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Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Lima, Perú
Facultad de Ingeniería Civil
Centro de Educación Continua
Contacto: jorge.c.guillen@hotmail.com
Dr. Ing. Jorge L. Cárdenas Guillen
Profesor Universitario, Ingeniero Civil - Consultor Geotécnico
Lima, Octubre, 2019
Curso Taller
Mecánica de Suelos
Contenido de Humedad
ASTM D-2216
2
Contenido de Humedad
CEC - 2019
Tópicos
• Aspectos Conceptuales
• Equipos de Laboratorio
• Procedimiento del Ensayo
• Cálculo
• Ejemplo Aplicativo
Contenido de Humedad
Aspectos Conceptuales
3
Contenido de Humedad
CEC - 2019
Volumen Peso
Fases del Suelo
𝑉
𝑎
𝑉
𝑤
𝑉
𝑠
𝑉
𝑣
𝑉
𝑚
𝑊
𝑎 = 0
𝑊
𝑤
𝑊
𝑠
𝑊
𝑚
Aspectos Conceptuales
Definición
Relación, expresada como porcentaje, del peso de agua en una
masa dada de suelo, y el peso de las partículas sólidas.
4
Contenido de Humedad
CEC - 2019
𝜔 % =
𝑊
𝑤 × 100
𝑊
𝑠
𝑊
𝑠 = 𝑃𝑒𝑠𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜
𝑊
𝑤 = 𝑃𝑒𝑠𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎
Donde:
Equipos de Laboratorio
5
Contenido de Humedad
CEC - 2019
• Horno de secado.
Capaz de mantener una temperatura de
110°C +/- 5°C.
• Balanza Digital.
De precisión 0.01 g para muestras de
menos de 200 g.
De precisión de 0. 1 g para muestras de
más de 200 g.
Equipos de Laboratorio
6
Contenido de Humedad
CEC - 2019
• Taras y recipientes.
• Tenazas
Para mover y manipular los
recipientes calientes después de
que se hayan secado.
• Otros utensilios.
Cuchillos, espátulas. cucharas, etc.
Procedimiento del Ensayo
• Determinar y registrar el peso
de un recipiente( tara) limpio y
seco.
𝑊𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑎
• Colocar la muestra de suelo
húmedo en el recipiente y
anotar:
𝑊𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑎 + 𝑊𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 ℎú𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑜
7
Contenido de Humedad
CEC - 2019
Procedimiento del Ensayo […]
• Colocar la tara con el suelo
húmedo al horno a
temperatura de 110°C +/- 5°C,
hasta que el peso sea
constante (12h a 16 h).
• Retirar el suelo seco con su tara
y pesarlo, obteniendo:
𝑊𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑎 + 𝑊𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑜
8
Contenido de Humedad
CEC - 2019
Cálculos
Datos del laboratorio:
• 𝑊𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑎
• 𝑊𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑎+ 𝑊𝑆𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 ℎú𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑜
• 𝑊𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑎+ 𝑊𝑆𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜
Operaciones previas:
• 𝑊𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜 = 𝑊𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑎 + 𝑊𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜 − (𝑊𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑎)
• 𝑊𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 ℎú𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑜 = 𝑊𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑎 + 𝑊𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 ℎú𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑜 − (𝑊𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑎)
• 𝑊
𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 𝑊𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 ℎú𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑜 − 𝑊𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜
9
Contenido de Humedad
CEC - 2019
Cálculos […]
10
Contenido de Humedad
CEC - 2019
Finalmente:
• 𝜔 % =
𝑊𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎
𝑊𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜
x100
Ejemplo Aplicativo
11
Contenido de Humedad
CEC - 2019
Ejemplo Aplicativo
12
Contenido de Humedad
CEC - 2019
Consideraciones
13
Contenido de Humedad
CEC - 2019
• Las muestras deben ser remitidas al laboratorio protegidas
para evitar pérdidas de humedad durante el transporte.
• La cantidad mínima de muestra a utilizar está en
concordancia con el tamaño máximo de la partícula (ver
cuadro abajo).
Bibliografía Básica
• Bowles, J.E., (1978). Manual de Laboratorio de Suelos en
Ingeniería Civil, Mc Graw Hill.
• Atkinson, J.H., Bransby, P.L., (1978). The Mechanics of Soils,
An Introduction to Critical State Soil Mechanics. McGraw-Hill.
14
Contenido de Humedad
CEC - 2019
Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería - Facultad de Ingeniería Civil
Centro de Educación Continua
Jorge L. Cárdenas Guillen
email: jorge.c.guillen@hotmail.com
Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Lima, Perú
Facultad de Ingeniería Civil
Centro de Educación Continua
Contacto: jorge.c.guillen@hotmail.com
Dr. Ing. Jorge L. Cárdenas Guillen
Profesor Universitario, Ingeniero Civil - Consultor Geotécnico
Lima, Octubre, 2019
Curso Taller
Mecánica de Suelos
Contenido de Humedad
ASTM D-2216

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3- uni cec-contenido de humedad_jc

  • 1. Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Lima, Perú Facultad de Ingeniería Civil Centro de Educación Continua Contacto: jorge.c.guillen@hotmail.com Dr. Ing. Jorge L. Cárdenas Guillen Profesor Universitario, Ingeniero Civil - Consultor Geotécnico Lima, Octubre, 2019 Curso Taller Mecánica de Suelos Contenido de Humedad ASTM D-2216
  • 2. 2 Contenido de Humedad CEC - 2019 Tópicos • Aspectos Conceptuales • Equipos de Laboratorio • Procedimiento del Ensayo • Cálculo • Ejemplo Aplicativo Contenido de Humedad
  • 3. Aspectos Conceptuales 3 Contenido de Humedad CEC - 2019 Volumen Peso Fases del Suelo 𝑉 𝑎 𝑉 𝑤 𝑉 𝑠 𝑉 𝑣 𝑉 𝑚 𝑊 𝑎 = 0 𝑊 𝑤 𝑊 𝑠 𝑊 𝑚
  • 4. Aspectos Conceptuales Definición Relación, expresada como porcentaje, del peso de agua en una masa dada de suelo, y el peso de las partículas sólidas. 4 Contenido de Humedad CEC - 2019 𝜔 % = 𝑊 𝑤 × 100 𝑊 𝑠 𝑊 𝑠 = 𝑃𝑒𝑠𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜 𝑊 𝑤 = 𝑃𝑒𝑠𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 Donde:
  • 5. Equipos de Laboratorio 5 Contenido de Humedad CEC - 2019 • Horno de secado. Capaz de mantener una temperatura de 110°C +/- 5°C. • Balanza Digital. De precisión 0.01 g para muestras de menos de 200 g. De precisión de 0. 1 g para muestras de más de 200 g.
  • 6. Equipos de Laboratorio 6 Contenido de Humedad CEC - 2019 • Taras y recipientes. • Tenazas Para mover y manipular los recipientes calientes después de que se hayan secado. • Otros utensilios. Cuchillos, espátulas. cucharas, etc.
  • 7. Procedimiento del Ensayo • Determinar y registrar el peso de un recipiente( tara) limpio y seco. 𝑊𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑎 • Colocar la muestra de suelo húmedo en el recipiente y anotar: 𝑊𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑎 + 𝑊𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 ℎú𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑜 7 Contenido de Humedad CEC - 2019
  • 8. Procedimiento del Ensayo […] • Colocar la tara con el suelo húmedo al horno a temperatura de 110°C +/- 5°C, hasta que el peso sea constante (12h a 16 h). • Retirar el suelo seco con su tara y pesarlo, obteniendo: 𝑊𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑎 + 𝑊𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑆𝑒𝑐𝑜 8 Contenido de Humedad CEC - 2019
  • 9. Cálculos Datos del laboratorio: • 𝑊𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑎 • 𝑊𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑎+ 𝑊𝑆𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 ℎú𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑜 • 𝑊𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑎+ 𝑊𝑆𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜 Operaciones previas: • 𝑊𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜 = 𝑊𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑎 + 𝑊𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜 − (𝑊𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑎) • 𝑊𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 ℎú𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑜 = 𝑊𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑎 + 𝑊𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 ℎú𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑜 − (𝑊𝑡𝑎𝑟𝑎) • 𝑊 𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 = 𝑊𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 ℎú𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑜 − 𝑊𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜 9 Contenido de Humedad CEC - 2019
  • 10. Cálculos […] 10 Contenido de Humedad CEC - 2019 Finalmente: • 𝜔 % = 𝑊𝑎𝑔𝑢𝑎 𝑊𝑠𝑢𝑒𝑙𝑜 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜 x100
  • 13. Consideraciones 13 Contenido de Humedad CEC - 2019 • Las muestras deben ser remitidas al laboratorio protegidas para evitar pérdidas de humedad durante el transporte. • La cantidad mínima de muestra a utilizar está en concordancia con el tamaño máximo de la partícula (ver cuadro abajo).
  • 14. Bibliografía Básica • Bowles, J.E., (1978). Manual de Laboratorio de Suelos en Ingeniería Civil, Mc Graw Hill. • Atkinson, J.H., Bransby, P.L., (1978). The Mechanics of Soils, An Introduction to Critical State Soil Mechanics. McGraw-Hill. 14 Contenido de Humedad CEC - 2019
  • 15. Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería - Facultad de Ingeniería Civil Centro de Educación Continua Jorge L. Cárdenas Guillen email: jorge.c.guillen@hotmail.com
  • 16. Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Lima, Perú Facultad de Ingeniería Civil Centro de Educación Continua Contacto: jorge.c.guillen@hotmail.com Dr. Ing. Jorge L. Cárdenas Guillen Profesor Universitario, Ingeniero Civil - Consultor Geotécnico Lima, Octubre, 2019 Curso Taller Mecánica de Suelos Contenido de Humedad ASTM D-2216