1. By: Andres Payne

2. 1) Nacionalidades
2) Stem Changer
3) Para
4) Object Pronoun Placement
5) Indirect Object Pronoun
6) Gustar
7) Affirmative and negative words
8) Superlatives
9) Reflexives
10) affirmative and negative tu commands/ irregulars/ pronoun
11) Sequencing events
12) Preterit
13) Trigger words
14) –car –gar –zar
15) Deber + infiniive
16) Modal verbs
17) Present progessives
18) Adverbs

5.  Means in order to.
EX. : Vivo para comer
I live to eat.
It can also be used for an indication of destination.
EX: Aaron va para casa.
Aaron goes home.

6.  The object pronoun is what
is receiving the action of the
verb but, instead of being a Object Pronouns
noun, it is replaced by a
pronoun. It is normally Meme
placed in front of the verb
that gives it the action.
YouTe
Ex. : Yo te quiero
I want you. He/she/itLo/ la
Ex. : Lo quiero ver. ThemLos/las
I want to see it.
UsNos
Ex. : Los compros.
I buy them.

7.  An indirect object pronoun tells us to whom or
for whom the direct object is going.
Ex. : John me compra un regalo.
John buys a gift for me.

8.  When using the verb Gustar instead of the verb
conjugating to the person doing the action, it
instead conjugates to the thing receiving the
action.
Ex: Me gustas tu.
Ex: Me gustan los burritos.
Ex: A Juan le gustan los libros.

9. Affirmative
Negative
alguno (any) nada : (nothing)
siempre (always)
también ( also)
nunca (never)
algún (some) nadie ( no-one)
algo (something) ningún (
alguien (someone) anything)
tampoco (nor)

10.  Add Isimo or isima to a word in place of the
word “very”
Ex.: Altisimo (Very tall)
Ex: Ella es ricisima. ( She is very rich)
Ex: Yo soy guapisimo. (I am very handsome)

11.  When the subject of the
sentence does an action on
themselves, you must use a Examples
reflexive noun.
Reflexive Nouns
Me- myself
Yo me lavo.
Te- yourself I wash myself
Se- Me llamo Aaron
Himself/herself/themsel I call myself Aaron.
ves
Yo me lavo la cara.
Nos-ourselves
I wash my face.

12.  When giving a
command, Exceptions:
normal verbs
will simply drop
the ar/er/ir and decir - di salir - sal
put it in the a/e
hacer - haz ser - sé
form.
ir - ve tener - ten
 Ex: Habla!
poner - pon venir - ven
Speak!
Eschucha
Listen!

13.  When commanding someone not to do
something, you use the opposite ending in the
tu form.
Ex:
No Hables!
Don’t speak!
No cuentes el dinero!
Don’t count the money!

14.  When sequencing events, use these words.
Primero- first
Segundo- second
Antes de- before
Duspues de- after
Entonces- Then
Finalmente- Finally

16. • One day un día
• Once una vez
• Yesterday ayer
• At night a noche
• A year ago hace un año
• Already ya
• Last month el mes pasado
• Day before yesterday anteayer
• For one hour por una noche
• At eight a las ocho
• On February 5th el cine de febrero
• Twice dos veces

17.  Words that end in –car –gar –zar
• -car - in yo form »»» qué
•-gar – in yo form »»» gué
•-zar – in yo form »»» cé

18.  Deber means should or ought to.
 Use with an infinitive.
Examples
Debo limpiar la cocina.
I should clean the kitchen.
Debes bailar!
You should dance!

19.  When using modal verbs the second verb isn’t
conjugated.

20.  These tell what you are currently doing.
 Ar becomes ando
 er and ir become iendo

21. •For adjectives with –o of –a endigns, add –mente
to the feminine form.
 Pero, Carmen, debes pasarla cuidadosamente.
•When you uses an accent when an adjective is
changed to an adverb.
 Rápido - rápidamente
 Fácil - fácilmente
•When you use two adverbs, drop the –mente from
the first one
 Lenta y tranquilamente