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Information Sources
- 1. What are Information Sources? LIB 640Information Sources and Services Spring 2015
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- 3. 3 What about referencesources? reference source • Any publication from which authoritative information can be obtained, including but not limited to reference books, catalog records, printed indexes and abstracting services, and bibliographic databases. Individuals and services outside the library that can be relied upon to provide authoritative information are considered resources for referral.
- 4. 4 And reference books? referencebook • A book designed to be consulted when authoritative information is needed, rather than read cover to cover. Reference books often consist of a series of signed or unsigned “entries” listed alphabetically under headwords or headings, or in some other arrangement (classified, numeric, etc.). The category includes almanacs, atlases, bibliographies, biographical sources, catalogs, concordances, dictionaries, directories, discographies and filmographies, encyclopedias, glossaries, handbooks, indexes, manuals, research guides, union lists, yearbooks, etc., whether published commercially or as government documents. Long reference works may be issued in multivolume sets, with any indexes in the last volume. Reference works that require continuous updating may be published serially, sometimes as loose-leaf services.
- 5. 5 Another way to lookat it http://www.bobbieneate.co.uk/teacher.htm
- 6. April 20, 2015 6 Knowyour reference books When you pick up a reference book: • Note the author and publisher, and perhaps the author's credentials. • Check the copyright date. Given the type of information the tool covers, is it likely to be current enough? • What is the purpose and scope of the book (check for preface)? • Review the table of contents. What is the scope of the material? Is it biased toward one viewpoint? • Review the index (if there is none, is that a significant drawback?). What approaches does the index use?
- 7. April 20, 2015 7 Moreknow your books • Page through to see what special features may be there. Are there photos? Charts and graphs? Appendices? • What is the level of the book? Who is the intended audience? • Make up a short “test” for the book. Think up some questions that you feel, based on the review you've done, that the book should be able to answer. Does it? • Has anyone else on the staff had experience with this book? How do they feel about it?
- 8. 8 Arrangement of Reference Books •http://books.google.com/books?isbn=0787294489
- 9. Alphabetical order There aretwo methods of alphabetizing. The letter- by-letter system ignores punctuation and spaces between words. The word-by-word system organizes by the first word, then the second word, and so on. Here is an example: • Letter-by-letter Word-by-word Bookcase Book club Book club Book fair Bookend Bookcase Book fair Bookend • Glossary Of Library and Research Terms Introduction to Library Research 9
- 10. Need to evaluateinformation April 20, 2015 10 http://caspian.switchinc.org/~tutorials/modeval/01- why.html http://caspian.switchinc.org/~tutorials/modeval/index.html
- 11. 11 Criteria for evaluation EvaluationCriteria • When evaluating printed texts or electronic documents, consider the following criteria: • Source • Authority • Purpose • Objectivity • Currency • Completeness • Relevance http://libguides.santarosa.edu/evaluate
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- 13. 13 Critical Evaluation ofResources How do you make sense of what is out there and evaluate its authority and appropriateness for your research? • Suitability • Authority • Other indicators • Reference Sources http://guides.lib.berkeley.edu/evaluating-resources
- 14. 14 Suitability Scope • What isthe breadth of the article, book, website or other material? Audience • Who is the intended audience for this source? Timeliness • When was the source published? Scholarly vs. Popular • http://guides.lib.berkeley.edu/evaluating-resources#suitability
- 15. 15 Authority Who is theauthor? What are his or her credentials? • Sometimes information about the author is listed somewhere in the article. Other times, you may need to consult another resource to get background information on the author. Sometimes it helps to search the author’s name in a general web search engine like Google. • http://guides.lib.berkeley.edu/evaluating-resources#authority
- 16. 16 Other indicators Documentation • Abibliography, along with footnotes, indicate that the author has consulted other sources and serves to authenticate the information that he or she is presenting. Objectivity • What point of view does the author represent? Primary vs. secondary research • In determining the appropriateness of a resource, it may be helpful to determine whether it is primary research or secondary research. • http://guides.lib.berkeley.edu/evaluating-resources#indicators
- 17. Distinguish Between Primary andSecondary Sources 17 http://www.yale.edu/collections_collaborative/primarysources/primarysources.html
- 18. Distinguish Between Primaryand Secondary Sources 18 • Biographies • Commentaries • Dissertations • Indexes, Abstracts, Bibliographies (used to locate primary & secondary sources) • Journal Articles • Monographs http://www.library.illinois.edu/village/primarysource/ mod1/pg2.htm
- 19. What about TertiarySources? 19 You’ll find some differences in interpretation about these examples. As you see, some would consider encyclopedias secondary sources. See this guide from the University of Illinois, for example. http://www.lib.umd.edu/ues/guides/primary-sources
- 20. Which is best:print or online? 20 The full article is available on Canvas Source: Reference Librarian; 2005, Issue 91/92, p39- 51, 13p