The 5 physicists in this PPT are- 1. Galileo Galilei 2. Isaac Newton 3. Marie Curie 4. Albert Einstein 5. Werner Heisenberg

1. Made by-
KAUSHIK
BALAJI
SOME GREAT PHYSICISTS AND THEIR
CONTRIBUTIONS TOWARDS SOCIETY…

2. Galileo
Galilei
“All truths are easy to
understand once they are
discovered;the point is to
discover them.”
-Galileo Galilei
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3. GALILEO’S CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS SOCIETY…
Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) is considered the father of modern science and
made major contributions to the fields of physics, astronomy, cosmology,
mathematics and philosophy. Galileo invented an improved telescope that let
him observe and describe the moons of Jupiter, the rings of Saturn, the phases
of Venus, sunspots and the rugged lunar surface. His flair for self-promotion
earned him powerful friends among Italy’s ruling elite and enemies among
the Catholic Church’s leaders. Galileo’s advocacy of a heliocentric universe
brought him before religious authorities in 1616 and again in 1633, when he
was forced to recant and placed under house arrest for the rest of his life.
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4. Isaac Newton
“No Great discoveries were ever
made without a
Bold Guess.”
-Isaac Newton
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5. ISAAC’S CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS SOCIETY…
Sir Isaac Newton’s contributions to the fields of physics, mathematics,
astronomy and chemistry helped usher in the Scientific Revolution. And
while the long-told tale of an apple dropping on his learned head is likely
apocryphal, his contributions changed the way we see and understand the
world around us. The Principa also contained some of Newton’s first
published works on the motion of the planets and gravity. According to a
popular legend, a young Newton was sitting beneath a tree on his family’s
farm when the falling of an apple inspired one of his most famous theories.
It’s impossible to know if this is true (and Newton himself only began telling
the story as an older man), but is a helpful story to explain the science behind
gravity. It also remained the basis of classical mechanics until Albert
Einstein’s theory of relativity. 5

6. Marie Curie
“A scientist in his laboratory is
not a mere technician: he is also
a child confronting natural
phenomena that impress him as
though they were fairy tales.”
-Marie Curie
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7. MARIE’S CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS SOCIETY…
In 1898, after laboriously isolating various substances by successive chemical
reactions and crystallizations of the products, which they then tested for their
ability to ionize air, the Curies announced the discovery of polonium, and
then of radium salts weighing about 0.1 gram that had been derived from
tons of uranium ore. After Pierre’s death in 1906, when he was accidentally
struck by a horse-drawn wagon, Marie achieved their objective of producing
a pure specimen of radium.
Just before World War I radium institutes were established for her in France
and in Poland to pursue the scientific and medical uses of radioactivity.
During the war Curie organized a field system of portable X-ray machines to
help in treating wounded French soldiers. 7

8. Albert
Einstein
“There are only two ways to live
your life. One is as though
nothing is a miracle. The other
is as though everything is a
miracle.”
-Albert Einstein
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9. ALBERT’S CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS SOCIETY…
As a physicist, Einstein had many discoveries, but he is perhaps best known for his
theory of relativity and the equation , which foreshadowed the development
of atomic power and the atomic bomb . Einstein first proposed a special theory of
relativity in 1905 in his paper, “On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies,” taking
physics in an electrifying new direction. By November 1915, Einstein completed
the general theory of relativity. Einstein considered this theory the culmination of
his life research. He was convinced of the merits of general relativity because it
allowed for a more accurate prediction of planetary orbits around the sun, which
fell short in Isaac Newton’s theory, and for a more expansive, nuanced explanation
of how gravitational forces worked. Einstein's assertions were affirmed via
observations and measurements by British astronomers Sir Frank Dyson and Sir
Arthur Eddington during the 1919 solar eclipse, and thus a global science icon was
born. 9

10. Werner
Heisenberg
“The first gulp from the glass of
natural sciences will turn you
into an atheist, but at the bottom
of the glass God is waiting for
you.”
-Werner Heisenberg
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11. WERNER’S CONTRIBUTION TOWARDS SOCIETY…
Werner Heisenberg ranks alongside Niels Bohr, Paul Dirac and Richard Feynman as far as his
influence on contemporary physics is concerned. He was one of the most important figures in
the development of quantum mechanics, and its modern interpretation .Heisenberg formulated
the quantum theory of ferromagnetism, the neutron-proton model of the nucleus, the S-matrix
theory in particle scattering, and various other significant breakthroughs in quantum field theory
and high-energy particle physics are associated with him. As a prolific author, Heisenberg wrote
more than 600 original research papers, philosophical essays and explanations for general
audiences. His work is still available in the nine volumes of the “Gesammelte Werke”
(Collected Works).Heisenberg is synonymous with the so-called uncertainty, or indeterminacy,
principle of 1927, for one of the earliest breakthroughs to quantum mechanics in 1925, and for
his suggestion of a unified field theory, the so-called “world formula”. He won the Nobel Prize
for Physics in 1932 at the young age of 31.Heisenberg stayed firmly in Germany during the
worst years of the Hitler regime, heading Germany’s research effort on the applications of
nuclear fission during World War II. He also played a vital role in the reconstruction of West
German science after the war. Heisenberg’s role was crucial in the success of West Germany’s
nuclear and high-energy physics research programs.
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