the
late 1960s and

Sociology Of Sex And Gender Essay
Ajibola Olayinka
Sociology of sex and gender
Professor Taylor Houston
8th November, 2016.
My beliefs and view on the gender ideology towards work and family is more weighed on one side
(Masculine) and partly on the other (Feminine). It is evident that the 'Masculine' gender is more
dominant in our society and because of this; there is more expectation and responsibility for the
masculine gender. However, there is a continual inclusion trend in which we are witnessing the
feminine gender assume some roles of the masculine gender. But overall, the masculine effect is still
dominant. I personally feel that there should be a good balance of work and family responsibility by
the men. It is necessary that the 'Men' are mostly responsible for taking the role of the breadwinner
of the family therefore, the working hours of the men would have to be met as required by the
employer. For example, working 40 hours a week is the minimum in the US but varies in some other
places. In a case whereby the man has to take an overtime shift just to meet the needs of the family.
The core responsibility of a family depends on both the man and the woman. This also varies
depending on the family. In my opinion, I would expect both genders o take equal responsibility.
The feminine gender is mostly associated with the child care activities and the house chores while
the Masculine gender is associated with the providing for the family and helping the feminine
gender. In as much as there will be

The Social Sciences And Humanities
There seems to be a stigma present in our society, that social sciences and humanities are not as hard
and require less work than science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, STEM, majors. In
addition, women are still struggling to gain traction in STEM fields, and face gender bias quite
frequently, as seen in the fact that women are only paid 77 cents for every dollar made by a man. We
hypothesized that STEM majors would be rated as more academically competent than sociology
majors. We also hypothesized that male students would be rated as more academically competent
than female students. Finally, our combined hypothesis was that males would receive higher ratings
of academic competency, overall, regardless of major. There was a total of 263 participants in this
survey, 173 of them being female. Participants read paragraphs about either a sociology major
named James or Jane, or an engineering major named James or Jane, and then were asked to rate
how much they agreed with statements about the student, such as if the student was naturally smart.
Participants were also asked how many hours they expected the student to spend studying a week.
We found that the engineering students were rated higher for being naturally smart than the
sociology students. Additionally, we found that the engineering students were expected to study
more hours than the sociology students, and that a female undergraduate was expected to study more
hours than a male undergraduate. These results

Gender Differences Between Men And Women
Spiritual well–being is one aspect of the human experience that is appears controversial and
intriguing at the same time. This study approached the hypothesis of gender differences between
men and women in spiritual well–being. The study used the Spiritual Well–Being Scale (Ellison,
1983) and assessed 75 college students in the survey. The study resulted in data that confirmed the
hypothesis that men and women do not have any significant differences in spiritual well–being.
Gender Differences in Spiritual Well–Being
The examination of spiritual well–being has been a long and interesting road to understanding the
importance of spirituality and religiosity in the health of individuals. With the advent of the Spiritual
Well–Being Scale by ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While it would appear the two studies came to opposite conclusions, the purpose of this present
study is to examine the same relationship between gender and spiritual well–being and explore the
hypothesis that there are no significant difference in the levels of spiritual well–being between men
and women. While the one study came to the conclusion that women had higher levels of spiritual
well–being, a different study conclude that there was no significant difference in those levels
between the genders (Simpson et al., 2008).
This study examines the results of the Spiritual Well–Being Scale (SWBS) and the difference in
responses between the male and female participants. Spiritual well–being is one aspect of the human
experience that is appears controversial and intriguing at the same time.
Method
Participants
This study selected 75 students to participate in the Spiritual Well–Being Scale survey. There were
22 male students and 53 female students. There was a diversity of age ranged from 19 to 41,
however the sample of students as a whole remained relatively young (M = 21.59, SD = 2.83). The
ethnic diversity of participating students provided 62 White students alongside 6 Black students, 3
Hispanic students, and 1 student each that reported as Asian, Pacific Islander/Native

Using The Qualtrics Survey System Essay
There was a total of 236 participants in this survey, 173 of them being female (as shown in Table 1).
The survey was distributed through various social media outlets, including: Facebook, Group Me,
Twitter, email, and other online sites. The survey was intended for University of Pittsburgh
undergraduate students, but due to being posted on social media, there is a possibility our survey
was taken by students at other universities. We originally had 313 participants, but 77 were excluded
due to their failure to complete the quality check question, or because they did not fully complete
the survey by not giving us their year in school information. Materials and Procedure
Our survey was created using the Qualtrics survey system. Participants needed access to a smart
phone or computer with internet access to complete the survey. We gave the participants paragraphs
about either a sociology major named James or Jane, or an engineering major named James or Jane.
The conditions, which paragraph the student read, were randomly assigned to them but the questions
were identical and in the same order for every participant. After reading the paragraph they were
asked to rate how much they agreed with statements about the student. A 5 point Likert scale was
used, where 1 was strongly disagree and 5 was strongly agree. The statements given to the
participants were if the student had good work ethic, was naturally smart, and was going to continue
their education post–graduation. There was

Essay on The Sociological Imagination
My personal condensed definition of "the sociological imagination" is that it is the idea one should
be aware of the societal structures around themselves, and how those structures can influence a
person and vice–versa. In addition, I think that having a "sociological imagination" also involves a
deep appreciation for the importance of society and culture. Consequently, for a person that has
completed a basic introduction to sociology college course and actually paid attention, I would hope
that they have been exposed to some basic taste of the sociological imagination.
Over the past three and a half years as a student of Sociology at State University, I believe my own
sociological imagination has grown exponentially, and I have been ... Show more content on
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In regards to what Mills originally thought about this concept, he wrote that "the sociological
imagination enables its possessor to understand the larger historical scene in terms of its meaning for
the inner life and the external career of a variety of individuals. It enables him to take into account
how individuals, in the welter of their daily experience, often become falsely conscious of their
social positions" (Mills 1959:5). In many ways, Mills' own definition of this concept is focused on
shifting a person's viewpoint of the world from a singular and individualistic ideal to a viewpoint
that looks more about the societal and historical view of the world, especially within the context of a
person's current placement in social history.
However, as I mentioned earlier, other sociologists have also formulated the same general concept
that Mills touched upon in his "sociological imagination." An example is the work of Peter Berger
and his idea about having a "sociological perspective." Specifically, one of Berger's key elements of
his sociological perspective as having involves "a process of 'seeing through' the facades of social
structures...." (Berger 1963:29). In addition, Berger believes that being sociologically aware allows a
sense of "consciousness" that Berger argues is a pre–requisite to true "freedom"; thus, he always
thought of "sociology as a form of

Looking For A Peer Review
For this paper I chose to look for a peer review study that I could relate to. There are a lot of things
that we grow up around and don 't really notice the impact that happens around us. I am a science
major in college so I have been doing experiments a long time. After reading this study I was very
intrigued about how they conducted and executed their experiment in this study. I the article I read
was " An Avenue for Challenging Sexism: Examining the High School Sociology Classroom." This
article was very interesting to me. I went to a small school so we didn 't have sociology classes. It is
very interesting to see their approach to teaching about gender. In this paper I will be examining the
purpose and goal of this article.
The way ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I see how it can dramatically impact the learning on students in a sociology course especially the
teaching about gender. It hard to give a hands off teaching perspective on gender fluidity if you are
so gender focused on one side.
There were three different results to this study. The first one was the teacher 's stance on gender
inequality and how they based their teaching decisions off of this factor if they were gender blind or
gender focused. They found it very hard to talk about women and women 's issues in their history
classes but they were able to discuss it better in their sociology electives that they taught. The last
thing that they discovered about this study was how it was important to teach a sociology class in
high school to teach the kids about sexism and gender stratification. I think this last theme is very
important to educate our youth on today. A lot has been happening in the last view years with the
women and gender. I know if my school had a sociology class it would have cut down a lot of the
gender ignorance and negativity that especially arises in small communities like where I grew up.
The impact of the elective in the schools where it was taught was very good. Students got to ask the
questions about gender in a safe area where they were not to be ridiculed and can discusses the
impacts it has had on our society. They found it was easier to talk about gender boundaries and
sexism to students. They also broke down the cultural

Example Of Sociological Perspective
Sociological Perspective and Theories
Ginelle Mendoza
University of Belize The Sociological Perspective
Sociology is determined to be the systematic study of human kind that focuses on the pattern of
behavior. Pattern of behavior can be influences that occurs in a person's life which causes them to
make certain decisions. Sociology gives a better perspective of how to live well in comfort avoiding
being judged, it also helps us to become active participants in our society assisting us to live in a
diverse society. Sociology is important because it teaches us the social world which guides all our
life choices in much the same way that the weather tend to influence our choice of clothing each
day. Sociology makes us understand how society shapes our lives ... Show more content on
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Simply meaning identifying general social patterns in the behavior of an individual. He also came
up with, seeing the strange in the particular, which is the sociological perspective that society shapes
what we should think and do. In sociology society has its own origins in powerful social forces. A
main contributor to sociology is Emile Durkheim's, his research showed that society affects even our
most personal choices, whether it be what we want to do in life determining if it is the best for
ourselves and the society.
Society affects our personal choices because we are expected to live up to or embrace the norms of
society. Our personal choices might be reflective of what we embrace, however it might not be what
society deems to be ethical. An example that Durkheim focused on was suicide, society mostly
influenced men, mainly Protestants, the rich and unmarried causing them to commit suicide. Having
to live up to society's expectations can cause a lot of pressure on an individual leaving them no
choice to try and escape from the stress finding a solution which might be best to them causing them
to kill

Sociology ' Using Material from Item a Assess Sociological...
Sociology Topic 6
'Using material from item A assess sociological explanations of gender inequality in todays society'
In the last 30 years women in the UK working has risen to 2.45 million whereas men working has
risen by 0.5 million. Item A suggests a variety of gender inequalities in today's society for example
the pay difference women receive as it is suggested according to item A that women earn a quarter
of a million pounds less than men and this is without women not having any children if she did have
children it would be £140,000 less. The pay gap reduces family income overall which isn't
beneficial for families. Another issue is that women mainly work in low paid sectors like retail or
caring and due to women having a glass ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
pay is low in occupations where there are many women. This could be because the jobs require less
training and promotion prospects for this job in which men are in the majority. Human capital
assumes that experiences of employment means the increase in wage whereas experience in part
time work is associated with less wages.
Some sociologists believe that a dual labour market exists and is divided into 2 sectors primary and
secondary. Primary is secure, well paid and with good prospectus whereas the secondary is poor pay
insecurity and no ladder of promotion. Barron and Norris concluded that women are likely to be in
the secondary this is due to women being unsuitable, disrupted career developments and weak legal
and political framework supporting women.
Liberal feminists argue that the traditional forms of gender role socialisation in families, education
and in the media are responsible for reproducing a sexual division in labour in which masculinity is
seen as dominant whereas femininity is seen as subordinate.Oakly argues that the reason for the
subordination of women in the labour market is the dominance of motherhood/housewife roles for
women. Patriarchal ideology stresses the view that women's only purpose is to raise children.
Sharpe believes that education and careers are main priorities of teen girls. Girls also perform better
in education which suggests that society will change at a later stage due to girls performing so well

My Sociology Class Reflection : Gender Identities, And Family
Flash–back to when I was choosing classes for this current semester, I needed another elective to
graduate. After considering my options, I choose Marriage and Family because I like my sociology
class. I also thought that this would help me in my future since I plan to be a teacher. Now when this
class started, I automatically regretted my decision. After reading the introduction for this class, I
was worried I would not enjoy being in this class. However, I was wrong. The assignments in this
class kept me entertain. I enjoyed many of the topics we learned about because the discussion
boards were fun to participate in. They made you think, but I enjoyed writing them. The "getting to
know you" discussion board was a clever way to get know my classmates, and I enjoyed writing my
entry. I enjoyed most of the discussion boards that went along with my favorite four interesting
topics I learned about. Gender Identities and Families, Our Sexual Selves, Love and Choosing a Life
Partner, and Communication in Relationships, Marriages, and Families are the four topics
interesting topics I will be highlighting. Gender Identities and Families is the first chapter I really
enjoyed learning about. This chapter went into detail about the concept of Gender Identity. It helped
me to realize that gender is more then the sex that has been assigned to us at birth. This chapter
introduced to me what transsexual and transgender really meant. These identities come around when
someone feels that they do not match their genitalia. This chapter also goes over how society can
affect the gender roles through family, religion and education. However, gender identities are
changing with more gender fluidity becoming apparent in the U.S. My favorite and most memorable
moment in this class happens to be the discussion board that went with this chapter. In this
discussion board, we had to watch half of a video about Jazz. Jazz was born with male parts, but she
knows that she is meant to be female. I found this video to be very interesting and watched the
whole video. I also enjoyed the questions that went with this video. It is a topic that was taken
differently by every student, and I enjoyed reading everyone's response. This was my

Gender And Social Conflict Within Gender Specific...
Gender and Social Conflict that is seen in Gender Specific Institutions
Miranda Shipley
Morningside College
The topics that I have been assigned to study in this specific sociology course that I am currently
enrolled in include: gender and social conflict. Other than the assigned textbook for this specific
sociology class, entitled Introduction to Sociology, I will also be using the sources entitled Article
Tools and Gender and Social Conflict I believe that these sources better allowed me to reflect and
explain my experiences at the Planned Parenthood of the Siouxland area through the sociological
gender and social conflict lens.
The sociological conflict theory according to Kimberly Moffitt is defined as, " a ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Do to the similarities in my area of volunteering and my topics, I often found it very easy to perform
the required research necessary to adequately analyze these topics. Furthermore, while volunteering
at Planned Parenthood of the Sioux Land Area I gained more insight and knowledge then I
originally expected. Throughout my volunteer experiences at Planned Parenthood I was given many
opportunities to interact with others as well as help those that are in need of medical and emotional
assistance. These interactions included but were not limited to filing paperwork, creating visual
displays, and restocking pamphlets / brochures, dealing with crowd control/protestors, as well as
answering the phones and directing patients to the help in which they needed. Through these simple
jobs that I was given at Planned Parenthood I was able to expand and hone in on my communication
skills with others. Not only did I have to be able to have conversations with others while
volunteering, I also had to be able to listen to what others had to say and find ways to help and direct
them. Do to the type of patients that Planned Parenthood of the Siouxland aides as well as the
procedures that Planned Parenthood and organizations similar to Planned Parenthood perform on
their patients, there were many times that I was able to learn about my individual values and belief
in regards to the field of female reproductive health. Prior to volunteering at this specific
organization

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