Avoiding A Malthusian Catastrophe

Avoiding a Malthusian Catastrophe
Thomas Malthus once said, "The power of population is indefinitely greater than the power in the
earth to produce subsistence for man." Albert Einstein might argue, on the other hand, "Necessity is
the mother of all invention," albeit in another context. So, which is it? Are we doomed to unchecked
population growth followed by Malthusian catastrophe, or can we avoid it through increased food
production, decreasing population growth rates, or some other means?
To say Malthusian catastrophe is inevitable is completely unwarranted. Is it possible? Certainly – it
is only logical that if human population reached levels which far outstripped food supply, the
resulting global famine would create easily ignitable tensions between nations, and ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
This spread in the demographic data available to contemporary researchers show that as nations
become more developed, fertility rates do not increase exponentially as predicted, nor even linearly,
but eventually plateau or potentially even decrease. This concept, demographic transition, has many
contributing factors, many of which are uncertain. Still, even if these influences are poorly
constrained, the overall trend towards replacement rates of reproduction is well established. The best
example of steady and sustainable population levels is the European Union. The EU is highly
industrially and agriculturally developed, yet has growth rates near zero percent, and not only a
sufficient domestic food supply, but an exportable surplus of grains.
Some detractors may be quick to point out that this is not the case in many developing countries like
India and Sudan, which face shortages of food and resources that are exacerbated by their rapid
growth rate. While true, such criticisms do not stand up to the wealth of data showing a strongly
correlated positive feedback loop between increasing education and economic gains and falling
fertility rates. That is, once such nations in the second phase of demographic transition receive or
implement educational and economic improvements, the resulting chain–reaction can move them
into the third phase of sustainability before the population can outgrow their resources.
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Malthusian Catastrophe Research Paper
A reverend named Thomas Robert Malthus, who was influential in the fields of economics, politics,
and demographics, came up with the theory of malthusianism. Malthusianism describes how the
population tends to increase at a faster rate than its means of subsistence, and unless it is checked, it
will cause widespread poverty and degradation. Malthus also wrote an essay on the principles of
population, which described that unchecked growth is exponential, while the growth of the food
supply is expected to be minimal at best.
Malthus believed there were two "checks" that could reduce the population, returning it to a more
sustainable level. He believed that abstinence, delaying marriage until finances become suitable for
a family, and restricting ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
An example of natural Malthusian catastrophe would be a disease that wipes out most of the poverty
in a region. An example of forcing a Malthusian catastrophe would be setting laws on the number of
children you can have. I think it would be best to let it happen naturally, but if it is to out of control,
then it would be better to force it. The longer a country remains over populated, the harder it will
become to be able to return the population back to balance.
If a Malthusian catastrophe were to happen naturally, you could say that the earth has its own
"checks" to maintain the population. When a certain region becomes over populated, that region
becomes filled with poverty. A deadly disease could arise and kill many of the people living in
poverty, balancing out the population back to normal. Many people who live in poverty do not have
good living conditions, and a severe storm could also cause a lot of destruction and death.
A Malthusian catastrophe can be simplified into three basic concepts: production, distribution, and
technology. These three concepts can all be related back to the food supply of a population. How to
produce more food, distribute the food equally, and use technology to help prevent a Malthusian
catastrophe.

Thomas Malthus Research Paper
Thomas Malthus, an economist during the 18th century, proposed a theory regarding the correlation
between population growth and the status of society. He wrote an essay expressing his beliefs that
led to a controversial discussion. Mathus thought that as population doubles, food resources grew
singularly. Because of this, he believed that as a population grew, a lack of resources would cause a
continuous cycle of penury and distress. Malthus was incorrect in stating that population growths
leads to pennilessness and agony because food production has increased with the help of technology.
Malthus was incorrect in his thinking because the amount of food being produced has been able to
sustain the world population. According to Document A, the

Gfcjhgf Essay examples
1) Describe briefly the relashonship between Tito and Bimbo. In what way was Tito "almost like a
dog" and Bimbo "almost like a boy"? (2)
While noone had the slightest idea of where this young boy came from, how old he was or even who
his parents were, they had remembered seeing Bimbo right at his side. Bimbo was Tito's everything;
he was his nurse, his mother, his pillow and his father. I think Bimbo acted more like a boy because
he would always bring the food home, and although it had become a regular thing for them, I feel
like Bimbo was more in control that Tito. Tito, on the other hand, never got the food, or even looked
for it. He acts more like dogs, as if theres always going to be food on a silver platter and he just has
to wait. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He was starting to make his ways towards the inner gate when Bimbo started biting his clothes. Tito
suddenley realized he was urging him towards the sea gate, as it was safe there. He leaded Tito
around the open pits and pools of bubbling mud, and when Tito got to the sea gate he noticed Bimbo
was missing.
5) Although this is not a happy story, it is not a tragic one. What do we find out at the end of the
story trhat gives us a warm feeling? What do you think Untermeyer is trying to say about human
nature? (2) In the midst of everything that was going on in that particular moment in time, all that
was on Bimbo's thoughts were Tito. I think he had noticed him going alittle pale and not keeping his
balance so he went to the bakery to get him some cake. Untermeyer was trying to show just in
general how much an animal or a human would do to protect someone they truly love. In the end
Bimbo died, and although he was a smart enough dog to know he wouldve, he loved Tito and he
sacrificed his life to protect and help

The Population Bomb
Throughout human history scholars have been publishing works that discuss the correlation and
effects of exponential growth and carrying capacity on a population species. Exponential growth is
described as "the increase of a population (or of anything) by a fixed percentage each year"
(Withgott, Laposata, and Murck 2016), whereas carrying capacity is "the maximum population size
that a given environment can sustain" (Withgott, Laposata, and Murck 2016). Three notable authors
to contribute to the topic of exponential growth and carrying capacity are Thomas Malthus, Paul
Ehrlich, and Mathis Wackernagel. Of the three authors, Reverend Thomas Malthus undoubtedly had
the most controversial solution to the problem of population growth. Malthus urged ... Show more
In 2003, Mathis Wackernagel and Susan Burns founded the Global Footprint Network: a global
non–profit think tank that provides resources that encourage informed policy decisions geared
towards sustainability. In 2007, the Global Footprint Network determined that the global ecological
footprint was being overused 1.6 times; humanity would need 1.6 Earths to sustain current levels of
output (Global Footprint Network 2016a). This think tank labels nations either as ecological
creditors (countries that have a greater bio–capacity than an ecological footprint per capita) or
ecological debtors (countries that use resources faster than their local ecosystems can revitalize). In
1961, most of the nations in the world were seen as ecological creditors. Today, due to the
surpassing of global carrying capacity, the majority of people live in countries that are considered
ecological debtors (Global Footprint Network

Is Non Eschatological Poetry Possible?
"Is non–eschatological poetry possible?" Answering his own question, Ceslaw Milosz offers a
resounding no. No – that is – if one is not to be indifferent to time and to questions of last things,
like damnation, judgment, the Kingdom of God, or the ends of history. If poetry is "the passionate
pursuit of the Real," not only would non–eschatological poetry mean poetic indifference to our
experiences of temporality and last things, it would mean a collapse into isolation and solipsism, a
poetics severed from the reality of the world that makes human life common. Such stark demands
for poetry are indicative of Milosz's investment poetry as a witness to the world, which also involves
a witness to God. Indeed, internal to Milosz's ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Put as directly as possible: while his eschatology undergoes significant revision from his Zagarist
poetry to his poetry during Poland's Occupation, Milosz nevertheless confirms his conviction about
the need for eschatology as an ingredient in poetry's witness, maintaining an eschatological concern
for the fate of the world in his early authorship. During this time, eschatology, for Milosz, while
having to do with the "last things," most fundamentally names a way of seeing the world's
connectedness to God. In the first part of this paper, I attend to his eschatology known as
"catastrophism." This catastrophist position is elaborated by the poems "Hymn and "To Father Ch.,"
where Milosz writes of the natural order as a divine and destructive force, but a force to which
human beings might be reconciled. In the second part, I trace an eschatology from his poetic cycle
"The World" which is characterized as "restorationist." What emerges is (1) an ongoing
eschatological preoccupation that has underwent (2) a shift away from his catastrophic conception
and towards a Christian eschatological framework. Last, I conclude by further characterizing the
eschatological witness of the poet, suggesting that Milosz's term "ecstatic pessimism" is also an apt
description of his eschatological imagination.
I. A "Hymn" to Catastrophe Czeslaw Milosz's interwar poetry of the 1930s, often affiliated with the
Zagarist movement in Polish poetry, is characterized by

Annotated Bibliography On Hierarchical Database
Hierarchical Database It is a kind of database model which is designed in a hierarchy completely
access to data beginning at the highest of hierarchical then changes to down such as customer to
order. The hierarchical typical structure has levels which shows one –to – many also relationship
between a parent and children divisions. The main key this models which following by each parent
can have many children as well each child has simply one parent. This model is most common if it
is compared with network and relational database because it can be manage by huge amounts of data
for difficult projects. Advantages Speed very efficiency Data independence Database integrity which
link between child and parent Data is simplicity ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
it is a collection of data items organised as a set of formally described tables from what data can be
accessed. The application standard to use this kind of database is the structured query language
(SQL).This statements are used for both communication with queries for information from a
relational database this schema set of tables contain data built into predefined categories. Each table
contains one or more data categories in columns, each row contains a unique instance of data for the
categories defined by the columns. A relational database Management system (RDBMS) is the
physical and logical implementation of a relational

Malthus
With 200 years past, much has changed since Malthus published his famous Essay on the Principle
of Population. Nonetheless, his theories remain interwoven in modern discourse about the effects of
our growing population, despite new evidence that challenges his ideas. Malthus argued that as
populations grow exponentially, the linear production of food is unable to feed a rising global
population. Malthus concluded that poverty emanates from this tension between population growth
and food availability. He hypothesized that the earth could only sustain a certain number of people
and that a series of positive checks–famine, war, disease–and negative checks–celibacy,
contraception–that keep the population from surpassing its natural limit. Malthus ... Show more
Merely dismissing Malthus's argument as doomsday nonsense overlooks the reality that indeed, the
global population strains natural resources and furthers environmental degradation. This green
version of Malthusianism more aptly addresses the consequences that exponential population
growth has on our society. Water is often seen in a Malthusian light as scarcity, in areas like Yemen,
are exacerbated by high population growth. Although the absolute amount of water on the globe is
enough to sustain the world's population, it is not distributed equally, resulting in scarcity for certain
populations. Moreover, with increases in populations, our pollution destroys lands and GHG
emissions continue to exacerbate climate change. These effects are most greatly suffered by the
poorest as they are often dependent upon the land and are the most vulnerable in the case of a
natural disaster. Currently, industrial nations consume a disproportionately large amount of the
world's resources and already strain ecological limits. As the global south continues to develop, so
will their consumption. This model of high consumption seen in the first world cannot be sustained
and impossible for developing nations to reproduce given the ecological limits of the earth. As the
middle class in countries like India and China rapidly grow, it is important that governments–
particularly in developed nations–face the

Population Growth On Environment And Development
According to Ray (1998), every four days there is a net population increase of over one million
people, and this exponential increase is greatly associated as being one of the main drivers of
poverty and environmental degradation worldwide (Dasgupta, 1995), resulting in extreme stress on
ecosystem services (ES), as well as human development. However, the extent to which future
population growth will be a 'problem' for both the environment and development is disputed
amongst academics around four main models which link population, environment, and development
together. In this essay, I will begin by exploring the vicious circle and Malthusian models and their
views of population growth on environment and development, and contrast these with the Boserup
and Cornucopian models using examples, before concluding.
The exponential growth of global population has seen the per annum population increase go from
taking 100 years between the 1st billion and 2nd billion to just 16 years between the 6th and 7th
billion (Ray, 1998). The Malthusian (/ neo–Malthusian) model developed by Thomas Malthus in
1798, as well as the Vicious Circle Model (VCM) both regard population growth as an extreme
problem for both the environment and for the development of nations. The Malthusian theories links
how as global population increases exponentially and food production remains linear, a critical point
comes whereby shortages of food will result in large scale famine and death until population values

Fashion Modeling Career
The career I would like to learn in my future is being in the fashion model industry. Choosing this
career took place when I walked in the "Victoria Secret" underwear store I would spot the wide
screens and the fashion models wearing all the clothes and underwear on. In my point of view, this
would be a great future for myself since I'm confident and I have those great personalities I am great
with people and I can put myself into character in the show and I believe I have an attractive shaped
for the clothes. I ask myself if I were able to make it, I would literally be great full and will retain
me from bad people and food for my health. In my perspective, this would be a surprising career for
me and my family. They pay very well and I would like to make my dreams come true and be proud
receiving my own money. General description of duties and responsibilities First of all, a modeling
career is all about representing famous new clothes and traveling the world. Choosing this career
was unbelievable because I walked through the store ¨Victoria Secret¨ and I would look at the
models, modeling clothes and underwear and in that moment I thought about that career. Some
duties I would need to accomplish are dedicating time and keeping a nice body shape to fit the
clothes without any problem. Another two are having confidence and keeping a strong mind. One
responsibility is being able to travel because that´s very important to visit different places and being

The Effects Of The Malthusian Catastrophe Throughout The...
After Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations, his view of classical economics flourished. One of his
successors Thomas Malthus continued with a more pessimist view of society, while still keeping to
Smith's fundamentals. Out of this pessimistic viewpoint comes the Malthusian Doctrine, which
states that as the population rate grows greater than the rate of produce to feed it, and, if unchecked,
the world 's population will double every 25 years. At the same time land cannot keep up with the
population growth, because land cannot breed. This will lead to a population growth problem. This
paper will explore the effects of the Malthusian catastrophe throughout the past few centuries.
Reviewing the implications of population growth and the need for implementations to limit
population growth and natural resource depletion, providing questions challenging this point of
view, and interacting with arguments of opposition can provide a well–formed argument for the
implementations of new policies regarding this topic.
In 18th century Europe was ripe from the Industrial Revolution. The world was taking on a more
optimistic thinking. However, Thomas Malthus turned against this notion with a pessimist view of
population growth. The reproduction of humans and the depletion of food were evident and are still
evident today. The world is becoming more populous and with it more prosperous; humans as a
whole are consuming more food, water, and natural resources than ever. In Malthus' time the same

The Growth Of Population Growth Essay
The present rate of population growth is one of the most significant environmental issues we as
humans are facing. The exponential growth at which the population is moving is having direct
impacts on climate, energy, poverty, food, the global economy, and politics (Why Population
Matters). The world population is currently 7.3 billion people and there is growing doubt that the
planet is able to sustain human needs and resource consumption (Population Concern). The
expansion of human population is impacting countries, societies, and cultures around the world
differently. These differences can occur due to, environmental, political, and societal factors that can
determine the severity of the issue and how the country decides to respond. The population is
growing at exponential rates and can be expressed by calculating the double time, which is the
number of years it takes for population size to double (Harper, Chapter 5). For developed countries,
the calculated double time is longer than that of a developing country (Harper, Chapter 5). The first
case study under analysis is that of Rwanda, one of the poorest nations in the world, which therefore
has one of the lowest double time growths (Harper, Chapter 5). Food scarcity and violence are the
stories of Rwanda's fate and is outlined in Jared Diamond's book, "Collapse". The second case study
being examined is China's human population growth, which is not only negatively impacting its own
country, but impacting others at a

Reality And Malthus ' Predictions Of Population
Reality and Malthus' Predictions of Population
Imagine if Earth's population was so large that all of the world's resources had to be exhausted to
their last limits just to provide food for only half of the population. That is exactly what 17th–
century demographer Thomas Malthus envisioned when he predicted how the world's population
would affect the world's resources. In An Essay on the Principle of Population, published in the late
18th century, Malthus expressed many controversial predictions in which he argued that the increase
of resources was arithmetic while the increase in population was exponential; thus, he concluded
that the population would greatly outpace the amount of resource growth on Earth. Being that
Malthus made his predictions during the industrial revolution (which was when North America and
Europe reached stage two of the demographic transition), many critics of his theory claim that
Malthus' calculations were inaccurate because he did not consider technological advances in relation
to food production. Also, Malthus' critics believe that he overestimated population increase (mainly
because of the time period he lived in) and (adverb) underestimated the production rate of resources.
Though both sides of the debate are plausible, it is evident that Malthus' views were incorrect
because modern–day statistics regarding population and food production do not support his claims.
Therefore, because of Malthus' uncircumspect approach when he predicted population

The Industrial Revolution And The Public Health Revolution
Since our origin, worldwide human population has steadily been on the rise. We humans emerged as
a species about 200,000 years ago. In geological time, that is really incredibly recent. Just 10,000
years ago, there were one million of us. By 1800, just over 200 years ago, there were 1 billion of us.
By 1960, 50 years ago, there were 3 billion of us. There are now over 7 billion of us. By 2050, your
children, or your children 's children, will be living on a planet with at least 9 billion other people.
During some time towards the end of this century, there will be at least 10 billion of us. We got to
where we are now through a number of civilization– and society–shaping "events", most notably the
agricultural revolution, the scientific revolution, the industrial revolution and – in the West – the
public–health revolution. By 1980, there were 4 billion of us on the planet. Just 10 years later, in
1990, there were 5 billion of us. By this point initial signs of the consequences of our growth were
starting to show. Not the least of these was on water. Our demand for water – not just the water we
drank but the water we needed for food production and to make all the stuff we were consuming –
was going through the roof. But something was starting to happen to water. There are now more
than 7 billion of us on Earth. As our numbers continue to grow, we continue to increase our need for
far more water, far more food, far more land, far more transport and far more

Arousal Theory
only improve until as certain level of arousal has reached its optimum level then it will start to go
downhill.
This theory has three rules and they are–
The activity– while studies have shown that your performance will increase until you have reached
your optimal level of arousal, there are some sports that require you to have a low arousal level and
example of a sport that requires a low arousal level is snooker, as the player has to be very calm and
collected and take his/her time to choose the right ball to pot and they have to find the exact spot on
the ball that they want to hit, if they had a high level of arousal they would very likely miss their
shot.
Skill level– while higher levels of arousal have been proven to improve an ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In Inverted U theory, there is an optimal level of performance then after that the athlete's
performance will start to deteriorate. Catastrophe theory however suggests that there is a decline in
performance resulting from the combination of high cognitive anxiety and increasing somatic
anxiety.
In my opinion Catastrophe theory is more of a model than a theory in that it attempts to predict
human behaviour and performance rather than explaining how it occurs that is why it is not a
reliable theory. the model proposes that performance is affected by the relationship between somatic
(Physical) anxiety and cognitive (Mental) anxiety. when cognitive anxiety is high but somatic
anxiety is low performance is enhanced but when both cognitive and somatic anxiety are high,
performance can suddenly deteriorate. Following this sudden decrease in performance, the
performer tries to regain control by decreasing arousal. when they attempt to do this, their
performance doesn't immediately return to its original level but remains low and only gradually
starts to rise as arousal and anxiety returns to much lower levels. it is also possible that performance
will continue to

Increasing Population Uncertainty Essay
Increasing Population Uncertainty
Carrying capacity is defined as the number of individuals of a certain species that can be sustained
indefinitely in a particular area. The Earth's capacity to support people is determined both by natural
constraints and by human choices concerning economics, environment, culture (including values
and politics), and demography. Human carrying capacity is more difficult to estimate than some of
the standard demographic indicators, like expectation of life or the total fertility rate, because human
carrying capacity depends on populations and activities around the world. Human carrying capacity
is therefore dynamic and uncertain. Ecologists have often made use of the concept of carrying ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Many environmental, social, and economic problems either stem from or are increased in magnitude
by the overpopulation problem. With an exponentially increasing population, the problems created
by overpopulation grow correspondingly. Population growth is out–spacing growth in agricultural
production and it is putting increasing pressure on erodible soils, grazing lands, water, and fuel–
wood supplies (Chapman, Peterson, & Smith–Moran, 2000). To ensure population stability not only
in the increasingly wealthy third–world areas, but also in the industrialized areas, countries and
individuals must work together to achieve controlled population growth.
The earth does not contain enough resources to indefinitely sustain the current enormous population
growth. For instance, there only is a limited area of arable land and living space available to us.
China, home to 1.2 billion people or 1/5 the world's population, is an excellent example of the kinds
of problems that arise in an increasingly crowded society. Trying to increase the standard of living
of its people, China has industrialized and the economy has grown (Hanson, 1995). This increase in
wealth has increased the demand for food in China. The demand is so great that China went from
exporting 8 million tons of grain in 1992 to becoming a net importer of 16 million tons of grain in
1994 (China News Digest, 1995). This causes a worldwide grain shortage that raises prices,

Tour Operator Agency Database. Essay
A multinational tour operator agency has gained new business growth in the North American market
through the use of social media. Its operation has expanded by 50% within six months and the
agency requires an enhanced data management strategy to sustain their business operations. Their
existing data repository for its reservation processing system is limited in business intelligence and
reporting functionalities. The tour operator seeks a database management specialist to assist them in
leveraging their data sources to enable them to forecast and project tour sales appropriately.
Imagine that you have been hired to fulfill their need of enhancing the data repository for their
current reservation processing system. Upon reviewing the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
You may make use of graphical tools in Microsoft Word or Visio, or an open source alternative such
as Dia. Note: The graphically depicted solution is not included in the required page length.
Construct a query that can be used on a report for determining how many days the customer's
invoice will require payment if total amount due is within 45 days. Provide a copy of your working
code as part of the paper. Using the salesperson table described in the summary above, complete the
following: Construct a trigger that will increase the field that holds the total number of tours sold per
salesperson by an increment of one (1). Create a query that can produce results that show the
quantity of customers each salesperson has sold tours to. Support the reasoning behind using stored
procedures within the database as an optimization process for the database transactions.
Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:
Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one–inch margins on all
sides; citations and references must follow APA or school–specific format. Check with your
professor for any additional instructions. Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment,
the student's name, the professor's name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the
reference page are not included in the

Malthus Theory And The Earth's Theory Of Overpopulation
The Earth's population is growing rapidly leading to a state where human population exceeds the
Earth's carrying capacity. Thomas Robert Malthus was the first economist to start the theory of
population and the idea of overpopulation. He wrote his views and explanation about population and
its consequences in his essay on "Principles of Population" which was published in 1798. The book
explained the relationship between food and population, and their growth patterns. His views on the
theory of overpopulation and its impact influenced many political economists and earned economics
the label of the "dismissal science". Malthus was concerned by the condition of poverty in the
British cities during his time and the increase of population in the industrializing societies. The main
idea of Malthus theory was to maintain balance between the population growth and the food for
human existence, as the human population tends to grow quicker than the power in the earth to
produce subsistence.
Malthus was the first economists to present the views and ideas on the matter of population growth
and its effect on food and the surroundings. According to Malthus Theory, human population grows
exponentially at a geometric rate i.e. 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and so on, doubling the number at each time
period, whereas food production grow in much slower rate than the population, which grows at an
arithmetic rate i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, and so on. Thus, Malthus shows that population grows much faster than
the

Women 's Exploitation Of Women
The exploitation of women in production, and the exclusion of women from consumption is not the
only ways in which the female body is harmed as a result of the globalization of the fashion
industry. Perhaps the most obvious occurrence of female body harm in the fashion industry is a
result of fashion modeling. An up–close look into the modeling industry as a microcosm of the
fashion industry reveals the severe objectification and commodification of fashion models for the
sake of consumption.
The modeling industry has created a culture of exclusion across genders and races. Author Ashley
Mears (2010) critically analyses the fashion industry, and how it influences production of culture
and beauty ideals around the world. The modeling world is extremely female dominated, and the
women who participate are continually commodified as they are used as a means to "promote and
disseminate ideas of how women should look," (p. 23). Because consumption is valued so in today's
society, the model is employed based on her perceived ability to sell a product. The clothes she is
hired to wear and the beauty ideal that she is helping sell are more important than her humanity, and
she becomes dehumanized. "Clothes take on such utmost importance that models are and should be
mere clothes hangers, with perfectly discrete bodies that will display the clothes but not detract from
them," (Mears, 2010, p. 35). Models are blatantly objectified as they are forced be invisible for the
sake of

Analysis Of Robert Malthus 's ' Old Impact On The...
Caleb Kesinger
FYE: Social Science
Robert Dean
10/31/16
Malthusianism was a movement that was begun by Robert Malthus in 1789 that had a big impact on
the thinking, and teachings of many great geologists, and scientists. All of the men in this paper
believe in this idea that population growth is going to grow faster than the growth of food, but they
all have different solutions, and thoughts on the matter. Some believe that population is so out of
control that we must contain it, and even find ways to drastically slow it down, while others believe
that we need things like aggregate demand in order to keep the growing populations employed and
not homeless. The first, and possibly the most intense man I am going to talk about is William Vogt.
A huge fan of Thomas Malthus and his ideas, Vogt decided to contribute to the Malthusian
movement with the writing of the book " Road to Survival". This book ended up having a huge
impact on the Malthusian upbringing or revival in the 1950s and 1960s.Vogt was a big follower of
population control, and was very concerned about the population growing out of control. He
believed that the fast economic growth, along with the quickly growing fertility rates, would destroy
the environment, and would eventually lead our society to mass hunger, disease, and even war. He
also believed that this population problem would eventually lead to the collapse of human
civilization. Vogt even stated that "the day of judgement is at hand as man's

Electronic Healthcare Information Systems Analysis
Databases, Electronic Healthcare Information Systems, Data Sets and Data Standards Patient data is
crucial to healthcare practice. Having the ability to create, modify, delete, and view patient data is
the most important aspect of healthcare. A vital storage mechanism to perform the above functions is
a database. A database is essential in development of Electronic Health Record system A database is
an organized collection of data saved as a binary–type file on a computer (Sayles, 2013). Binary–
type files only contains ones and zeros so it is unreadable to end users. A database management
system provides the ability to perform the functions mentioned above. Many vendors are available
in the marketplace for different kinds of database ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Data objects can model relational data or advanced data types such as graphics, movies, and audio.
Smalltalk, C++, Java, and others are objects used in object–oriented data. The object–relational is a
combination of relational and object–oriented databases. Traditional and advanced data types can be
used to construct database management systems. These systems can connect to a company's website
and update records as needed. Database Approach The main purpose of a database is data storage
that can be stored and retrieved when needed. A popular common language called structured query
language (SQL) is used to store and retrieve data in relational database. This language enables the
systems to run a report or modify data or remove the data from the database. A database
management system (DBMS) controls all aspects of a database, this is not limited to the creation,
maintenance, and use of database. The DBMS ensures proper applications are able to access the
database. An important purpose of a DBMS is to maintain the data definitions (data dictionary) for
all the data elements in the database. It also enforces data integrity and security measures. Data
Models Data models provide a contextual framework and graphical representation that aid in the
definition of data elements. In a relational database, the data model lays the foundation for the
database and identifies important entities,

Malthus Model Of Population Growth Case Study
UNIVERSITÄT KOBLENZ–LANDAU Campus Koblenz Universitätsstraße 1 56070 Koblenz,
GERMANY
Simulation and Agent based Systems
Malthus Model of Population Growth
Released on: 19–01–201
Participants:
Sennikova Tatiana (214202789)
2
Table of content
Table of figures .......................................................................................................................................
3 Introduction
............................................................................................................................................. 4 1. Model
Description ........................................................................................................................... 5 2. Model
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The population growth rate for a given level of consumption characterized by difference between
the birth rate and the death rate. Let us define gross population function G(c), which is equal to (b–
d)+1. Than
Nt+1=NtG(ct) (1.1)
This is the formula of the Malthusian population model. Graphically we will have:
7
Figure 2: Gross Population Growth Rate Function (Crafts, N, 2008)
In the model, population at the next time period is determined by the population at the previous time
period, so we can said that this is a difference equation model. In this case, we can use the model to
determine population sizes at any point in the future by applying the equation repeatedly until we
reach the desired point in time.
2.1 Production Function At the time when Malthus wrote his essay, the second factor of production
except land was labor. In the model, he assumes that all individuals own an equal share of the land
and the total amount of the land limited by L. Productivity of each particular person is also fixed.
Then production function can be defined

The 's Secret Model By Cameron Russell
Victoria 's Secret Model, Cameron Russell, delivered one of the most profound TED Talks delivered
on the Mid Atlantic stage, according to TED writer Cameron Gallo. The model explains that though
the modeling industry considered her a perfect, she does not believe her appearance defines her.
Thus she came up with the title for her speech, "Looks Aren 't Everything... Believe Me, I 'm a
Model.". She specifically addresses that children need to understand that modeling does not
constitute a glamorous career. The industry drowns out personal values, views, and appearances to
warp these characteristics into a general image accepted by the masses, according to Russell. She
describes her view on modeling, and how it essentially made her feel like a hard shell of a person
with no inner value. She ended by encouraging people to find a balance between outward
appearance and inner beauty.
"Looks Aren 't Everything.... Believe Me, I 'm a Model" is categorized as TED talk. These "talks"
are powered by nonprofit organizations dedicated to spreading ideas, in the form of speeches,
demonstrations, and videos. Richard Saul Wormac, describes the talks as "observations and
recognition of a powerful convergence among three fields: technology, entertainment and design"
(Gallo 3). World class speakers perform 18–20 minute presentations, within the three fields.
Cameron Russell addresses each individual field in her speech, not limiting herself to one specific
category. Modeling developed a

Overpopulation a Problem?
Is Overpopulation a Serious Problem?
This question seems to be question that is asked quite frequently lately. In the last two centuries,
population has skyrocketed. In 1800 the world population was only at 1 billion, and today it's
estimated that the world population exceeds six billion people. With overpopulation, many problems
have arisen. Some believe that overpopulation is the reason for world hunger, global population will
reach crisis proportions by 2050, and some believe that overpopulation will bring the extinction of
the human race. When one looks at the arguments that these people present, its quite overwhelming
the amount of evidence that's supports their argument. On the other side, the evidence for the
opposing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Malthus goes on to state that the earth is filled with life in the animal and vegetable kingdoms, and
that if left unhindered could fill all the worlds in the universe, but necessity, "that imperious all
pervading law of nature" restrains them within their prescribed boundaries. Man cannot escape from
this fact. "Among plants and animals its effects are waste of seed, sickness, and premature death.
Among mankind, misery and vice "* Malthus in his article goes on to state what kinds of positive
preventive checks there are for population growth and uses England as an example. The difficulties
of raising a family acts as a preventive check, as well as some of the distresses of the lower classes
in providing food and adequate attention to children also acts as a preventitive check. Malthus states
that the preventive check operates in some effect to all ranks of society in England. For example, he
says that there are some men even in the highest rank not willing to start a family due to the fact that
they have to give up many of their own leisurely activities, or not willing to give up the money to
start a family. ‘These consideration are certainly trivial, but a preventive foresight of this kind has
objects of much greater weight for its contemplation as we go lower."* A good situation that
embodies this quote is that of a single man that earns just enough money to be considered to be in
the class of a gentleman. If this man gets married he must know

Fema Research Paper
The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) partners with Homeland Security to aid
Americans and people in other countries in case a major disaster occurs. They give out food and
water and help provide shelters to those who have lost their homes. But it has only been in recent
years after terrorist attacks on U.S. soil that Homeland Security has joined this group. This has
increased suspicions towards why a group that was created to fight terrorists would need to be
involved in aiding those who have been in an earthquake or flooding. Few Americans feel that they
have any hope of being able to truly count on their assistance because of this. But that isn't the only
reason. FEMA has been hiding several truths from Americans who falsely believe ... Show more
High Amount of Losses
Unfortunately, FEMA already knows what most Americans don't. There will be a huge amount of
casualties because so few people are prepared for a state of emergency to happen. Because of this,
they are already prepared to bury thousands of people with a stash of coffins that they keep handy.
Although this sounds cruel, it should be used as motivation for people to not expect FEMA to be
their savior in case of a disaster. They have to be able to handle situations on their own instead.
As you can see, this organization is highly motivated to work against the American people, not for
them. That is why it is extremely important that people start preparing now for a possible crisis now.
Foods that have a long shelf life and don't need refrigeration are the most important to have on hand.
Freeze dried food can last for about 25 years, so it is the best to keep. But canned foods that can be
easily heated up are also important in case there isn't enough water to rehydrate it. These types of
foods are all easily found for sale at www.survivalcavefood.com. They come in airtight containers to
avoid pests from getting in them too. And the website has a neat calculator tool, so you can
determine how much food that you need to keep on hand per person to

Database Security
– 1 –
Database Security *)
GÜNTHER PERNUL
Institut für Angewandte Informatik und Informationssysteme
Abteilung für Information Engineering
Universität Wien
Vienna, Austria
1. Introduction
1.1 The Relational Data Model Revisited
1.2 The Vocabulary of Security and Major DB Security Threats
2. Database Security Models
2.1 Discretionary Security Models
2.2 Mandatory Security Models
2.3 Adapted Mandatory Access Control Model
2.4 Personal Knowledge Approach
2.5 Clark and Wilson Model
2.6 A Final Note on Database Security Models
3. Multilevel Secure Prototypes and Systems
3.1 SeaView
3.2 Lock Data Views
3.3 ASD_Views
4. Conceptual Data Model for Multilevel Security
4.1 Concepts of Security Semantics
4.2 Classification ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
· Authorization, Access Controls
Authorization is the specification of a set of rules that specify who has which type of access to what
information. Authorization policies therefore govern the disclosure and modification of information.
Access controls are
– 3 – procedures that are designed to control authorizations. They are responsible to limit access to
stored data to authorized users only.
· Integrity, Consistency
An integrity policy states a set of rules (i. e. semantic integrity constraints) that define the correct
states of the database during database operation and therefore can protect against malicious or
accidental modification of information. Closely related issues to integrity and consistency are
concurrency control and recovery. Concurrency control policies protect the integrity of the database

in the presence of concurrent transactions. If these transactions do not terminate normally due to
system crashes or security violations recovery techniques are used to reconstruct correct or valid
database states.
· Auditing
The requirement to keep records of all security relevant actions issued by a user is called auditing.
Resulting audit records are the basis for further reviews and examinations in order to test the
adequacy of system controls and to recommend any changes in the security policy.
In this Chapter such a broad perspective of database security is not taken.
Instead, main focus is directed towards aspects related to

Exponential Growth In The Malhusian Economy
The Malthusian Model compares growth rates between population and means of subsistence and
describes what conditions characterize a Malthusian Economy. If a population is given the
opportunity to double in size every twenty–five years, it would exhibit exponential growth.
However, the means of subsistence do not grow exponentially but arithmetically (Elwell 2001, 5).
The differing patterns of growth allow for a large gap between population and production to grow
over time. In a Malthusian Economy, one would expect to see population and means of subsistence
each grow marginally and alternately with neither exhibiting significant sustained growth. In pre–
industrial Europe, we saw exactly this. Humans' ability to produce food and children are not equal
and it is through Malthusian population checks, without significant increases in technology, that
populations can be sustained in the long–run (Elwell 2001, 5). Population checks would make it so
the population would not grow far beyond the populations' given means of subsistence. However,
with the Industrial Revolution, agricultural productivity could increase in efficiency enough to
sustain an exponentially growing population. Without technology and without positive checks,
population would grow at the same exponential rate and means of subsistence would grow at the
arithmetic rate, leading to an unsustainable population (Elwell 2001, 5). In summation, population
grows at an exponential rate, which is controlled by positive

Essay
How do racist attitudes towards Indians contribute to the catastrophe that overtakes the Hayden
family? Racism is an underlying force in the Novel Montana 1948, written by Larry Watson. The
racist attitudes shown towards the Indians in Bentrock escalate to a point where a catastrophe
overtakes the Hayden Family. In the town Bentrock in 1948, it was accustomed that racial attitudes
towards the Indians were apart of the culture and nature of the town. Marie Little Soldier's
confession about Frank's antics could prove to be a vital point when all the secrets started to unravel
and eventually contributed to the catastrophe that took over the Hayden family. Gail Hayden,
David's mother, comes from a completely different region with different ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Word around Bentrock was that Frank Hayden has been abusing the trust of being a qualified doctor
by exploiting Indian women. Marie confesses to Gail about Frank's antics and Gail eventually tells
her husband about the confession. "The reason, Wesley, the reason Marie didn't want to be examined
by Frank is that he– he has... is that your brother has molested Indian girls." This secret acts as a
breaking point for many other secrets to be exposed that eventually contribute to the catastrophe.
Gail begins to unpack what has been going on in Bentrock. Gail Hayden comes from North Dakota,
a place with different morals and values compared to Bentrock. She is able to see the racist attitudes
shown towards Indians in a different light and believes it is wrong because she has been brought up
in a different culture. She sees things differently than the natives in Bentrock and is able to decipher
the racial propaganda. Her influence on Wes, making him investigate the allegations, could prove to
be a major contribution to the catastrophe that overtakes the Hayden family. "That is not the way it
works. You know that. Sins– crimes– are not supposed to go unpunished." This quote shows her
kind nature and the difference between her morals and values compared to a Bentrock native. She
could prove to be a factor in the catastrophe, but could it solely be the Hayden's to blame? The
Hayden family was able to

No New Worlds By Dr. Adrian Forsyth
The world is in a constant state of change, today's decisions will affect the future of all species large
and small, defining the ways in which society will continue to live. The essay "No New Worlds"
written by Dr. Adrian Forsyth explores ideas associated with ever changing populations and states of
the world. The essay describes the existence of humankind by their impacts on the surrounding
environments. The reader is then introduced to the implications our world faces if these problems
are not solved and additionally steps to solving these issues. Thus, both men and women need to
take action to help or pay the consequences and protect the only world we have, planet Earth.
Dr. Adrian Forsyth's essay "No New Worlds" features the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Dr. Forsyth implements plenty of evidence as well as proven statistics to back up his outlook on
these issues. The growth of human population is happening at an exponential rate, implying that in a
short period of time population growth will double. "We find it difficult to comprehend exponential
growth, but it may prove to be our fatal blind spot" [3]. When analysing the world's population over
a long period of time, it took roughly 19,000 years for the world's population to go from 5million
people to 500 million people in 1500 A.D. [4] With an estimated population of 7.5 billion people
[5], for a period less than 1000 years, population increased more than 1500 times its size than it was
in the 1500's. In addition, on a more minute scale of time, in 1950 the world's population was
roughly 2.5 billion people [6] in merely 50 years the world's population has tripled. With these
statics, it is evident that the world's population is increasing at an incomprehensive rate. With
populations at their peak, overconsumption is another problem this world faces, as Dr. Forsyth
affirms "humans consume far more than their fair share of the Earth's natural productivity."[7] Due
to this over consumption of resources, there is a vast demand for cheap food which results in the
clear cutting of large forest to generate room for new plantations of food. When doing so, humans
destroy habitats that

Overpopulation and the Environment: We Must Act Now Essay
Overpopulation and the Environment: We Must Act Now
Is the planet doomed? The short answer is no, we're not doomed, since the verb implies inevitability.
(1) Population is not growing everywhere, and the areas where growth rates are near zero or even
negative (such as the United States and Western Europe) provide clues to addressing the problem in
other regions. The longer answer to the doom question is that growing population is a problem that
left unsolved could indeed have very harmful effects, both on the environment and our current life
styles. However, controlling population growth rates is a relatively simple task compared to the even
more critical problem of curbing seemingly insatiable desires for consumption. It is the quest ...
If markets are working properly (which is a separate problem), the price of a resource will rise as
that resource becomes scarcer. Rising prices encourage people to switch their consumption patterns
away from the scarce resource towards a cheaper substitute resource. Price increases also stimulate
research that may produce technologies that can allow people to do more with the same amount of
resources. Although there is not always a "tech–fix," sometimes there is. More importantly, rising
prices can make existing technologies relatively cheap enough to be viable. For instance, a rise in
the price of oil may make hybrid cars relatively cheaper, allowing them to become more widespread.
The other failing of these pessimistic models is in their conclusion that continuing population
growth is inevitable. A phenomenon called the demographic transition (5) has been observed to
occur as nations develop and standards of living rise. Before a nation develops, birth and death rates
are generally steady, with the birthrate slightly higher and a low rate of population growth. As
development begins, death rates fall sharply (because of increased health care) but birthrates remain
steady, causing increasing population growth rates. During the demographic transition, further
development and rising standards of living accompany a declining

Relational Data Models Versus No Sql Data Model
Relational Data Model Versus No SQL Data Model
Rutu Patel
CSIT 555 Database Systems
Midterm Research Paper
[1] INTRODUCTION:
The term database can be defined as the collection of systematic, well–ordered and structured data
that can be easily and efficiently handled, retrieved and upgraded on a periodic basis depending on
its requirements. The structure and organization of any database is based upon its respective
database model.
A unique database model is implemented by each database depending upon the logical structure of
the data that is being handled by that database. There are numerous distinct database models out in
the market at present that allow the application developers to effectively manage the data. The most
widely welcomed ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The fundamental theory of logical relations among the grouped data is incorporated in the relational
database model. This method offers numerous advantages such as keeping the structured data in an
organized and logically related manner, ease of data handling in case of related data or information,
simplicity of data management and many more. In general, it can be stated that those database
systems that assimilate the technique of relational SQL data model can execute in a productive and
precise method.
[3] THE NO SQL DATABASE SYSTEM AND KEY–VALUE STORE DATA MODEL:
The term "No SQL" is considered in a much wider vision which means "Not Only SQL". This can
be elaborated in the sense that the concept of No SQL does not consider the complete elimination of
SQL language, rather it focuses on supporting other SQL like queries. The No SQL Database
basically follows a model–free approach. The leading advantage of implementing the No SQL
database is eliminating all the restrictions of the rigorously followed structured model in the
relational database system. In No SQL approach, there are many flexibilities of choosing eligible
data structure according to the information or data that has to be handled. Some of the widely
followed data models of the No SQL database are key value stores, column family stores, document
database, graph database, etc. The fundamental concept behind the development of the key–value
store data model is to create a data model that

How Did Malthus Build Food Production In The Ottoman Empire
Growth and Food Production in the Ottoman Empire
In his 1798 Essay on the Principle of Population, Thomas Malthus defended the proposition that,
"had population and food increased in the same ratio, it is probable that man might never have
emerged from the savage state." Labeled a 'Malthusian trap' after the demographer's work, the
theoretical principle holds that, because population increases exponentially, while agricultural output
increases arithmetically, periodic premature deaths among the population will be caused by a lack of
sustenance. Had a population never overcome the reoccurring demographic trap of an equal increase
in food and population, Malthus contends, the life of man as a subsistence farmer would continue to
be, as succinctly ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the Ottoman Empire, immigration from Russia and the upper Balkan Peninsula brought a ten–
fold increase in iron plow use in Ottoman Bulgaria, and the introduction of the calorie–rich potato to
Anatolia, which had "a beneficial effect of agriculture of Anatolia as a whole." Whether or not the
limited introduction of improved techniques and plant species into the Empire was also driving force
behind increased production, it still appeared to be caused by the influx of people to the region.
Malthus's doomsday prediction of stagnation upon population growth appears to fail when
considering the possibility of introduction of new techniques to maximize gains. So far, in the case
of the Ottoman Empire, the relationship between changes in population density and agricultural
production has proven to be that an increase in the former resulted in a subsequent and equal rise in
the latter. In order to address whether or not Malthus's claim that

Applying Normalized Tables And The Model Of The Entity...
then be able to identify the dependencies between the attributes, and then create normalized tables
directly based on those dependencies. More often than not this can be done mentally or on paper
before the tables are even added to the actual design.
Normalization appropriates the affiliation amongst all of the attributes within the entity table to
achieve its goal. Since the Entity Relationship Diagram will also contain the appropriations amongst
the attributes, as a common base to identify the entity type structure, than it is possible to then apply
the normalization principles, all during the conceptual data modeling phase. Enacting Normalization
during the Entity Relationship Diagram can then improve the conceptual model, and therefore ...
The relationship are then indicated by the common columns, or the domains, in the data tables are
related. The Transitive Dependency within an entity type takes place of the non entity attributive
attributes have dependency amongst there selves. Multi – Valued dependency likeness in the Entity
Relationship Diagram can take place when the attributes within the entity example have more than
one value. This is a potential instance when some attributes within an entity examples have the
maximum cardinality of n, or more than 1. When the attribute has lots of values in an entity
example, this can be setup either as the composite key modifier of the entity type, or then split into
the weak entity type.
Normalized Entity Relationship represents the dependency approach in Entity Relationship Diagram
toward the intended use in the application of normal form. Normalization is a many step occurrence
that begins with "unnormalized" relations.The first set up in normalization is to appropriate the data
into a two dimensional table. In an unnormalized relation the data can repeat within the columns. To
be able to move to a first normal form a relation must also contain only the atomic values at each of
the rows and columns. So this means no repeating groups, and a set of columns will be named the
Candidate key when its value can

overpopulation a problem? Essay
Is Overpopulation a Serious Problem?
This question seems to be question that is asked quite frequently lately. In the last two centuries,
population has skyrocketed. In 1800 the world population was only at 1 billion, and today it's
estimated that the world population exceeds six billion people. With overpopulation, many problems
have arisen. Some believe that overpopulation is the reason for world hunger, global population will
reach crisis proportions by 2050, and some believe that overpopulation will bring the extinction of
the human race. When one looks at the arguments that these people present, its quite overwhelming
the amount of evidence that's supports their argument. On the other side, the ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
However, he cites Mr. William Godwin in that the passion between the genders will eventually, with
the help of time, be dissolved. But, has no proof to reinforce this claim. Malthus states that, "The
best arguments for the perfectibility of man are drawn from a contemplation of the great progress
that he has already made from the savage state and the difficulty of saying where he is to stop."*
Further, he says that he had not seen any progress towards extinguishing of the passion of the
genders, and appears to be in full force today, just as it was thousands of years ago. Just as with
everything else, there are the exceptions of course, but these exceptions are not showing any signs of
increasing. "But, as these exceptions do not appear to increase in number, it would surely be a very
unphilosophical mode of arguing, to infer merely from the existence of an exception, that exception
would, in time, become the rule, and the rule the exception."* Malthus states that the power in the
earth is forever less than the power of population to produce subsistence for man.
Subsistence increases only in an arithmetical ratio, while population increases in geometrical ratio
when left unchecked. From this one can see the sheer overwhelming comparison of the first power
to the second. Since food is a necessity for mankind, the consequences of the

Evaluation Of User Requirement Analysis Of Data Warehouse...
Evaluation of User Requirement Analysis in Data Warehouse Design
1.0 Introduction
A data warehouse (DW) can be acknowledged as one of the most complex information system
modules available and it is a system that periodically retrieves and consolidates data from the
sources into a dimensional or normalized data store. It is an integrated, subject–oriented, nonvolatile
and a time–variant collection of data in support of management's decisions (Inmon, 1993).
1.1 Data Warehouse Design Process
When considering the suggestions of various authors who are well known in the field, such as
William Inmon and Ralph Kimball the DW design process can be divided into three main stages
(Figure 1).
The first phase which is DW planning is aimed at determining the scope and the objectives of the
DW. The second phase will be concentrating on individual data marts (DM) and will be repeated for
each DM to be implemented. And according to the Figure 1, the second phase can be further divided
into five distinct main phases. The final phase will focus on performance optimization and keeping
the DW schema up–to–date. This paper will be focusing only on the requirement analysis phase.
In DW lifecycle, one of the most crucial phases that might affect all other phases of DW
development is the Requirement Analysis phase. It is a process of collecting requirements from end
user. The goal of this phase is to identify organizational objectives and elaborate requirements that
could measure

The Simon Ehrlich Wager Case Summary
The Simon–Ehrlich wager was all about this idea of Malthusian catastrophe (Regis, 1997). The idea
is that because of population growth we are running out of resources and we will eventually exhaust
them all and die out. Julian Simon the so call cornucopian doom slayer challenged the Malthusian
believer Paul Ehrlich to a bet. Simon told Ehrlich that he could pick any–raw material and and any
date in the future. If Simon was correct the eventually price of these resources would decrease or not
change more then inflation and if Ehrlich was correct since we are running out of resources the price
of these metal would increase. Ehrlich selected five assorted metal which included chromium,
copper, nickel, tin and tungsten. In the prices rose Simon ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
I definitely agree with Simon when he talks about the creativity and ingenious of humans. The
innovations we have today in not just the world of food production are absolutely mind blowing.
The machines we use for farming and how we change plants at the genetic level to suit us are some
of the many examples. Granted those inventions can somewhat be debated they are still great
examples of human's ability to problem solve. The part I am less hesitant to agree with is that there
is no problem at all. I think eventually we will reach some sort of semi Malthusian catastrophe. Will
it may not be exactly about food I think it's more likely going to be an issue of land. We only have
so much space on this planet and I think it there is anything that could be used up it would be that.
Also I am not blind to the fact the Simon did somewhat less then problems of species loss. We are
definably losing more then one species a year. Granted when it comes to actual human survival that
may not be an issues but when it comes down to the diversity of life I think that is a problem.
Another issues is that while we can technical always come up for a solution for the growing need for
more food, I think the cost of that is health. Some of the things we are making and doing to feed the
world are not going to always allow for a health existence. Overall, I would say I definitely

The Malthusian Population Theory
Introduction In 1798, Thomas Malthus wrote an essay about population growth that reflects a
pessimistic view to future economic development. This essay was a result of his discussion with
positivists that tend to praise perfectibility of the man and knowledge diffusion as a source of
prosperity for future generations. Malthus essay about population growth based on observing 17th
and 18th century US population data. The general idea of the essay – that when food is enough,
population grows at a geometric rate and food production just arithmetically. (Malthusian and Neo–
Malthusian Theories/ Ran Abramitzky and Fabio Braggion, 2003) Essay, "An Essay on the Principle
of Population," is an excellent example of mathematical modeling. The Malthus model was a
surprisingly good for prediction of population growth over short time intervals, but as it was
discovered later, it does not work for long time intervals.
This paper has the following structure: the first chapter "Model description" contains general
assumptions that were made for the model. In the chapter, "Model Composition" the formula of the
Malthusian population growth model introduced and the production function will be defined. In the
third chapter, the Low of Diminish Returns formulated, as it is impossible to describe ... Show more
On one hand, the model conflicts with the fact that in modern economics, per capita incomes exhibit
a tendency to growth over time. On the other hand its prediction regarding the relationship between
population growth and per capita income no longer hold in modern societies. In addition, the
technological progress played general role in the society development. Nonetheless, as it was shown
in the chapter "Empirical Support for the Malthusian Theory " it is quite precisely describes
tendencies that characterized dynamics in humans population growth before the industrial revolution
and it still works for short term

Lake Toba Essay
1. Introduction 1.1. Toba Catastrophe Lake Toba is located in Sumatra, Indonesia (Figure 1). The
Toba Eruption was the last of three major eruptions, which occurred over the past million years,
creating a volcanic caldera1. The most recent eruption, also known as the Youngest Toba Tuff
erupted around 73,000 (± 4000) years ago2. This created a global catastrophe that effected many
species, including humans. Many researchers have linked this even to the most recent bottleneck in
human evolution resulting in a dramatic drop in the human population to only about 3,000 to 10,000
in a very short period of time3. 1.2 Definition of Supereruption The term "supereruption" was
introduced after the Toba eruption in 1992 to describe the devastating effects that occurred5. To this
date, there is no strict definition however; an eruption that can produce over 300 cubic kilometers of
magma would have global consequences and therefore, be considered 'super'6. The volume of
magma that erupted from Toba was much greater than any other eruption previously recorded2. The
fragmental deposit from such a large eruption can produce volumes of 1000km3 or greater7.
Therefore, according to this definition, the latest eruption of Toba can definitely be considered a
supereruption. 1.3 Comparison to Yellowstone Eruptions Figure 2 compares the volume of material
erupted from several different eruptions and it is clear the Yellowstone eruptions were of significant
size. Three of the eruptions

Population Problems By Garett Hardin
Malthusian view stated that Human Population grows exponentially while the resources consumed
by the population (mainly food)– grows linearly. Thereby, there would be a time when the
Population would exceed the supply of food, and thereby would die–off due to Famine like situation
(positive checks), or alternatively the humans themselves would use "moral restraint"– including
late marriages (negative checks). Malthus is his essay also states that parents must produce only as
many children as they could afford to nourish and maintain after marriage. In his essay "Tragedy of
Commons"– Garett Hardin too speaks on very similar lines. As his abstract reads– The Population
Problem has no technical solution, it requires a fundamental extension in ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This is a very good argument, had the world been an Equal and Just world, but as we know it, the
world is highly unequal in terms of opportunities and resource distribution. While Hardin himself
practices what he preached– breeding 4 children– because he and his wife, had the capability to
nurture them– but states that a poor man– must refrain from breeding more than the number of
children he can nurture. Hardin also specifies the way of Inheritance to be unjust– as "an idiot can
inherit millions"– and how genetic recombination could make a mockery of the doctrine of "like
father, like son". Although Hardin does not talk in great detail in this essay as to the plans that he
proposes for addressing this population issue– he says that– "The alternative to the commons is too
horrifying to contemplate. Injustice is preferable to total ruin." He indicates through the example of
Kingsley Davis– how coercion could be necessary– even if it is not unanimously agreed upon! From
his Essay, it is evident that Hardin is not unaware of Technological advancements that could alter the
resources vs population issues. But why then does Hardin not consider Boserup's Theory? Is there
something more than what Hardin has expressed– is a question that that I am trying to find an
answer

Avoiding A Malthusian Catastrophe

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Avoiding A Malthusian Catastrophe