Understanding Cataracts Disease

School of Architecture, Building & Design
Foundation in Natural and Built Environments
NAME OF MODULE: MATHEMATICS (MTH 30104)
PROJECT: STATISTICS
LECTURER: MS. ANN SEE PENG
SUBMISSIONDATE: 1st
JUNE2015
GROUP MEMBERS / ID.: ABDULLAH MAMODE(0319562)
KIRALYRENAUD (0320322)
KODARUTH HUMAIRAA (0319356)
MUHAMMAD SHEIK IRFAANYADUN(0319353)
ZOELOW LI MIEN(0319444)

TABLE OF CONTENTS
CONTENT PAGE NO.
A. INTRODUCTION 1
B. OBJECTIVE 2
C. METHODOLOGY 3 - 5
D. EMPTY SURVEY FORMS 6 - 7
RESPONDED SURVEY FORMS 8 - 208
E. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS 209 - 229
F. CONCLUSION 230

INTRODUCTION
Statistics is a mathematical science which involves the collection, analysis and
interpretation of data. Statistical analysis helps to understand some process and possibly to
make some predictions based on the understanding.
For this assignment, assuming that Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia (Malaysian
Health Ministry) engage us to conduct a survey. We were needed to study the understanding
level of between female and male students in Taylor’s University aged 20 to 30, 30 to 40, 40
to 50 and others on one of the common chronic diseases in Malaysia. This survey focuses to
compare how much male and female students understand about the diseases. In a group of
five members, Abdullah Mamode, Kiraly Renaud, Kodaruth Humairaa, Muhammad Sheik
Irfaan Yadun, Zoe Low Li Mien. We intended to do a survey based on the understanding level
of females and males on the Eye Disease Cataracts.
Many people think that a cataract is a skin or a layer of tissue that grows over the
eye. A cataract is the clouding of a part of the eye called the lens. Vision becomes blurred or
dim because light cannot pass through the clouded lens. Over half of those over 60 have
some cataract development and most cases can be treated successfully with surgery.
In most cases, it is a degenerative change of the lens (an ageing process) as people get older.
Until today, there is no medication or diet that effectively slows down or stops the
development of cataract. The best solution to this problem is still surgery.
According to an article published in the January issue of Ophthalmology, trends in
cataract surgery over the course of a 5-year period, from 2008 to 2012, show decreasing
thresholds for surgery, decreasing surgical complication rates, and better visual outcomes.
The analysis included outcomes from 137,524 cataract extractions from Malaysia. It does not
cover refractive lens exchange. Mean age at the time of surgery is 64.6 years in Malaysia.
The 5-year changes in preoperative visual acuity reached statistical significance. he
percentage of eyes operated on with 20/200 vision or worse preoperatively decreased 6.3%
in Malaysia.
Through this survey, we were able to identify the understanding level of males and
females in Malaysia on Eye Disease Cataracts according to different groups of age. It
successfully created awareness among them and highlighted that we should take this issue
success seriously and be aware of it.
1

OBJECTIVE
This assignment gave us the opportunity to explore ways of collecting data and
different types of organisation that we can use in statistical data. In addition, it enables us to
apply the knowledge gained to analyse statistical data and draw conclusion from the data.
The aim of this survey is to let us analyse and solve problems that involve various
mathematical principles. For instance, we apply mathematical principles in Statistics like
mean, frequency, median and etc… to get a more accurate result throughout this entire
survey.
Furthermore, we got to identify the understanding level of females and males in
Malaysia on the cause and effect of Eye Disease Cataracts and some other questions that are
related to this issue. Moreover, this assignment allowed us to collect, organise, present and
draw conclusion for simple statistical data. It enhances our communication skills as well. We
developed this skill by distributing survey forms for others to fill. It also allowed us to
understand more about the knowledge on the Eye Disease Cataracts. Most importantly, we
chose to do this survey on the Eye Disease Cataract because even though this happens in old
age people, so the new generations may take necessary precautions to prevent it from
happening in the future.
2

METHODOLOGY
We carried out the questionnaire survey as from 14th of May 2015 until 20th of May
2014. The questionnaires were distributed to a total of 150 students. All of them did it on a
hard copy questionnaire as we didn’t thought of having any online survey. The
questionnaires were distributed all around Taylor’s University Lakeside Campus. For
instance, we distributed the questionnaires on level 2 of Block B, Block C, Block D and Block E
Survey taken at Block B Level 2
3

Survey taken at Block C, D and E Level 2
Tabulating the survey reports
4

Making Report on the Laptop
Making Infographic Presentation Board
5

EMPTY SURVEY FORM
Mathematics’ Final Project
Survey Form
This survey is based on Cataracts Eye Disease and this survey is to be used as our Statistics
Project for Mathematics.
Gender: Male / Female Age Group: 20 – 30 / 30 – 40 / 40 – 50 / Others
Questionnaire about Cataracts
Circle your answer
1. Which age group do you think Cataracts are most likely to happen?
A. Below than 40 years old B. Above than 50 years old
2. What do you think causes Cataracts?
A. Old age B. Too much of drinking and smoking C. More exposure to radiation
D. Eye injuries E. All of the above
3. How can people prevent themselves from obtaining this disease?
A. Wear sunglasses B. Smoke less often B. Eat more vegetables C. All of the Above
4. Which gender do you think are most likely to have Cataracts?
A. Female B. Male C. Both
5. How do you think cataracts can be cured?
A. Recognised Treatment B. Effective Treatment C. Surgery
6. How many percent of people are able to regain good vision?
A. 0% - 30% B. 31% - 73% C. 74% - 89% D. 90% - 100%
7. What are the symptoms of cataracts?
A. Poor Night Vision B. Double vision in one eye C. Sensitivity to light and glare
D. Fading or yellowing of colours E. All of the above

8. For overhowmany yearshas implantationof plasticlensesfor cataract surgery been practiced?
A. 30 Years B. 25 Years C. 20 Years D. 10 Years E. 5 Years
9. What may happen after months or years of a cataract surgery?
A. Nothing at all B. Lose Sight Forever C. Deterioration of vision
10. How many types of cataracts are there?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4 E. 5
11. Cataract affects which part of the eyes?
A. Retina B. Lens C. Cornea D. Vitreous
12. What is the recovery time following a cataract surgery?
A. 2 – 3 Weeks B. 2 – 3 Months C. 2 – 3 Days D. 2 – 3 Years
13. When should one undergo cataract surgery?
A. Wait forit to mature B. When there isdifficultyinvision C. All of the above
D. None of the above
14. In whichof the followingare glassesrequiredfor nearvisionaftercataractsurgery?
A. Multifocal IOL B. Accomodative IOL C. MonovisionIOLfordistance correction
D. Monovisionfornearcorrection
15. What isthe mostcommoncause of reducedvisionaftercataractsurgery?
A. Aftercataract B. Refractive error C. Inflammation D. All of the above
16. Cataract surgeries are performedby?
A. Ocularist B. Optometrist C. Ophthalmologist D. Otorhinologist
17. What isnot true about cataracts?
A. Causespaininthe eye B. Impairseyesight C. Isa commoneye ailment
D. Its surgeryisa shortand relative easyprocess
18. A cataract isa cloudingof the clearlensinthe eye
A. True B. False
19. Do youthinkthiscataracts disease is
A. Common B. Uncommon C. Rare
20. Are cataracts linkedtodiabetes?
A. Yes B. No

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Gender: Male and Female
Male Female
44.50% 55.50%
The figure shows the percentage of males and females based on the 200 survey
participants in Taylor’s University Lakeside Campus. 44.5% are of males and 55.5% are of
females who have contributed to the results shown on the pie chart above.
For males: (89/200) x 100 = 44.5%
For females: (111/200) x 100 = 55.5%
209
44.50%
55.50%
Male
Female

Question 1: Which age group do you think Cataracts are most likely to happen?
The figure shows that both males and females understand that cataracts are most
likely to happen in the age group of above 50 years old with 50 males and 86 females which
sums up to a total of 68% out of 200 participants
Males + Females = (50 + 86)/200 = 0.68
Percentage of correct answer: 0.68 x 100 = 68%
210
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
A B
NumberofParticipants
Answers
Male
Female
A B
Male 39 50
Female 25 86

Question 2: What do youthinkcausesCataracts?
The figure shows that the females understand more than the males as more female
gave the right answer which is A whereas more males answered to answer E with 34 females
to answer A and 30 males to answer E which makes a percentage of 17% for females with
the right answer. Combining both males and females with the right answer sums up with
27%.
Females: (34/200) x 100 = 17%
Males and Females: [(34+20)/200] x 100 = 27%
211
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
A B C D E
Answers
Male
Female
A B C D E
Male 20 15 19 9 30
Female 34 11 23 10 33

Question 3: How can people prevent themselves from obtaining this disease?
The figure shows that how much the participants understand of what measures they
should take to prevent from obtaining cataracts. From the numbers, it can be seen that the
females understand more that wearing sunglasses will reduce or prevent from obtaining
cataracts with 28 participants out of 200 which makes a percentage of 14%. Summing up the
right answer for both males and females is equal to 13 and 28 respectively which sum up to
41 participants out of 200 which make a percentage of 20.5%.
Females: (28/200) x 100 = 14%
Males and Females: [(13+28)/200] x 100 = 20.5%
212
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
A B C D
Answers
Male
Female
A B C D
Male 13 22 25 29
Female 28 19 26 26

Question 4: Which gender do you think are most likely to have Cataracts?
A B C
Male 11 20 58
Female 18 23 70
The figure shows that how much the participants know that both genders are most
likely to have cataracts, as this not only either for males or for females. Hence more than
half of the participants got the right answer.
Males and Females Right Answer: [(20+23)/200] x 100 = 21.5%
Females Most Answered Answer: (70/200) x 100 = 35%
Males and Females Most Answered Answer: [(70+58)/200] x 100 = 64%
213
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
A B C
Anwers
Male
Female

Question 5: How do you think cataracts can be cured?
The figure shows that most of the participants in both gender males and females
understand that cataracts eye disease can be cured only by surgery. 46 males out of 89 and
51 females out of 111 have had the correct answer which makes a percentage of 23% for
males and 25.5% for females summing up at 48.5% who answered the correct answer out of
the 200 participants.
214
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
A B C
Answers
Male
Female
A B C
Male 16 27 46
Female 19 41 51

Question 6: How many percent of people are able to regain good vision?
The figure shows that the participants are not really aware that surgery for cataract
actually gets more that 90% of people to regain good vision. But instead most of the
participant both males and females thinks that only 31% to 73% of patients regain good
vision. The percentage of males and females who gave answer B is 39.5% and the
percentage of people who had the right answer is 14.5% which 9% is of females.
Males and Females most answered answer: [(38+41)/200] x 100 = 39.5%
Females Right Answer: (18/200) x 100 = 9%
215
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
A B C D
Answers
Male
Female
A B C D
Male 16 38 24 11
Female 17 41 34 18

Question 7: What are the symptoms of cataracts?
The figure shows that both genders understand that what the symptoms of cataracts
are. But the females understand more than the males as more females gave the right answer
compared to the number of males giving the right answer are the same with those who gave
answer B. Percentage of both gender giving the right answer is 26.5% which are 22 males
and 31 females out of 200 participants. Percentage of female with right answer is 15.5%.
Males and Females Correct Answer: [(22+31)/200] x 100 = 26.5%
Females with Correct Answer: (31/200) x 100 = 15.5%
216
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
A B C D E
Answers
Male
Female
A B C D E
Male 11 22 15 19 22
Female 20 25 9 26 31

Question 8: For over how many years has implantation of plastic lenses for cataract surgery been
practiced?
The figure shows that the participants are not well aware of how long have cataracts
is existed and the implantation of plastic lenses for cataract surgery have been practiced
very few of the 200 participants gave the right answer which is 9 males and 10 females. Sum
up to a percentage of 9.5% only knows that it’s been 30 years that this has been practiced
for recovery from cataracts. Most answered by both males and females are 20 years which
sums up to 33.5% which are 16% and 17.5% respectively.
Females Correct Answer: (10/200) x 100 = 5%
Males and Females Most Answered Answer: [(32+35)/200] x 100 = 33.5%
Females Most Answered Answer: (35/200) x 100 = 17.5%
217
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
A B C D E
Answers
Male
Female
A B C D E
Male 9 16 32 18 14
Female 10 23 35 33 10

Question 9: What may happen after months or years of a cataract surgery?
The figure shows both genders understand clearly that after months or years of a
cataract surgery, deterioration in vision may happen rather than nothing at all or losing the
sight forever. This result to 52 males and 58 females out of 200 participants who gave the
right answer and the percentage is 55% which 29% are females.
Males and Females Correct Answer: [(52+58)/200] x 100 = 55%
218
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
A B C
Answers
Male
Female
A B C
Male 17 20 52
Female 24 29 58

Question 10: How many types of cataracts are there?
The figure shows clearly that more of the participants know that there are 3 types of
cataracts most of the genders who knows more is the females. In all, there are 30 males and
37 females out of 200 participants who got the right answer. Their percentage is 33.5%
which of these the females percentage is 18.5%.
Females Correct Answer: (37/200) x 100 = 18.5%
219
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
A B C D E
Answers
Male
Female
A B C D E
Male 24 14 30 10 11
Female 18 23 37 19 14

Question 11: Cataract affects which part of the eyes?
The figure shows that the females understand more that it is the lens that gets
affected in the eyes. As for the males they answered less to the correct answer and gave
more wrong answer. Percentage for both males and females for correct answer is 26.5%
which of females is 19.5%. Percentage for most answered answer by males is 12% which is C
the cornea.
Males Most Answered Answer: (24/200) x 100 = 12%
220
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
A B C D
Answers
Male
Female
A B C D
Male 23 14 24 20
Female 28 39 36 8

Question 12: What is the recovery time following a cataract surgery?
The figure shows clearly that the participants don’t know what the recovery time of a
cataract surgery is. Because both males and females gave very less response to the correct
answer which is 2 – 3 days. Percentage for both genders with correct answer is 11% for
which male percentage is 5.5%. Answer which got more response from both genders are A
and B which are 2 – 3 weeks and 2 – 3 months respectively. And B is mostly answered with a
percentage of 40.5% of which females is 23.5%.
221
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
A B C D
Answers
Male
Female
A B C D
Male 30 34 11 14
Female 39 47 11 14

Question 13: When should one undergo cataract surgery?
The figure shows that half of the participants understand clearly when someone
should undergo a cataract surgery. Percentage of females with the correct answer is 29%
222
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
A B C D
Answers
Male
Female
A B C D
Male 13 42 18 16
Female 12 58 16 25

Question 14: In whichof the followingare glassesrequiredfornearvisionaftercataractsurgery?
The figure shows the correct answer falling on the 3rd position. The most answer
given is answer B with 31 males and 31 females which makes a percentage of 31.5% of which
16% is of males. The correct answer has a percentage of 25% of which female is 14.5%
223
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
A B C D
Answers
Male
Female
A B C D
Male 15 32 21 21
Female 19 31 29 32

Question 15: What isthe mostcommoncause of reducedvisionaftercataractsurgery?
The figure shows the knowledge of the participants of what is the cause of reduced
vision after a cataract surgery. The answer was D, but most of them gave the answer B.
Percentage for most answered answer which is B is 35% of which females is 18.5%.
Percentage for correct answer is 24.5% of which females is 14%.
224
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
A B C D
Answers
Male
Female
A B C D
Male 16 33 19 21
Female 19 37 27 28

Question 16: Cataract surgeries are performedby?
This figure shows clearly that most of the female participants are aware of who
performs cataracts surgery. This show a percentage of 22% of females out of 111 whereas
males with only 10.5% out of 89. Most answer given by males is B with a percentage of 16%.
Males Most Answered Answer: (32/200) x 100 = 16%
225
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
A B C D
Answers
Male
Female
A B C D
Male 26 32 21 19
Female 21 36 44 10

Question 17: What isnot true about cataracts?
This figure shows that the people don’t know much about the cataracts. Most answer
came from both males and females which is the cataracts surgery is fast and easy is not true.
And the correct answer got the lesser response from males than females with a percentage
of 21% of which 12% is females.
Females Most Answered Answer: (36/200) x 100 = 18%
226
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
A B C D
numberofParticipants
Answers
Male
Female
A B C D
Male 18 22 20 29
Female 24 21 30 36

Question 18: A cataract is a cloudingof the clearlensinthe eye?
Thisfigure shows thatmore than half of the participantsare aware that Cataract is a clouding
of the clearlens in the eye. Correct answer is with a percentage of 64.5% of which females is 37.5%
227
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
A B
Answers
Male
Female
A B
Male 54 35
Female 75 36

Question 19: Do youthinkthiscataracts disease is
This figure shows that the participant understood that cataract is a common disease in
Malaysiasince he interview was most among Malaysian students. More than half of the participant
got the right answer and its percentage is 54.5% of which 31% is females.
Females Right Answer: (62/200) x 100 = 31%
228
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
A B C
Answers
Male
Female
A B C
Male 47 22 20
Female 62 24 25

Question 20: Are cataracts linkedtodiabetes?
Thisfigure shows that the participants don’t know that in some ways cataract is linked with
diabetesassymptomsof diabetesincludeblurryof vision. Percentage forrightanswer of both males
and females is 33% of which females is 19%.
Females Correct Answer: (38/200) x 100= 19%
229
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
A B
Answers
Male
Female
A B
Male 28 61
Female 38 73

CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the major purpose of this survey was to create awareness among
individuals in Malaysia as well as students on chronic diseases that may lead to death.
Through the survey, we have tested the understanding level of all the participants on their
own knowledge for Cataracts Eye Disease. Not only do they need to know about cataracts,
but in addition, they must also know a bit of other chronic diseases as the saying goes,
“Prevention is better than cure!”
When we first started to figure out what to put in the questionnaire, we had no idea
at all on cataracts. After doing some research, we gained a lot of knowledge on Cataracts Eye
Disease basically the facts of it. We have learned that there are three types of cataracts. It is
a clouding in the clear lens of the eye that is the lens in the eyes that gets affected. This
mostly happen with the old age people starting above the 40 years of age. As there is
difficulty in vision, that individual must go for a scan, and undergo the surgery as soon as
possible if he is diagnosed with cataracts.
From this survey, we have learned a lot of things such as working as a team,
collecting data, analysing survey forms, tabulating data, converting data into charts, be able
to apply statistics principle in calculation, writing a report, first and foremost, design an
infographic poster.
Through this survey, we hope that more and more people will be aware of the
Cataracts Eye Disease. Last but not least, measures will be taken by each individual so that
the risk of getting cataracts becomes lesser and lesser in Malaysia and around the world.
230

Understanding Cataracts Disease

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