some terminologies used by pharmacist and pharmaceutical chemistry. I prepared this ppt in my 1st year 1st semester.

1. Some terminologies frequently used by
the pharmacists and pharmaceutical
industry
Submitted by
Keshob Kumar Ghose
ID: 2016000300001
Batch: 27 Section: A
Submitted to
Sonia Zaman
Lecturer
Department of Pharmacy
Southeast University

2. Drug
The world health organization (WHO) defines a drug as any substances
that are used to modify or explore physical systems or pathological
states for the benefit of the recipient,e.g. Aspirin, morphine,
amoxicillin, chlorpheniramine, tetracycline, etc.
Aspirin Morphine Amoxicillin
Tetracycline
chlorpheniramine
Ref: Fundamental of pharmacy and pharmacy practice M.A Mazid and M.A Rashid.

3. Types of drugs
Crude drugs: Crude drugs are vegetable or animal drugs which consist of
natural substances that have undergone no other process than collection,
drying, grinding, etc,e.g. Vinca rosa powder.
Non-official drugs: Substances that have never been appeared in the
pharmacopoeias or in the formularies are called non-official drugs.e.g.
Acrivastine, Bupropion, Zolpidem, etc.
Official drugs: Substances that have been introduced in the current issues of
pharmacopoeias or formularies are called oficial drugs, e.g. Paracetamol BP,
Tetracycline USP, Amoxicillin USP, Ranitidine USP, etc.
Unofficial drugs: Substances that have been recognized in the
pharmacopoeias or in the formularies but presently not found in the current
issues are designated as un-official drugs, e.g. Terfenadine, Thalidomide, etc.
Ref: Fundamental of pharmacy and pharmacy practice M.A Mazid and M.A Rashid.

4. Types of drugs
INN: INN means international non-proprietary names.These names identify
API.A nonproprietary name is also known as 'generic; name. e.g.
Heroin(diacetylmorphine),Bardoxolone, Edoxaban, Ramelteon, salbutamol,
etc.
OTC drugs: OTC means over-the-counter.Drugs, which can be obtained
without any prescription, are called OTC drugs or non-prescription drugs.e.g.
Asprin, paracetamol, Antacid, etc.
Me-too drugs (MTD): A drug that is structurally very similar to already known
drugs, with only minor differences. The term "me-too" carries a negative
connotation.sometimes MTDs are also called also 'follown on' drugs, e.g.
Omeprazole and Esomeprazole, Loratadine and desloratadine, Citalopram
and Escitalopram, pheniramine and Chloropheniramine,etc.
Ref: Fundamental of pharmacy and pharmacy practice M.A Mazid and M.A Rashid.
www.Medicinenet.com

5. Types of drugs
Legend drugs/prescription drugs: Medicine, which may be dispensed
only upon legal prescription are referred to as prescription drugs or
legend drugs,e.g. Cephradine, Gentamycin, Tetracycline, Atenolol,
Losartan, Clonazepam, etc.
Narcotic drugs: Drugs, which act on CNS to relieve pain but produce
narcosis and addiction, are called narcotic drugs, e.g. Morphine,
Heroin, etc.
Misbranded drugs: The drugs, which are produced without permission
of authority and do not bear any approved brand names, are called
misbranded drug.Misbranded drugs do not contain proper labelling
and DAR (drug Administration Registration) number.
Ref: Fundamental of pharmacy and pharmacy practice M.A Mazid and M.A Rashid.

6. Types of drugs
Dangerous drugs: The drugs which from a habit, dependence and
addiction after prolonged use are called dangerous drugs, e.g.
Barbiturates, Morphine, etc.
Thermolabile drugs: Drugs, which are destroyed, or degraded by heat
or light are called thermolabile drugs, e.g. Insulin, Streptokinase,
Trastuzumab, vaccines, etc.
Biological drugs: Drugs, which are obtained from biological sources, are
termed as biological drugs.They are not suitable for oral use.They are
antigenic substances and may cause hypersensitivity, e.g. sera, Solution
of serum proteins intended for injection, Vaccines, Toxins, Antigens,
Antitoxins, Insulin, Pituitary extract etc.
Ref: Fundamental of pharmacy and pharmacy practice M.A Mazid and M.A Rashid.

7. Types of drugs
Non-biological drugs: Drugs, which are obtained by synthesis or
semisynthesis, are termed as non-biological drugs, e.g, Paracetamol,
Aspirin, Diclofenac, Metronidazole, Ciprofloxacin, etc.
Ref: Fundamental of pharmacy and pharmacy practice M.A Mazid and M.A Rashid.

8. Medicine
Medicine is any drug, which has definite does and dosage form and is
used to treat or prevent diseases in man or animal.e.g. paracetamol
500 mg Tablet, diclofenac 50 mg tablet, Amoxicillin 500mg capsule, etc.
Paracetamol 500 mg Diclofenac 50 mg Amoxicillin 500 mg
Ref: Fundamental of pharmacy and pharmacy practice M.A Mazid and M.A Rashid

9. Types of medicine
Counterfeit medicines: Counterfeit medicine is one which is
deliberately and fraudulently mislabeled with respect to identity and/or
source.
Ref: Fundamental of pharmacy and pharmacy practice M.A Mazid and M.A Rashid

10. Types of Medicine
Essential medicines: According to WHO "Essential medicines are those
that satisfy the priority health care needs of the population" .
They are selected with due regard to public health relevance, evidence
on efficacy and safety, and comparative cost effectiveness, e.g. all
antibiotics are considered as essential in those countries in which
peoples are more susceptible to infectious diseases.
DGDA of Government of "The people's Republic of Bangladesh" has
selected 209 drugs as essential for Bangladesh.
Ref: Fundamental of pharmacy and pharmacy practice M.A Mazid and M.A Rashid

11. List of some essential Drugs in Bangladesh
SI. Generic name Therapeutic class Indications Dosage form
01 Abacavir (ABC) Anti-HIV Agents Treatment of HIV-1 infection 300 mg/Tablet
02 Acetazolamide Anticonvulsants,
Diuretics
Treatment of edema due to congestive heart
failure; drug-induced edema; centrencephalic
epilepsies; chronic simple (open-angle)
glaucoma.
250 mg/Tablet
03 Benzoic acid + salicylic
acid
Antifungal
preparation
Ringworm or teneasis, eczema, fungal
infection of the groin, barber's itch.
Benzoic acid 6% +
salicylic acid 3%
(Ointment or cream)
Ref: Fundamental of pharmacy and pharmacy practice M.A Mazid and M.A Rashid

12. Brand Name
The name that is privately owned by a manufacturer or distributor and
used to distinguish the from competitor's product is called brand name.
paracetamol/acetaminophen is a generic name. There are several
companies that make this with brand names such as Panadol, Calpol,
Napa, etc.
The IUPAC name of paracetamol is N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamide.
Ref: Fundamental of pharmacy and pharmacy practice M.A Mazid and M.A Rashid

13. Chemical Name
A name used by the organic chemist to indicate the chemical structure
of the drug is called chemical name, e.g. N-
4(hydroxyphenyl)acetamide is the chemical name of
paracetamol.
Brand name: Napa
Chemical Name: N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamide
Ref: Fundamental of pharmacy and pharmacy practice M.A Mazid and M.A Rashid

14. Generic Name
The established, nonproprietary, or common name of the active drug in
a drug product is known as the Generic name.
Each medicine (drug) has an approved generic name, e.g.
Acetaminophen, acetyl salicylic acid (Aspirin), Diazepam, etc.
Ref: Fundamental of pharmacy and pharmacy practice M.A Mazid and M.A Rashid

15. Thank you for your attention.
Do you have any question?