role of Egyptian in pharmacognosy.

1. Group : Bunch of Roses

2. welcome

4. PAPYRUS
• Cyperus papyrus

5. HEARST PAPYRUS (2000 BC)

6. HEARST PAPYRUS

7. HEARST PAPYRUS
• It was named after phoebe hearst.
• Contains 18 pages of medical prescriptions.
• Concerning on treatment for problems dealing with the urinary system, blood, hair,
and bites.

8. KAHUN GYNAECOLOGICAL
PAPYRUS (1800 BC)

9. KAHUN GYNAECOLOGICAL PAPYRUS

10. KAHUN GYNAECOLOGICAL PAPYRUS
• it deals with women's health.
• gynaecological diseases, fertility, pregnancy, contraception, etc.
• It divided into three section and several paragraph
• Paragraph 19-converned with the recognition of who will give birth.
• Paragraph 20- concerned with the fumigation procedure which causes conception
occur.
• Paragraph 20-22: concerned with the contraception.

11. • Third section
paragraph (26-32)
• Concerned with the testing pregnancy.
KAHUN GYNAECOLOGICAL PAPYRUS

12. EDWIN SMITH PAPYRUS
(1600 BC)

13. EDWIN SMITH PAPYRUS

14. EDWIN SMITH PAPYRUS
• Oldest know surgical treatise on trauma.
• describes 48 cases of injuries, fractures, wounds, dislocations and tumors.
• unique among the four principal medical papyri in existence that survive in today.

15. EDWIN SMITH PAPYRUS
• Named according to its byer Edwin
smith.
• Its originated from the time when
Egypt was under the rule of
Thebes.
• Some of this attributed by Imhotep
(physician of the Old Kingdom,
3000-2500 BCE)

16. EBBERS PAPYRUS (1550
BC)

17. EREBUS PAPYRUS
• Named according to its byer Georg
Ebers.
• It was found in the mummy leg.

18. EBBERS PAPYRUS
• papyrus o.f herbal knowledge dating to c.1550 BC.
• oldest and most important medical papyri of ancient Egypt,
• Contain 700 magical formulas and remedies
• Contain incantations
• Contain treatise on the heart
• Contain chapter on contraception, diagnosis of pregnancy and other gynecological
matters, intestinal disease and parasites, eye and Skin problems, dentistry, and the
surgical treatment of abscesses and tumors.

19. REMEDIES AND TREATMENT OF
EBBERS PAPYRUS
• Asthma: A mixture of herbs heated on a brick so that the sufferer could inhale their
fumes.Belly: "For the evacuation of the belly: Cow's milk 1; grains 1; honey 1; mash,
sift, cook; take in four portions."
• Bowels: "To remedy the bowels: Melilot, 1; dates, 1; cook in oil; anoint sick part."
• Cancer: Recounting a "tumor against the god Xenus", it recommends "do thou
nothing there against".

20. REMEDIES AND TREATMENT OF
EBBERS PAPYRUS
• Clothing: may be protected from mice and rats by applying cat's fat.
• Death: Half an onion and the froth of beer was considered "a delightful remedy
against death."
• Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm): Wrap the emerging end of the worm around a stick
and slowly pull it out. (3500 years later, this remains the standard treatment.

21. RAMESSEUM MEDICAL
PAPYRI (18TH CENTURY BC)

22. RAMESSEUM MEDICAL PAPYRI

23. • Deals with ailments, disease, the structure of the body, and supposed remedies used
to heal these afflictions.
• Ophthalmologic
• Gynecology
• Muscle
• Tendon
• Disease of children
RAMESSEUM MEDICAL PAPYRI

24. RAMESSEUM MEDICAL PAPYRI
• It divided into part 3,4 and 5 and written in vertical columns.
• Papyrus 4 deals with the same issue to the kahun gyneoloical apyrus such as labor,
the protection of the new born.
• Part 5 contains numerous prescription dealing with the relaxation of limbs.

25. LONDON MEDICAL PIPARI (1300BC)

26. LONDON MEDICAL PYPARI
• Contains 61 recipies
• Contains treatment of skin complaints, eye complaints, eye complaints, bleeding.

27. BRUGSCH PAPYRUS (1350
1200 BC)

28. BRUGSCH PAPYRUS
• contents deals with contraception and fertility tests.

29. CARLSBERG PAPYRUS (1ST
CENTURY AD)

30. CARLSBERG PAPYRUS

31. CARLSBERG PAPYRUS
• it focuses mainly on treatment for eye diseases and pregnancy.
• Medical specialty
Obstetrics & gynecology
Medicine
Pediatrics & ophthalmology

32. CHESTER BEATTY MEDICAL
PAPYRUS (1200 BC)

33. CHESTER BEATTY MEDICAL PAPYRUS

34. CHESTER BEATTY MEDICAL PAPYRUS
• It is dedicated to magical incantations against headaches and remedies
for anorectal ailments.

35. BROOKLYN PAPYRUS (450 BC)

36. BROOKLYN PAPYRUS

37. BROOKLYN PAPYRUS
• deals only with snakes and scorpion bites, and the formula to drive out the poison
of such animals.

38. ERMAN PAPYRUS (1600 BC)

39. ERMAN PAPYRUS
• It is mostly concerned with childbirth and the health of infants.
• containing two prescriptions for unknown childhood diseases and a number of
magical incantations for childbirth and the protection of infants.

40. ACACIA
Scientific name: acacia
Family: Fabaceae
Useable part: seeds

41. ACACIA IN ANCIENT EGYPT
• Derived from acacia tree
• Used for gastrointestinal and urinary tract infection.
• Called tree of life.

42. METHOD
• It was mixed with boiling water to form a mucilage and provided a soothing coating
to the digestive tract, especially in case of gastritis and ulcer.

43. ACACIA IN ANCIENT EGYPT
Osiris

44. CORIANDER
Scientific name: Coriandrum sativum
Family : Apiaceae
Useable part: seed or whole plant

45. CORIANDER IN ANCIENT EGYPT
• It is the first herb mentioned in ancient scripts.
• Egyptian name is kuzbarah.

46. FENUGREEK
Scientific name: Trigonella foenum-
graecum
Family: Fabaceae
useable part: seeds

47. FENUGREEK IN ANCIENT EGYPT
• Known today in Egypt as helba.
• It was used to ease childbirth and to increase milk flow.
• Mother taking fenugreek usually notice an increase in milk flow with in 3 days.
• it was used by Egyptian women to ease menstrual pain and problems.
• Hey girl are you using fenugreek as a facial mask?

48. GARLIC
Scientific name: Allium sativum
Family: amaryllidaceae
Useable part: bulb

49. GARLIC IN ANCIENT EGYPT
• In ancient Egypt, the workers who had to build the great pyramids were fed their
daily share of garlic to give them the vitality and strength to carry on and perform
well.
• used to treat coughs by placing extracts from the plant in the patient's bath or in
water used for steam inhalations.
• Raw garlic was also routinely given to asthmatics and to those suffering from
bronchial-pulmonary complaints

50. ONION
Scientific name: Allium cepa
Family: amaryllidaceae

51. ONION IN ANCIENT EGYPT
• The Ancient Egyptians worshipped it, believing that its spherical shape and
concentric rings symbolized eternal life.
• Onions were eaten to help combat heart diseases, inhibit strokes and lower
cholesterol.

52. CARAWAY
Scientific name: (Carum carvi)
Family: apiaceae
Useable part: seed

53. CARAWAY IN ANCIENT EGYPT
the seeds of this herb were considered useful in strengthening the functions of stomach, and
relieving intestinal gases.

54. CASTOR OIL
Scientific name: Ricinus communis
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Useable part: bean

55. CASTOR OIL IN ANCIENT EGYPT
• Egyptian doctors used castor oil to protect the eyes from irritation and dryness.

56. THANK YOU
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