Whitbread Plc And Change Management Essay

Whitbread Plc and Change Management Essay
Traditionally a vertically integrated brewing company, Whitbread (WB) had to face a new market
situation in 1992. Anti–monopoly regulations limited the company's opportunities to profit from
economies of scale and further growth opportunities in the beer industry. As a consequence, WB
proactively started to diversify and grow a leisure division that was successfully headed by Dean
Thomas, who was appointed CEO in 1997. At that time, it seemed clear to outsiders that the beer
business would not be profitable in the long–run. However, Thomas adhered to WB's legacy and
tried to close a huge deal to acquire new pubs. Only after the deal had failed, which triggered a
severe company crisis (WB's stock price crashed, Thomas' reputation and ... Show more content on
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He neither intervened nor did he draw any personnel consequences when the managing directors of
two divisions refused to cooperate and he also failed to cope with the well–known problems of the
restaurant division and didn't push its manager to take necessary steps for restructuring the unit.
Although Thomas succeeded to effectively change WB's portfolio of business, he did not succeed to
develop and communicate a clear strategic vision for the whole group and each divisions operated
more or less independently without achieving any synergies. In 2001, Thomas realized that he had
underestimated the power of a strong and unifying group vision and initiated the "Strategic Fitness
Process" (SFP), which was intended to engage both management and employees in the necessary
organizational and cultural change. However, he deviated from the SFP process suggested by
external consultants and eliminated essential steps, which would have forced the management team
to collectively discuss the strategic intent of the company and to jointly develop an action plan. This
can be interpreted as perceptual barrier of Thomas, because he did not realize that it wasn't only him
who had to drive the change, it was also his managers and employees. Especially the latter were
very passionate, but at the same time disappointed by the missing strategic direction and leadership
skills. Subsuming, it can
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Effective Management Of Organisations, Facilities And...
Introduction The aim of this easy is to describe the effective management of organisations, facilities
and activities are essential if business objectives are to be achieved in a sustainable manner. David
Lloyd Leisure ', is a privately owned business possessed by the main recreation facilitator
Whitbread. Despite the fact that David Lloyd Leisure has been in vicinity since 1980, the brand
genuinely happened to age in 1995, when Whitbread acquired the name for £200 million. In the
meantime then it has created from 16 clubs to 45 and has even started to control abroad markets,
with the opening of its Dublin club in October 2000. Working at the premium end of the dynamic
recreation market, David Lloyd Leisure, is yet hesitantly non–elitist. The sheer breadth of offices
and the bundles offered is unmatched in wearing, prosperity and wellness fragments. The David
Lloyd Mission Statement is brief and is uncovered in the larger part of its core interests. 'Our ability
inside the prosperity and wellness fragment is unequalled. David Lloyd Leisure has been working
productive clubs inside the UK for just about a quarter century, picking up data and experience over
this timeframe to create masters who are trusted by our people to care for their prosperity, wellness
and unwinding needs. ' 'Our lively and dependable staff are all unpretentious to your individual
needs and our reasoning 'Each part is our most imperative client '– guarantees we offer prosperity
and wellness your way.

Project Plan for Whitbread World Sailboat Race Essay
Project Plan for Whitbread World Sailboat Race The following paper analyzes the Whitbread World
Sailboat Race case scenario presented at the end of chapter 9 in the Gray and Larson text, Project
Management: the Managerial Process. The project encompasses two main objectives; one, design,
build and test a new vessel, and two, select and train a crew capable of winning the race. Both
objectives must be completed within 45 weeks, the start of the race, and with a planned budget of
$3.2 million. Initial projections show that the current schedule will take 50 weeks to finish with a
final budget estimate of $3.152 million. Although the project estimate comes in under budget, the
time frame for completion extends beyond the acceptable 45 ... Show more content on
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The team leaders' projections show that the cost of starting the race under normal circumstances
would be $3,152,000 (see table 2), however, normal conditions also dictate that the project will
require 50 weeks to finish. As with any solid plan, the team leaders have also calculated crash times
and costs as backup options in case the project experiences delays, or in this circumstance an
imposed deadline; the start of the race 45 weeks from now. Analyzing crash times and costs we see
that if each activity were crashed the project could be finished in 42 weeks, however, the budget
would skyrocket to $4.952 million (see table 5). Therefore, the team will need to analyze the project
network and its critical path to determine which individual activities can be crashed while
maintaining the integrity of the budget. Plan to Reduce Project Duration Before deciding which
activities should be crashed, Bjorn and his team first need to have a clear understanding of the
project's priorities. To do this the team has first defined the project's scope and decided to develop a
project priority matrix. Defining the project scope sets the stage for developing a plan and its
primary purpose is to define as clearly as possible the deliverables and to focus project plans (Gray
& Larson, 2006). The team has

Management Strategies of Costa Coffee
Table of Contents TOC o "1–3" h z u HYPERLINK l "_Toc334650418" 1.0 Introduction PAGEREF
_Toc334650418 h 3 HYPERLINK l "_Toc334650419" 1.1 Company overview PAGEREF
_Toc334650419 h 3 HYPERLINK l "_Toc334650420" 1.2 PESTEL Analysis PAGEREF
_Toc334650420 h 4 HYPERLINK l "_Toc334650421" 1.2.1 Political trends. PAGEREF
_Toc334650421 h 4 HYPERLINK l "_Toc334650422" 1.2.2 Economic trends. PAGEREF
_Toc334650422 h 5 HYPERLINK l "_Toc334650423" 1.2.3 Socio–cultural trends. PAGEREF
_Toc334650423 h 5 HYPERLINK l "_Toc334650424" 1.2.4 Technological trends. PAGEREF
_Toc334650424 h 6 HYPERLINK l "_Toc334650425" 1.2.5 Environmental trends. PAGEREF
_Toc334650425 h 7 HYPERLINK l "_Toc334650426" 1.2.6 Legal trends. PAGEREF
_Toc334650426 h 8 HYPERLINK l "_Toc334650427" 1.3 Porter's Five Forces Analysis PAGEREF
_Toc334650427 h 8 HYPERLINK l "_Toc334650428" 1.3.1 Intensity of rivalry among existing
competitors. PAGEREF _Toc334650428 h 8 HYPERLINK l "_Toc334650429" 1.3.2 Threat of new
entrants. PAGEREF _Toc334650429 h 9 HYPERLINK l "_Toc334650430" 1.3.3 Threat of
substitutes. PAGEREF _Toc334650430 h 9 HYPERLINK l "_Toc334650431" 1.3.4 Bargaining
power of buyers. PAGEREF _Toc334650431 h 9 HYPERLINK l "_Toc334650432" 1.3.5
Bargaining power of suppliers. PAGEREF _Toc334650432 h 10 HYPERLINK l "_Toc334650433"
2.0 Strategic capability: Internal analysis PAGEREF _Toc334650433 h 11 HYPERLINK l
"_Toc334650434" 2.1 Foundation of strategic capabilities PAGEREF

Developing And Implementing Strategies For Establish...
One framework used to facilitate teachers in developing and implementing strategies to establish
parent involvement is known as BRIDGES; BRIDGES stands for Build, Recruit, Individualize,
Dialogue, Generate, Empower, and Strengthen. During the building stage, teachers establish
meaningful connections with parents based on the foundation of trust and understanding. These
meaningful connections can be made through monthly newsletter, weekly progress reports, utilizing
a communication log, and soliciting parent feedback. Staples and Dilierto (2010) suggested
developing a communication system that included daily parent–teacher journal, weekly newsletters,
monthly phone calls, and quarterly IEP related activities (p. 60). During the recruit stage, teachers
survey parents to gather information and parent by–in. Sawyer (2015) suggested if all parents have
computer and internet access to create a class web page and forum where parents can ask questions
and make comments regarding class activities and school events (p. 173). Also during the recruit
stage, teachers will need to gather information regarding parent communication needs: test message,
email, phone, and in person preferences (Sawyer, 2015, p. 174; Staples & Diliberto, 2010, p. 60).
Effective communication and collaboration strategies to promote partnerships with families and
provide comprehensive support for students was also supported in the article "Teachers + Families =
Success for All Students" (Ludlow, 2012, p. 4).

Business Structure Characteristics. Whitbread Structure...
The following report consists of two parts; PART A identifies Whitbread's main business
information users (or, stakeholders), based on the information provided on their website. In contrast,
PART B analyses different types of business structures and determines the pros and cons of
Whitbread being a PLC. Tables and bulleting are used throughout the text to convey a vast volume
of information in the given scope.
–PART A–
1. MAIN BUSINESS INFORMATION USERS AND THEIR NEEDS – KEY WHITBREAD'S
STAKEHOLDERS
Business information can be used for a variety of reasons, depending on stakeholders and their
needs. The following table presents a concise analysis of external and internal business information
users. Further, it identifies ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The below table compares and contrasts business structures on the basis of the most common issues,
naming: taxation, liability, risk and control, continuity of existence, transferability and expense and
formality (Quickmba, n.d.). Also, you will notice that in the table the similarities are extended from
one structure to the other, while differences are kept in separate cells. | Sole Proprietor | General
Partnership | LLP | LTD | PLC | Ownership | Owned by individual | Owned by partners in line with
their partnership agreement | Owned by shareholders in line with their shares | | | Formed by 2 – 20
partners; | Must have designated members | Up to 50 shareholders | From 7 shareholders, no max. |
Taxation | Taxed on incomes and gains up to 40% | Corporation tax on their income and profits
(normally 20%) | | Treated as self–employed | Partners are taxed on their share of the profits |
Usually not liable for Corporation Tax | | Public Disclosure | Not necessary | Must file its annual
accounts at Companies House after financial year end | | | Within 9 months | Within 9 months | Must
present its accounts to an AGM within 6 months | Liability | Personal liability – unlimited (all debts
and obligations) | Personal liability is limited to their investment | Risk and control | The owner has
full control, but the risk is high | All the risks, but also control over

With Reference to the Measurement of Tangible Non-Current...
University of Hertfordshire | 6BUS1003 – Advanced Corporate Reporting | With reference to the
measurement of tangible non–current assets, critically evaluate whether financial statements
prepared using IFRS's provide useful information. Use specific examples from the annual reports of
FTSE 100 companies to illustrate your points. | | | 3rd December, 2012 |
Word Count: 2004 |
As the business environment grows and companies find new ways to expand into their respective –
or even new – markets, it is important that reporting standards stay up to date with changes and
continue to assist companies in providing their users with useful accounting information.
Information is labelled as being useful when it meets the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
With the product it produces and the machine itself being so unique it would be very difficult to
reliably measure how long this will last. Even conveying this scenario to independent industry
experts would not result in anything more than judgment and estimates due to its distinctiveness.
This is one key problem area with IFRSs; it is principles based which means that rather than
following a solid set of rules, accountants use their own judgment.
Furthermore, by adopting a historical cost approach the assets will be depreciated over that useful
life which has been estimated. With the useful life of an asset being so subjective it is hard to
apportion a useful figure to depreciation. By increasing the useful life of an asset you are effectively
spreading the depreciation expense over a longer period of time resulting in lower depreciation
expenses and vice versa. In fact, Zheng et al. (2012) go one step further and consider depreciation to
be a strategy for managers to manipulate profits.
In addition to affecting profits by adjusting useful life and depreciation; key ratios will also be
affected. The net profit margin can be influenced both ways to fit the purpose of business strategy. It
could be increased to make it seem more profitable, or it can be influenced in a negative way to
write off as much expenses as possible – if the year held disappointing results – in order to show
next year more positively in comparison.
Return on non–current assets can

Costa Coffee Executive Summary
1
The Marketing Profession
Coursework Header Sheet 191290–15
Course Coursework Tutor
MARK1105: The Marketing Profession Group Work R Lewis
Course School/Level Assessment Weight Submission Deadline
BU/UG 30.00% 28/03/2012
Coursework is receipted on the understanding that it is the student's own work and that it has not, in
whole or part, been presented elsewhere for assessment. Where material has been used from other
sources it has been properly acknowledged in accordance with the University's Regulations
regarding Cheating and Plagiarism.
000615153 000668250 000675498 000668575 Tutor's comments
Sundus Aden Fatme Bostandzhieva Antoaneta Yordanova Elena Docheva
Grade Awarded___________ ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
That is why Costa Coffee is determined as a main competitor of BESO.
4
5
The Marketing Profession
4. SWOT and PEST analysis 4.1. SWOT analysis
Strengths Efficient and trained staff Customer loyalty Brand recognition High quality coffee
Friendly and relaxing atmosphere for our customers. Weaknesses Limited number of outlets Low

levels of advertisement Interior design needs updating More range of the types of coffee available.
Continual change in consumer taste Can be seen as an unhealthy product
Opportunities Based in Central London which covers a large demographic of customers Olympics
2012 will bring in more sales Introduction of new products including healthy options. Retailing
mugs and coffee equipment
Threats Customers demanding fair–trade and organic coffee. Big chain coffee shops dominating the
market. Economic issues and crisis Lack of ownership of primary resources e.g. Coffee farming.
4.2. PEST analysis
There are many different Political, Economic, Social and Technological issues that both our
company and also Costa Coffee face within the coffee industry. Firstly, the first political issue to
consider is that majority of coffee beans are brought and made in developing countries, so
companies need to ensure that their coffee is made by fair–trade dealers and they need to consider
the ethical conditions of the labor used. Another political issue includes

Beowulf Is Not Your Average Viking Warrior
"The hero observed the swamp–thing from hell, the tarn–hag in all her terrible strength, then heaved
his war–sword and swung his arm: the decorated blade came down ringing and singing on her head.
But soon he found his battle–torch extinguished; the shining blade refused to bite." (1518–1523).
Few images in medieval literature capture masculinity as well as the sword. Its phallic shape and use
of dealing harm by penetrating your foe make it the ultimate allusion to the male anatomy. However,
in this battle between Grendel's mother and Beowulf, our hero's sword cannot seem to perform its
intended function. This failed display of masculinity by Beowulf is only one of many that suggest
that he is not your average Viking warrior. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Beowulf's gender–nonconformity is poorly justified by the Beowulf poet representing him as almost
a Jesus Christ figure. There are several ways that Beowulf serves as a working Christ figure. He
saves people's lives, is chaste as far as we know and he even has a posse of twelve that follow him
around. This allusion to Jesus is further solidified in the ending of the epic poem where Beowulf is
betrayed by his "apostles" who allow him to fight the dragon mostly alone. Beowulf saying "this
fight is not yours, nor is it up to any man except me..." (2533–2534), is essentially the same as how
Jesus alone had to die to free man from sin. However, this Christianization of Beowulf is just an
attempt for people to understand why Beowulf never had any sexual relations with a woman. By
constant comparison to Jesus, who also abstained from sex, Beowulf's abstinence is normal.
However, this is not the case, it is instead an example of Catholicism making things confusing. It
doesn't make sense to have so much symbolism alluding to the fact that Beowulf is queer while
simultaneously alluding to him as a Christ figure. Therefore, Beowulf must have been changed by
the Beowulf poet or simply over the years of people telling the poem by word of mouth to fit better
into Catholicism.
During the fight with Grendel's mother, Beowulf performs emasculating actions which are
discounted by the fact that

Hazard And Risk Management : Premier Inn
Hazard and Risk Management
Premier Inn
The story of Whitbread PLC started in 1742, a period that Samuel Whitbread set up the first
brewery. Eight year later, Whitbread PLC migrated to Chiswell Street in London and became the
first huge brewery across Britain. In addition, Whitbread PLC was a famous brand in brewery sector
up to 2001 when it sold off its brewery (Bill, 2007). Whitbread PLC diversified in various sectors
such as wines and spirits but later concentrated its operations on hotels and restaurants (Bill, 2007).
Premier Inn is a famous brand of Whitbread PLC other brands are Taybarns, Table Table, Brewers
Fayre, Costa Coffee among others. Premier Inn is United Kingdom's biggest hotel with an
occupancy rate of more than 80 percent in over 590 hotels and more than 43,000 rooms in UK and
Ireland. The hotel is strategically located because most of the hotel's brands are found on major
routes and street. By and large, Premier Inn brand pledge is all about giving customers "a good
sleep". Moreover, Premier is award winning hotel with a geographical spread that facilitates roughly
75 percent of United Kingdom's population (Bill, 2007). The hotels bedrooms are constructed in a
manner that all have internet connectivity, television and bathroom. All the hotel's brands have a bar
as well as a restaurant, in the hotel or adjacent to it, which offers and serves different dishes. These
facilities and services are provided at affordable rates. Premier Inn is expanding globally

Theme Of Imperialism In Virginia Woolf
Another text that tackles the issue of colonization and comments on the Empire is Virginia Woolf's
Mrs. Dalloway. While this theme is centred in Conrad's novella, Woolf's critique of imperialism is
implicit. As it is set in June 1923, the novel bypasses the glory of the British Empire as it faces its
crumbling power as the aftermath of World War I. Woolf presents London embroiled in a political
and social turmoil. It is important to contextualise the historical setting of the novel as it signifies a
time of transition and change as with the decline of the Empire's power after the war, England saw a
rise of the Labour Party, increased agency of women and restructuring of the nation. Although there
is no overt statement against the practices ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Characters like Peter Walsh, Sally Seton and finally, Clarissa Dalloway are centred in the novel as
they highlight conflicting views of imperialism and the British empire. According to Elleke
Boehmer, "in Virginia Woolf, empire is invariably associated with self–delusion, purblindness and, a
self–destructive reality" (211) which is apparent in Mrs. Dalloway. Clarissa is centred in the novel as
the embodiment of the upper–class, repression and denial. She refuses to confront the reality of the
post–war world and instead, she chooses to occupy herself with parties. Her husband, Richard
Dalloway is a conservative politician who himself refuses to engross himself with the thoughts of
war and imperialism as he justifies it based on the idea of progress and development. He holds on to
the romanticised image of colonialism that brings civilisation and light to uncivilised countries.
There is also an awareness in the upper–class of their diminishing status. The detached emotional
state of the upper–class thus becomes a way to cling to their temporary and short–lived power.
Richard's aspiration to historically document the Bruton family's life is halted by Lady Bruton

Costa Coffee Article
CASE STUDY: COSTA EXPRESS The brief Millions depend on the hot jolt of java a perfect elixir
to jumpstart their day. Coffee now an essential part of the busy fast life helps to keep us functioning
and match the pace. In this age of quick fixes, a perfect flavorsome cup of coffee also will no longer
need waiting. Costa Coffee plans to introduce 'coffee on the go'. Whitbread the parent company for
Costa has acquired self–service coffee chain Coffee Nation and plans to launch a new brand, Costa
Express, with a view to target the self–serve coffee bar sector. Andy Harrison, the Chief executive of
Whitbread comments, "Customers increasingly want great–tasting coffee on the go, which makes
the self–serve coffee market very ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The challenging task that arises with this expansion is how Costa will drive traffic towards these
stand–alone self–service coffee machines. The popular belief that coffee from vending machines
lacks quality in regard to taste, hygiene & personalization in regard to the human touch might
be an area of major concern and act as a barrier to success. Costa Express needs to build a clear
communication strategy and focus on developing brand image and changing perception in regard to
quality of the product. The brand needs to assure the consumers that the product will meet the Costa
standards and experience and will save time and add to convenience thus, providing 'Great taste and
quality on the go.' The outcome Costa Express will be operating in a mature and stable market, with
the strategy of delivering the same product in a different way attending the urban consumer's needs.
The company has all the required assets and should succeed as the predominate Coffee Company. If
Costa Express follows an appropriate and targeted communication strategy they can capitalize in the
Costa brand name and image and help achieve the final expansion target making Costa Coffee the
leader in the coffee shop market. "The launch of Costa Express will quadruple the brands profit
contribution," comments

Project Plan for Whitbread World Sailboat Race
Running head: PROJECT PLAN FOR WHITBREAD WORLD SAILBOAT RACE
Project Plan for Whitbread World Sailboat Race
Adrian D Brown
University of Phoenix Project Plan for Whitbread World Sailboat Race
In several months from now, on a misty spring morning the waters around London will be invaded
by sleek designs of the latest sailboats technology has to offer. Approximately 14 countries will
converge on the United Kingdom to participate in the Whitbread World Sailboat Race. One of the
teams to participate will be lead by Trygve Wallvik, chosen helmsman to represent his country. Over
the next 45 weeks, Bjorn Ericksen will manage the task of implementing the project to design and
construct a sail boat, and train a crew to compete in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Likewise, efforts in developing a routine sailing and maintenance program can commence on the old
vessel. As this maintenance program is developed, the crew will be able to use the new equipment as
it arrives to complete development of the program. This will take about 15 weeks. When the
preliminary routines are completed, the deck will be finished, and the boat parts (accessories, mast
and seven sails) will be ready for installation. After the parts are installed and crew maintenance
training is complete, the initial sail trainings effort will parallel the boat testing effort. Finally, when
all initial training is complete, there will be 8 weeks of see trials. Based on this plan the schedule
from item M to S will take 38 weeks to complete at an approximate direct cost of $270,000. The
additional indirect expense of operating the boats will cost $ 162,000 where the old vessel cost is
$60,000, and the new vessel cost is $102,000. The final effort will be the sea trials in the new boat
will take eight weeks and have a direct cost of $200,000 and indirect cost of $48,000 for using the
boat. Based on the schedules and paths lay out, the total cost of the project is $3,200,000, this would
met the budget. Unfortunately, the schedule for the design path through sea trials will take 44 weeks,
whereas the schedule time for the crew training through the sea trials will be 46 weeks. Since the
initial two weeks were invested in cost estimates, this means

Remember Dreams Research Paper
Remembering Dreams Dreams are a series of thoughts, images, and sensations occurring in a
person's mind during sleep. Everyone dreams, whether they remember it or not. The real question is
why some people remember their dreams and others do not? The art of remembering dreams is
influenced by the first few minutes after waking, the health of a person, environmental, and
biological factors. A person has a large impact on their ability to recall dreams along with what they
dream about, even though many people do not know about this. Imagine getting into bed after a hard
day of work, your head hits the pillow and you start to drift off. This is stage one of sleeping, similar
to daydreaming. Stage one is also the time in which you have ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
When waking in the morning the first thing you remember should be written down (Carson, 58–9).
A dream journal can hold our memories while they are still vivid in the mind. In fact, adding
illustrations to the diary can also be a helpful tool. After the dream journal has a fair amount of
entries a pattern may even be able to be seen. The journal may also aid the remembrance of
forgotten dreams, for instance, waking up in the morning without a memory; but while looking in
your journal deja vu occurs sparking a recollection of a possible repeated dream. There are many
factors in which impact a person's ability to recall dreams, but the first few seconds after waking are

The Relationship Between Alcohol And Unemployment
Title: Counter or pro–cyclical? Alcohol consumption and unemployment in the United Kingdom
1929 –1939.
The relationship between alcohol consumption and unemployment is of great significance both
economically and socially. Unemployment can prove costly in the short term through forgone wages
but has also been shown to have long term implications. For example, five years after permanent
layoffs, displaced workers earn ten to thirteen percent less than if the employment termination had
been avoided. Furthermore, the unemployed are said to abuse alcohol as means of coping with
financial stress and therefore may be at risk of alcohol abuse . Alcohol abuse and alcohol
dependence negatively impact society through numerous channels but arguably most significant is
the financial cost they place on the economy as a whole. It is estimated that the aggregate cost of
alcohol abuse during 1998 in the United States was $184.6 billion, amounting to approximately 2%
of GDP with lost labour earnings being the largest component .
A better understanding of the relationship between unemployment and alcohol consumption could
have major economic policy implications. If unemployment leads to increased alcohol use,
macroeconomic policy decisions intended to alleviate unemployment should also consider the
positive externalities accrued to society through a reduction in alcohol consumption. This study sets
out to establish the nature of the association between unemployment and alcohol consumed and

Changes That Affect the Economic Environment in Business
Introduction
For this task I shall explain the changes in the economic environment on the business. This may
include changes within the following,
Business cycle
Inflation
Unemployment
International trade
The business that that I will be looking at is Whitbread who own Premier Inn and Costa coffee. I
will be explaining within this task how the above may affect Whitbread and its two companies Costa
and Premier inn whether it is for the better or worse.
Business cycle
When looking at a graph of a business cycle we can expect to see increases and falls in production,
income and expenditure of a company over time. The economy of the U.K, moves from boom to
recession over time and these changes within the economy have major ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This will also affect trade as If the UK has higher inflation than competitor countries (which it isn't
now, but it has been for a lot of the last few decades) then UK prices gradually rise above imported
prices. More imports are bought, so demand leaks out of the country and leaves UK businesses in a
weak position such as Premier inn and Costa Coffee so overall inflation is not a good thing if it does
occur and will have a negative effect on Whitbread's businesses.
Unemployment
High unemployment rates especially within the countries that Whitbread operate their businesses,
Costs and Premier inn can have a great effect on business operations as high unemployment will
mean that more people will be relying on benefits for survival and as a result will be spending less,
this would in turn affect businesses such as Premier inn and costa coffee as no one will be using
their products and services which will then effect profits which would mean that they would have to
halt growth and cut staff which are all negative factors as a result. This means when Whitbread are
planning on expanding within different countries they will carefully have to look at these factors.

Since consumers have lower confidence in the strength of the economy and less to spend, demand
for products and services drops, and

Positive Behavior Support Case Study
What do you think the nurse's role should be in relation to mental health issues in the school, school
climate, and positive behavior supports for behaviorally disordered youth in the school?
The topic of "mental health" has a profound stigma in our society and it notably affects students
with disabilities. The nurses' office should be a safe place for students with behavioral issues where
they can express their somatic symptoms free from the pressures of the school setting (peers,
administrators, and teachers). Advocacy plays an enormous part in the role of the school nurse and
particularly for this population of students. At times, the nurses' office can serve to deescalate
situations by providing a safe haven for students who might find ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
An alternative to expulsion and suspension can be the implementation of School–wide Positive
Behavior Support (SWPBS) framework (Nocera, Whitbread and Nocera, 2014). It was implemented
in a low–performing middle school and it incorporated evidence–based education strategies,
improved school climate, reinforced positive student behavior, and improved overall academic
achievement (Nocera, Whitbread and Nocera, 2014). In order to change the climate of a school, it
must encompass the support of the district, administrators, staff and students. One important facet of
the school nurse is case management of conditions and orchestrating care with the school
community. This can enable the identification of students with depression, anxiety, behaviors of
self–harm and providing them and their families with proper referrals and educating staff on such
conditions. Therefore, subsiding harsh punishments and spearheading crisis management of possible
destructive behaviors.
What areas of advocacy are open to school nurses to prevent the school to prison pipeline and to
protect vulnerable students especially those with emotional

William Mcilvanney's Tartan Noir
Scottish writer William McIlvanney, best known for his detective novel "Laidlaw" called the first
book of "Tartan Noir" by some has died at 79, at his home in Glasgow on Saturday, December 5.
William Angus McIlvanney was born in Kilmarnock to a mining family on November 25, 1936. His
father was intelligent but "educated below his ability", his mother, Helen Montgomery, a rock.
McIlvanney was an English teacher before changing career in 1975 to write full time.
He gained urgent recognition with the publication of his first novel, Remedy is None, and through
other works he earned the title "Godfather of tartan noir."
He has inspired many of his successful countrymen, including Ian Rankin and Val McDermid.
Rankin, creator of the popular Rebus novels expressed his sorrow on Twitter, saying: "Dreadful
news about William McIlvanney. A truly inspired and inspiring author and an absolute gent. ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
S.
His first book, "Remedy is None," was published in 1966 and won the Geoffrey Faber Memorial
Prize in 1967.
He was also an influential poet, journalist and broadcaster, and contributed to political and sporting
life in Scotland through a series of columns and TV programmes. His brother, Hugh McIlvanney, is
also a respected journalist.
He won a number of awards, including the Whitbread Prize, the Crime Writers' Association's Silver
Dagger, the Saltire Award and the Glasgow Herald People's Prize.
He married young and his marriage ended, painfully, in divorce. (Some of that pain is evident in The
Kiln and in the Laidlaw

Essay on Marketing Strategies for Businesses
Marketing Strategies for Businesses
Introduction:
Samuel Whitbread established Whitbread plc in 1742, originally as a beer producing company.
Since then, Whitbread has moved from strength to strength incorporating wider varieties of
businesses under its wing with each growth. Today, Whitbread owns and operates some of the most
popular business in restaurants, hotels and leisure and health.
Beefeater Vision
'To make Beefeater the first choice as a great place to eat and drink.' The Lydiard Travel Inn,
Beefeater restaurant, Pub and Touchbase is situated just off junction 16 of the M4, beside the Hilton
International. It has a 150 seater Beefeater restaurant, which is open all day from breakfast for
overnight guests ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
· To asses the appropriateness of current strategies employed by the Lydiard, and to recommend
strategies for the future.
Whitbread's leading brands hold powerful positions in three of the fastest growing sectors of the
£172 billion UK leisure market – hotels, eating out, and health and fitness.
In the restaurant there are meals served from several menus. In the bar there is a wide range of beers
and real ales as well as having bar snacks available all day, every day. Within the complex there is
the
Touchbase Centre which includes 10 meeting rooms, coffee lounge, work stations and office
support. The Lydiard is available for business meetings, training courses, accommodation and food
for all the family.
Lydiard Photo
The mission statement for Whitbread which owns Beefeater is as follows and clearly outlines the
objectives for the business.
Whitbread's vision is:

"To be the customer's first choice for enjoyment as the UK's leading
Leisure Company"
The company is constantly examining its vision to ensure that it is both relevant and stretching.
They are always reviewing their mission statement to ensure that it is relevant to Whitbread in 2002.
At its heart there is the corporate aim to double the value of the company within 5 years.
The above graph shows a general trend in the amount of money being spent on eating out in the
United Kingdom.

British Masculinity In Virginia Woolf
Muskan Kapoor
Ms. Shapiro
English 220
November 27, 2017
Research Paper First Draft
Virginia Woolf criticizes the oppressive expectations British society imposes upon men. Traditional
male characters, like Sir William Bradshaw, preserve conformity in society by suppressing people
who are different from the social norms of society. Hugh Whitbread embodies the conservative
values of the British man and exemplifies this conventional image to society with his political
influence. Richard Dalloway also exemplifies traditional British masculinity as he holds a lot of
influence in society with his upper–class status in society. Dalloway, Whitbread, and Bradshaw
exemplify the authoritative and patriarchal forces of British society. A man must keep his emotions
in proportion and hold a social or political influence on society is highly associated with the role of a
man. Masculinity is defined during the late Victorian period in England as "neo–Spartan virility as
exemplified by stoicism, hardiness, and endurance" (1). A proper Englishman was a man who
controlled his emotions and was in proportion to self–control. These characters resemble the
idealistic values British society has on masculinity ad the aspect of traditional gender performance.
In Mrs. Dalloway, Virginia Woolf criticizes the conventional male characters who preserve the
authority of patriarchy in society and idealize conforming to the gender stereotypes.
Dr. Bradshaw preserves the expectations of British manliness by enforcing the rigid definition of an
ideal Englishman. Englishmen must appear orderly and be in control of any circumstance. Their
emotions must be in proportion. As a result of the power and influence Bradshaw holds, Bradshaw is
able to enforce the false nature of masculinity and impose the conforming gender roles. Septimus
Smith, for example, does not withhold the rigid definition of the proper Englishman. His inability to
fulfill the gender expectations deprecates and expostulates him in society. Septimus has been
marginalized also because of his threat to kill himself. As suicide was illegal in England and
Septimus' act of contemplating suicide is cured by removing him from society until he is in
proportion with his gender role as a man

Value of Mission Statements: Comparrison of Whitbread and...
A mission statement should focus on goals, clarify issues and outline visions and objectives. It
should communicate the essence of the company to the employees, shareholders and to the public
(Hassan, M 1988). Similar to this, Doyle (1998) points out, that a mission statement describes the
purpose of the business and its essential characters.
A company without a mission statement is like the Cheshire Cat in Alice in Wonderland described;
"If you don't know where you're going, it doesn't matter which way you go."
Most large corporations produce a "mission statement" to give a clear indication of the fundamental
aims of the organisation. Whitbread and Headwater are two of those who established a mission
statement.
Since 1985, Headwater ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Headwater write "To exceed customer expectations at all times" and Whitbread "We listen to our
customers, anticipate their needs and aim to deliver levels of service which are ahead of their
expectations". Both companies not only want to satisfy their customers, they want to exceed their
expectations. Why is it so important?
Doyle (1998), explains as follows "Customers can choose from whom they buy, and unless the firm
satisfies them at least as well as competitors, sales and profit will quickly erode. More companies
are putting at the top of their agenda winning and retaining customers via increasing customer
satisfaction." In the statement of Whitbread it is additionally mentioned that they listen to their
customers. Murray and O'Driscoll (1996) outline that it is a challenge to the producer to respond to
customers' needs, and competition between producers is based on their success in understanding and
fulfilling those customers' needs.
A second similarity is that both companies focus on their staff and working environment. For
Whitbread it is the most important element. Teamwork seems to be a keyword in both statements. Is
this coincidental?
Murray and O'Driscoll (1996) cite that if integrators and specialists are the building blocks of the
successful marketing organisation, teams and teamwork are the binding mortar. While teamwork is
important within each function and specialism, the distinguishing feature of the marked–focused

Whitbread World Sailboat Race
Project Plan for Whitbread World Sailboat Race The following paper analyzes the Whitbread World
Sailboat Race case scenario presented at the end of chapter 9 in the Gray and Larson text, Project
Management: the Managerial Process. The project encompasses two main objectives; one, design,
build and test a new vessel, and two, select and train a crew capable of winning the race. Both
objectives must be completed within 45 weeks, the start of the race, and with a planned budget of
$3.2 million. Initial projections show that the current schedule will take 50 weeks to finish with a
final budget estimate of $3.152 million. Although the project estimate comes in under budget, the
time frame for completion extends beyond the acceptable 45 ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Table 1 shows the Whitbread World Sailboat Race priority matrix as described above. With clear
expectations of which activities take precedence, the Bjorn project team can then analyze the
various events to determine which can be crashed and the additional costs associated with doing so.
This analysis should be done prior to finalizing the project network because not all events will be
crashed in order to keep costs to a minimum. Placing the events in a Gantt chart will help clarify and
organize the events, the order in which they will occur, as well as any preceding activities that must
be accomplished. Table 5 shows the project 's normal conditions, their timeframes and associated
costs. As noted, normal conditions require 50 weeks to complete and therefore, cannot be used.
Table 6 is a similar chart showing the project under ultimate crash conditions. As mentioned earlier,
the project can be accomplished in as little as 42 weeks if every activity is crashed. This scenario is
not desired however, because the project 's budget then approaches $5 million in associated costs,
over 50% beyond the original allotted expenditure. To arrive at the optimal schedule, Bjorn and his
team must consider which activities to accomplish using normal conditions and which activities to
crash that keeps the budget to a minimum. To accomplish this, using table 2 we first notice that
activities C, E, G, H, N, O, and P cannot be crashed and therefore,

Sugary Food Should Be Taxed
Obesity is a world – wide issue that has detrimental effects on society and those that suffer from it.
Due to the links from consumption of sugary food and beverages and obesity has led countries such
as Hungary and France to implement sugar taxes. I personally support the idea of having sugary and
unhealthy foods or beverages taxed. Throughout the course of this report I will analyse both sides of
the argument; both for and against sugar taxes.
Paragraph in favor of a "Sugar Tax".
Many different goods and services are taxed, some that are not necessarily 'harmful' to the
environment so why shouldn't sugary foods be taxed? Sugary foods have detrimental effects on
those not only who consume it, but also society. In the case of an implemented

Whitbread World Sailboat Race Essay
University of Phoenix Terry Norris January 20, 2008 Project Plan for Whitbread World Sailboat
Race This paper analyzes the Whitbread World Sailboat Race case scenario presented in chapter 9 in
the Gray and Larson text, Project Management: the Managerial Process. The Whitbread World
Sailboat Race is a nine month round the world race. Bjorn Ericksen has been chosen by his country
to head up the project of getting a boat and a team ready for the race. The objectives of the project
are to design, build and test a new vessel and select and train a crew capable of winning the race.
The objectives must be completed within 45 weeks, the start of the race, and with a planned budget
of $3.2 million. Initial projections show that the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Analyzing crash times and costs we see that if each activity were crashed the project could be
finished in 42 weeks, however, the budget would skyrocket to $4.952 million. Therefore, the team
will need to analyze the project network and its critical path to determine which individual activities
can be crashed while maintaining the integrity of the budget and the duration of the project. Plan to
Reduce Project Duration Initial projections show that the current schedule will take 50 weeks to
finish with a final budget estimate of $3.152 million. Although the project estimate comes in under
budget, the time frame for completion extends beyond the acceptable 45 weeks. Before deciding
which activities should be crashed, Bjorn and his team first need to have a clear understanding of the
project's priorities. To do this the team has first defined the project's scope and decided to develop a
project priority matrix. Defining the project scope sets the stage for developing a plan and its
primary purpose is to define as clearly as possible the deliverables and to focus project plans (Gray
& Larson, 2005). The team has stated the project's objectives, defined deliverables, established
milestones and technical requirements, which help define the project's scope and establish priorities.
With the imposed deadline, completion of the project on time should be the project's top priority and
thus becomes the

What Is The Theme Of The Poem And Death Shall Have No...
What motivates poets to write? Is it their life experiences or their observations? There is no definite
answer to this question since different poets use different techniques and ideologies to approach a
poem. In poems such as "Death shall have no dominion", the poet doesn't necessarily have to
experience death in order to write about it. We, as readers can only know the intention of the poet by
reading the poem itself. Some of the poems to which I am going to answer this question are :
"Wind" by John Donne, "Death Shall Have No Dominion" by Dylan Thomas and "" by
Ted Hughes was an English poet and a children's writer. He was ranked as one of the "best poets of
his generation" and also served as Poet Laureate (an honorary position appointed by the monarch of
the United Kingdom) ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In lines such as "Strapped to a wheel.....shall not break", he says that the human spirit is stronger
than its physical counterpart. He emphasizes on the fact that "they" won't break under torture. He
also tends to repeat the line "And Death Shall Have No Dominion" in the beginning and towards the
end of each stanza. He does this in order to emphasize on the fact that death shall and will never
have dominion over human's lives and that humans are the ones who decide when they should die.
From the beginning till the end of the poem, Dylan maintains a positive and a motivating tone. In
the line "With the man in the wind.....the west moon", Dylan uses one of his most characteristic
devices: the transferred epithet. This helps to create a new image from the "man in the moon and the
west wind". Since the sun rises in the east and sets in the west, we can assume that the west moon
means the arrival of death or night. Dylan doesn't have any rhyme scheme in this poem and has
fragmented lines. He tends to finish off his sentence in the latter part of the poem (the next

Ansoff Matrix Of Globalization
Globalization refers to the economic integration of the countries all over the world. The
globalization of an enterprise means that the production and management activities of an enterprise
are not limited to a country, but an objective phenomenon and development process facing the world
economy. The main purpose is to combine the international market, to combine production factors,
to achieve product sales, in order to maximize profits. The aim of this essay is to evaluate different
strategies that businesses can adapt to respond to issues of globalization and change. For the purpose
of this essay, we will expose Whitbread and Target.
One model that businesses can adopt is Ansoff Matrix. I will analyze the strategy of Target in
Canada by Ansoff matrix.
As a strategy, most companies have acknowledged that customers run after brand, but not products;
as a result, they sell brand prior to the product. Target sells its brand before its product, and its brand
has become a household name in the market. However, things have turn upside down in Canada,
Target business failed in just two years in Canada. When Target entered the Canadian market at the
beginning, they are facing a lot of competitors, such as Walmart and the local retail enterprises in
Canada.
According to public information, Target stores in the Canadian market is mainly located in the
suburbs, the surrounding consumer is less, coupled with the expensive price, inevitably will miss
more consumers, so that the

The Grapes Of Wrath And Virginia Woolf 's Mrs. Dalloway
The mid twentieth century represents a turbulent period of history in the western world– from the
devastating effects of the Great Depression that began in 1929 to the bloodshed of World War II,
people were forced to adapt to unfamiliar and changing circumstances. The effects of these events
were especially felt in the United States and Britain, and the two countries set the scene for John
Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath and Virginia Woolf's Mrs. Dalloway. The Grapes of Wrath recounts
the tale of the Joad family, farm owners who, after being forced off their land by big business, head
west to California in search of work only to find discrimination and further hardship. Their story
exemplifies the struggles faced by low–income families unequipped to deal with the changing
reality of the American economy and reveals the nature of big business and unregulated capitalism.
At first glance, it seems that Mrs. Dalloway tells a very different story. Clarissa Dalloway, a wealthy
London woman, is spending her day planning one of her extravagant parties. Although its characters
are not struggling to find their next meal, through a stream–of–consciousness style and an array of
unique and complex characters the novel tackles many of the same problems seen in The Grapes of
Wrath. As these two nations face and recover from their respective crises, Steinbeck's The Grapes of
Wrath and Woolf's Mrs. Dalloway highlight the changing ways in which the American and British
people interact with

Mrs. Dalloway, The Minor Characters, Hugh Whitbread And...
In Mrs. Dalloway, Woolf crafts the minor characters, Hugh Whitbread and Miss Kilman, to
symbolize the stereotypes of the different social classes. Hugh Whitbread functions as the
embodiment of British aristocratic traditions and ideals while Miss Kilman embodies the lower
class. Woolf characterizes Whitbread as a pompous man who is always well dressed, and characters
such as Sally Seton observes that Hugh "represented all that was most detestable in British middle–
class life...He was a perfect specimen of the public school type, she said. No country but England
could have produced him...Hugh was the greatest snob–the most obsequious" (73). Woolf utilizes
Whitbread as a figure for the upper class' worst characteristics by being hypocritical, vain, and
snobbish, but Woolf also highlights the negative qualities of the lower class through Miss Kilman. In
a reflection about Miss Kilman, Clarissa notes how "insensitive was she, dressed in a green
mackintosh coat...making you feel her superiority, your inferiority; how poor she was; how rich you
were" (14). Woolf writes Miss Kilman as the representative of the poor's hatred for the upper class
because she resents and envies their freedom from struggles and hardships. Steinbeck similarly
examines the poor's resentment of the upper class through the interactions between the migrant
farmers and the upper class. Steinbeck captures the ire of the migrants at the wastefulness and
selfishness of the upper class by showing that "in the

Business Analysis : Hotel & Restaurant
We look the two business lines in more details. Hotel & restaurant line dominants Whitbread 's
business. Based on company data, the hotel & restaurant segment yields a considerably higher pre–
tax operating profit than Costa. However Costa is growing much faster in recent 5 years. In response
to customers ' welcoming, Costa contributes more to the group 's total earnings than before. Revenue
distributions by business is shown in Figure 2:
Hotel & Restaurant business still remains as the predominant component of company 's total
revenue, with a percentage greater than 60%. But the revenue share contributed by this line slightly
decreased over the past 5 years.
Percentage of revenue generated by Costa business boosted in recent years: ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
As of FY2014, the diluted weighted average number of ordinary shares was 181.1m, which included
179.2m basic weighted average number of ordinary shares, as well as 1.9m from Effect of dilution –
share options .
In response to an increasing profit as well as investors ' confidence on Whitbread, its share price
performance was positive over the last 5 years. A share price chart (2010 – 2014) is shown as
follows:
Heavily affected by the financial crisis, share price dropped to £7.5 per share in 2009.
Share price recovered quickly in recent years; Whitbread is now priced at around £40 per share,
which is double of pre–crisis share price. (Assume pre–crisis is mid–2007)
Whitbread not only increased in its share price over the past 5 years, it also continuously raised its
earnings per share for its shareholders. The following graph (Figure 5) indicates its earnings per
share from 2010 to 2014:
EPS continued to grow during the period of 2010 to 2014
Based on latest data, growth rate of EPS are below: 20% in FY2014, 11% in FY2013, 15% in
FY2012, and 20% in FY2011.
Whitbread conducted several acquisition deals from 2009 until now. (See in Figure 6)
In 2011, Costa acquired Coffee Nation that owns 900 self–service coffee machines. Fresh milk and
freshly–ground coffee that used in those vending machines are the attractive tags for 'on–the–go '
customers. Costa bought this company to open its self–service coffee machine business – Costa
Express. As of FY

Identify, Analyze and Discuss Strategic Issues for Costa...
Subject:
Identify, analyze and discuss Strategic issues for Costa according to the Resource based view (RBV)
and its core competences.
Because the past decades have witnessed the rise of ultra–competitive markets, companies have
strived to find efficient ways to differentiate themselves from their competitors. Consequently, a
growing interest was granted as to how firm resources should be managed in order to achieve
temporary competitive advantage and even sustained competitive advantage. According to an article
of software business :'The Resource–Based View (RBV) holds that firms can earn sustainable above
average returns only if they have superior resources and those resources are protected by some form
of isolating mechanism ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The only tangible asset that Costa can be really proud of is the quality of their coffee. In fact,
following a survey conducted by an independent research centre considered credible, Costa have
been able to claim that 'seven out of ten coffee lovers prefer Costa Coffee's cappuccino"! Praising
the ingredients used and the process (handmade) followed to make Costa's coffees can only
influence potential customers to come to Costa instead of one of its competitors, thus win
competitive advantage (http://www.whitbreadannualreport0809.co.uk/chief–executives–
review.aspx).
As we listen to Collis's perception of competitive advantage – 'Competitive advantage, whatever its
source, ultimately can be attributed to the ownership of a valuable resource that enables the
company to perform activities better or more cheaply than competitors.' (David J Collis, Cynthia A
Montgomery. Harvard Business Review. Boston: Jul/Aug 2008. Vol. 86, Iss. 7,8; pg. 140) – we can
see that these tangible assets don't really enable Costa to perform better than its prime competitors.
It is therefore absolutely crucial, that the resources Costa utilizes respect Barney's statement in order
to enable Costa to gain competitive advantage; a resource must be: (1) Valuable in a way that it
enables the company to conceive and implement strategies that develop its efficiency, (2) Rare, (3)
Imperfectly imitable, and (4) Non–Substitutable (Jay Barney, (1991), "Firm resources and sustained

Essay on Virginia Woolf's Mrs. Dalloway
"18 veterans commit suicide each day. 126 each week. 6,552 each year." (What). "This book deals
with a man faced by his demons from war and like the poor souls of this statistic, has thrown his life
out of a window. The book Mrs. Dalloway's Theme is to show proper balance in the lives of all
characters because Mrs. Dalloway, who chooses a life of safety with Richard, Septimus couldn't
keep stability in his life, and lady burton wants to enforce balance by sending people to Canada.
Raised by a privileged English household in 1882, writer Virginia Woolf had freethinking parents
(Adeline). Born Kensington, London, England, United Kingdom, January 25, 1882 as Adeline
Virginia Stephen never married; as an author and a journalist she went by ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Though they both questioned how their lives could have been if they had been together, they know
that in the end for Clarissa at least it was the best decision. "She would marry a prime minister and
stand at the top of a staircase; the perfect hostess." Peter Walsh said to Clarissa (Woolf, 7). Clarissa's
personality and the way she has lived her life gives off the impression to Peter that she could never
make it out of a life of being an at home wife and hostess. ."And then the horror of the moment
when someone told her at a concert. "That he had married a women met on the boat going to India!"
(Woolf, 8) The Level of depth in Clarissa heart for Peter really shines through, she feels jealous and
a little bit of loneliness knowing he has a chance to move on and settle down instead of waiting for
her to love him. The decision was final she couldn't string him along any further and keep his heart
wrapped around her finger. Charisa and Sally's: "Their kiss, given just a fraction of a paragraph in
the novel, has provoked question after question regarding Clarissa's sexuality. Regardless of what
their kiss means to various critics, it is clear what it meant to Clarissa. The kiss serves as a sort of
symbol of their affections, of their camaraderie."(Lane). This shows at one time Charisa was
adventurous but not fully comfortable with that thought and role in life. ""She felt she

Comparing Dunkin And Costa's Marketing Strategies
As coffeehouses and restaurants, Dunkin and Costa's marketing channels share the same
resemblance in how they want to approach the customers. The two companies now offer franchise
option to potential business partners, both domestic and international. Moreover, each brand adopt
different methods to increase their products' presence geographically. Therefore the distribution
method that they adopt can be considered as intensive direct distribution through multichannel–
marketing. Products are made and offer directly along with ads, leaflets, or promotional information
to customers. At the same time, both Dunkin and Costa also engage in business–to–business channel
where they depend on a network of suppliers.
At first glance, Dunkin and Costa adopt the intensive distribution strategy, using multi–channel
marketing. Both brands have opened over thousands of stores around the world. For example, in
their 2013 annual report, Dunkin' Donuts shows that they have opened 10829 Dunkin' Donuts stores
through franchisees with 7648 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In case of Dunkin' Donuts, there are two supply chains. They rely on farmers who supply them with
coffee beans, then on roasteries such as The New England Tea & Coffee Co. The second chain
consists of suppliers that supply ingredients and miscellaneous products such as The Coca–Cola
Company, or CSM Bakery Product NA., Inc. All of these products are then go to the National DCP,
LLC, which engages in purchasing, warehousing, and distribution of food and supplies, before
arriving at the franchisees both in America and certain countries around the world (Dunkin' Brands,
2013, p.7). In contrast, Costa Coffee keeps the tradition of using their own roaster in Lambeth,
London, and distributing by themselves to their stores, Costa Express Machines, or to customers
who use Costa at Home machines (Whitbread PLC, 2015,

A Theory Of Mind And The Development Of Socially Competent...
In addition, Whitbread et al believed pretend play involved skills that are associated with
"developing a theory of mind" and the development of socially competent behaviour. Piaget 1662
view supports this as he states 'One of the purest forms of symbolic thought available to young
children, dramatic play contributes strongly to their intellectual development'. It can be seen that
pretend play therefore builds upon cognition, preparing children mentally, acquiring knowledge and
understanding through thought. Furthermore, Whitbread et al explained this as "understand the
moods, emotions.. and perspectives of other people" and Robson 2006:76 also said "in their pretend
play they often include reference to thinking and mental states, and children experienced in such talk
are more mature in their later ability to mind read. From this compelling research it shows that
pretend play encourages a child to think and learn about emotions and social skills. Woods, 2007
believed children whom have well–developed imaginary skills tend to be well liked by peers and to
be seen as leaders. This is a result of their advanced communication skills, their greater capability to
take the point of others and their ability to reason through social situations. Fernyhough and Fradley
(2005) conducted a study investigating the relationship between language and play on one hundred
and twenty children aged eighteen months old. Their study showed that children who had played
symbolically exhibited a

Whitbread World Sailboat Race
Project Plan for Whitbread World Sailboat Race Project Plan for Whitbread World Sailboat Race
The Whitbread World Sailboat race will start in 45 weeks, and Bjorn Ericksen, the master
helmsman, has that much time to build a new vessel and test it, to recruit the racing crew and train
it. This project is to be managed with a budget of $3.2 million. Managing this project successfully
first requires to analyze Ericksen 's strategy, including his chief design engineer and his master
helmsman 's normal and crash estimates. Ericksen then needs to find a way to reduce the project
duration to meet the race start date deadline. Finally, Ericksen needs to develop a plan to close the
project smoothly. Developing a structured project plan, which ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Indirect costs represent overhead costs such as supervision, administration, consultants, and interest,
and cannot be associated with any particular work package or activity. These costs vary directly with
time, thus any reduction in time results in a reduction of indirect costs (Gray & Larson, 2007, p.
288). For instance, the use of the old vessel will cost $4,000 a week. Based on normal estimates, the
old vessel will be used during 15 weeks, which represents $60,000. Afterwards, the use of the new
vessel will cost $6,000 a week. Again, based on the normal estimates, it will cost Ericksen 's team
$150,000 for a 25–week period. According to the crash schedule, a reduction in the amount of time
spent using the old vessel brings the indirect costs to $48,000, and a reduction in the use of the new
vessel represents a savings of $24,000. Because indirect costs represent a significant percentage of
total project costs, reductions in project time represents very real savings. On the other hand, direct
costs represent labor, materials, equipment, and sometimes subcontractors. They are assigned
directly to a work package and activity. When project durations are imposed, such as in the racing
sailboat project, direct costs may no longer represent low–cost, efficient methods. As detailed in the
crash cost list, costs for the imposed duration date will be higher than for a project duration
developed from ideal normal times for

Whitbread PLC
Whitbread PLC is a multinational as well as diversify company which held businesses such as hotel,
coffee chain and restaurant companies. Whitbread is part of the FTSE 100 Index and can be found
on the London Stock Exchange lists. There are seven companies currently flagged under Whitbread,
namely; Costa Coffee, Premier Inn, Table Table, Beefeater Grill, Brewers Fayre, Whitbread Inns and
Taybarns. Whitbread is label as one of largest restaurant and hotel groups in Britain, providing job to
approximately 50,000 individuals alone in United Kingdom. Whitbread focus on increasing
customer loyalty and being innovative on services provided in order to build a strong brand
reputation. Besides being profitable, Whitbread leads the way of being good to the communities,
practicing responsible act towards environmentally sustainable. During the past five years,
Whitbread had been reducing the use of carbon emission, diverted waste from business chains,
invested in energy saving technologies, reducing water consumption and also providing job
particularly on apprenticeships which lead to lower unemployment rate. Ernst & Young has analysed
three megatrends which we will possibly disrupt both current or future of ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Individuals or firms who manage to seize the breakthroughs of digital technology lives the chance of
being outweighed by new entrants. Entrepreneurial activities are said to be the essence of economy
and this made global entrepreneurs rising the second megatrends in business industries. Based on
researchers, the growth of economies and country GDP remains highly dependent on entrepreneurial
activity. The activities of entrepreneur provide income, employment and supplies products or
services as value chain activities. Both public and private sector plays a significant role to
entrepreneurial

Marketing Research for Costa Cafe in order to identify who...
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Costa Coffee is one of the most famous coffee chains in the UK. It was founded in 1971 in Italy by
two Italian brothers: Sergio and Bruno Costa. Costa company which introduced the first Costa
coffee shops in the UK in the early 1980`s, had as a main objective to create and serve the finest
authentic Italian coffee. Costa became part of Whitbread PLC in 1995 and has followed an
expansion program, so to become recognized nationally. Despite that figures, Costa faces some
problems, related to their competitors.
A recent survey conducted by Allegra Strategies indicated that Starbucks Coffee (one of the main
competitors of Costa), has the highest consumer brand recognition of all the chains, being
recognized by a staggering ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Only by the right blending can the Arabica beans be correctly balanced by Robusta beans to create a
coffee with great aroma, body and golden cream. This unique combination of beans is the original
Costa blend and is why coffee lovers always visit Costa stores. The recipe, acclaimed for producing
great tasting coffee with a distinctively rich fragrance and taste, is their most prized secret. Beans
from 6 specially selected Arabica varieties are combined with those from a single Robusta to create
just the right amount of 'edge' for the perfect espresso. Costa Coffee Store Espresso is the authentic
Italian Pick–me–up and from listening to lovers of real coffee, they tend to agree! The four factors
that influence the making of the perfect espresso at Costa (4 Ms) are:
·Miscela: The coffee blend
·Macinatura: The grinding of coffee
·Macchina: The use of the correct machine and equipment
·Mano: The hand skills of the barista
In addition they only slow roast beans, this process takes at least 18 minutes–far longer than is the
case for the majority of roasters. Slow roasting provides a fuller flavor and significantly reduces the
presence of harsh and bitter acids. The wide appreciation of their secret coffee blend led to the
opening of the first coffee UK Costa stores in the early 1980's.

This promoted the popularity of coffee bean sales and revitalized the trend towards drinking
authentic Italian espresso, cappuccino and other espresso based drinks. Many

Bedrock River
If a river flows over bedrock, the bedrock restricts widening and lateral mobility which can distort
the shape of the bends in the river (Hooke and Yorke 2011). Substrate influences channel form at the
reach scale, with bedrock channel found to be narrower and deeper than alluvial channels
(Whitbread et al. 2015). This means that the substrate the river is flowing over does have an effect
on what the river is doing. The bedrock restricts widening and lateral mobility, which limits how fast
the river can meander. If the river is flowing over a substrate that is easily erodible, and then if it
erodes down to bedrock the river will become less sinuous.
Meandering rivers are not common in bedrock channels because bedrock channels are narrower and
deeper than alluvial channels (Whitbread et al. 2015). The alluvial channels allow the river channel
to become wide and therefore the river is able to meander because its channel is so wide. Changing
the type of bedrock can influence the width and depth of the river (Whitbread et al. 2015). The
maximum width/depth ratio decreases with increasing fracture spacing (Whitbread et al. 2015). This
is because the fractures create a weak spot in the rock that allows the river to erode into those
fractures. Adding ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The substrate that the river flows over has an effect on the interaction between groundwater and the
bottom of the river. If the river is flowing over an impermeable substrate e.g. shale, mudstone, any
crystalline rock etc. and then erodes through that impermeable substrate the river could cease to
exist. The substrate has a major effect on the river. The substrate can determine what type of river is
formed, how much sediment the river is transporting, how much erosion is occurring in the river etc.
The substrate is a very import factor when anyone is studying a

The Parables, By Jeanette Winterson, And The Whitbread...
Sometimes in order to prevail a message, it is necessary to provide more than just direct context is
required. Authors will use anecdotes in order to teach a lesson, often in terms of religious lessons.
These parables add insight to the writing by mirroring characters in an abstract style. Fictional short
stories have a way of relating to the actual writing. There is generally a connection with the
characters in the short story, with the main characters.They will follow a similar journey, needing to
make alike moral decisions. The characters in the parables can be used to display the choices the
real characters need to make. How the parable ends reflects a possible ending for the real character,
although they can be interpreted different ways. Jeanette Winterson, winner of the Whitbread Award
for Best First Fiction, for her book Oranges Are Not the Only Fruit, uses many parables. Jeanette
grew up with a world explained through religious stories. Everything she knew originated from the
bible. Even simple events such as when she would "climb to the top of the hill and look down, [she
could] see everything, just like Jesus on the pinnacle...." (Winterson, 5). All that she knew related,
and reflected the stories from God. This explains why using parables throughout her book Oranges
Are Not the Only Fruit appropriately sets the scene establishes the tone. The parables clarify her
spiritual journey, while simultaneously highlighting her feminist persona. Winterson uses both male

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