prevention,causes and management of fruit dropping

1. PREVENTION AND
MANAGEMENT OF FRUIT
DROPPING
M.Kamaraj
B.Sc Agriculture
Annamalai university
Tamilnadu.

2.  Fruit drop is a
detachment or
separation of a fruit from
a branch of a tree or a
plant caused by the
formation of a separation
layer of cells on the fruit
stalk due to series of
physiological or
biochemical events.
Fruit drop

3.  Fruit drops may be dived into three major periods of time:
1. Post bloom drops
2. June drops
3. Pre harvest drops
 Some fruits have additional period of drops:
1. Summer drop
2. Summer fall drop
3. Other fruit drop causes
Types of fruit drop

4.  Post bloom drops occurs within a few weeks of bloom
involving the abscission of flowers and small fruits
 CAUSES
 Inadequate pollination
 Water or temperature stress
 Inadequate nitrogen levels
 Hormonal imbalance
 POSSIBLE SOLUTION
 Application of gibberellic spray reduce the post bloom
fruit drop
Post bloom fruit drops(pfd)

5.  It occurrence in many fruit crops at june . when the
size of many temperate fruits are 1-3 cm in diameter .
 CAUSES
 Water stress , hormone imbalance , competition
among fruitless and high temperature
 POSSIBLE SOLUTION
 Regular overhead irrigation
 Use of growth regulator gibberllic acid (10-20ppm)
and 2-4 D (10-16ppm)
June drop

6.  It occurs after the fruit have reached legal maturity
but prior to harvest.
 CAUSES
 Abscission of mature aging and abscission.
 It becomes severe in particular situations
 Lac of water
 Over fertilization
 Excessive cropping
 POSSIBLE SOLUTION
 Crop thinning by growth regulators may reduce pre-
harvest crop
Pre harvest drop

7.  It occurs during june and july
when fruits are 5-6cm in diameter
 CAUSES
 Production of ethylene
increases in this stage which
leads to fruit abscission.
Summer drop

8.  It occurs from september to october as
fruit near maturity
 CAUSES
 Heavy rain after dry weather
 Natural abscission
Summer fall drop

9. A. INSECTS AND PATHOGENS
 fungicidal ,viral , bacterial diseases , purple scale , mealy
bugs cause peel damage and produce which leads to fruit
drop.
B. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
 Low and high temperature , water stress at late season
high velocity of wind
C . MECHANICAL CAUSES
 Movement of equipment
Other fruit drop causes

11. Thank you