Chanel and Schiaparelli Fashion Rivalry

Chanel And Elsa Schiaparelli Analysis
The period between two World Wars was dominated by two fabulous female fashion designers,
Gabrielle (Coco) Chanel and Elsa Schiaparelli, whose rivalry was legendary. The two designers
evolve in the same environment, sharing many friends, however their approaches to fashion could
not have been more different. For Chanel, fashion is a profession, for Schiaparelli it is art. The
Italian creator Elsa Schiaparelli (1890–1973) is on of the major figures of 1930s fashion.
Schiaparelli's designs alongside reflecting her astonishing personality, tell us a lot about the socio–
economical, political and artistic context of the period when she was creating (1927–opening of her
boutique, 1954–closing of her fashion house).
Shiaparelli was born in Rome in the Palazzo Corsini ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Preoccupied by the war, in 1941 she left Paris for New York, though her fashion house stayed
opened. After the War she returned to Paris, but her impact was overshadowed by the appearance of
a new generation of designers, particularly Cristobal Balenciaga and Christian Dior. At that time,
Dior, like Schiaparelli twenty years earlier, caught attention of American and European clients with
"the New Look" that, as well, was provoking, but of a different and more "common" sort.
Shiaparellli closed her house in 1954, the same year that her famous competitor Chanel returned to
the business, by adaption her dressmaking to the new era. Schiaparelli's influence is visible on some
of the 20th century most famous designers, such as Yves Saint Laurent, Jean Paul Gaultier and
Christian Lacroix. Her impact is also visible on some collections of Raf Simons, Alber Elbaz and Jil
Sander, as an inspiration bringing joyful clothes without minimalism or exuberance, rather humor,
originality and intrigue, which always find a "comeback" on a fashion history
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Edith Head: Hollywood's First Woman Fashion Designer Essay
The 1930s ushered in the Golden Age of Hollywood when new technological advances brought
lighting, photography, and sound to a new level of excellence. Along with these technical advances,
wardrobe departments of major motion picture studios were busy as costume designers, with the
assistance of skilled seamstresses, milliners, and tailors, produced stunning garments for glamorous
movie stars. During the 1930s and 1940s the field of costume design was dominated by men. But,
that didn't stop Edith Head, who would become one of Hollywood's most prolific designers,
working on more than 500 films, a record for a career such as hers.
One thing that separated Edith from her colleagues was that she was making clothes to suit a
character; for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At this point, Edith enrolled in night classes at first at the Otis Art Institute and later at the
Chouinard. Her specialties were landscapes. Edith retreated into her own world while her husband
Charles Head traveled and worked. They spent little time together and their lives grew separately. It
was her Catholic faith that not only kept her married but also helped her through this trying period.
When Howard Greer, chief designer at what would be Paramount, placed an ad in the paper looking
for a sketch artists, Edith answered. Because she had no experience in costume design she asked her
fellow students at Chouinard to provide some designs which she signed, and headed off to
Paramount. Greer was impressed and hired her at fifty dollars a week. She later said of the borrowed
portfolio: I was studying seascape and all I could draw was oceans. I needed a portfolio, so I
borrowed sketches I didn't steal them. I asked everybody in the class for a few costume design
sketches. And I had
3
the most fantastic assortment you've ever seen in your life. When you get a class of forty to give
you sketches, you get a nice selection. It never occurred to me that it was quite dishonest. And all
the students thought it was fun, too, just like a dare to see if I could get the job. I didn't say the work
was mine. I said "This is the sort of thing we do in our school." (Head, 19) The pay was good but the
work was far from glamorous. Greer was locked in his

France During The Cold War
Christa Dorvil
September 24th 2014
Professor Laffer
Short Assignment 4
"By the end of the 1950s, the dream of a stable peace in Europe had been obliterated. There had
been considerable historical debate over who bears the most responsibility for starting what would
henceforth be called the Cold War. In the 1950s, most scholars in the West assumed that the bulk of
the blame must fall on the shoulders of Joseph Stalin, whose determination to impose Soviet rule on
the countries of Eastern Europe snuffed out hopes for freedom and self–determination there and
aroused justifiable fears of communist expansion in the Western Democracies."(Duiker, William J.)
At the end of the Cold War France had to evaluate its defense policy. The Soviet Union Empire ...
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France's society at that time was not accepting of the whole idea of feminism. Before the war and
the introduction of feminism everyone had roles in society and man and woman roles were
completely opposite. There were things that women should not do in France like "smoke on the
street, indulge in alcohol, or be course or vulgar." In France there was a lot of pressure from the
people and the media to "fit–in" from being seen in a sexual way and needing to be attractive to
even get employed. In addition, man and woman with the same position and skills have been seen
receiving different salary, with the woman being the one that receives the lower salary. Women are
underrepresented in the French government and till this day there has only been one female prime

Audrey Hepburn Research Paper Outline
Love. Beauty. Poise. These are all words that make me think of Audrey Hepburn. Her whole life she
was deprived of love from the people she most needed it from. Every part of Audrey needed to give
love, and for the rest of her life that's exactly what she did. Audrey Kathleen Ruston was born May
4, 1929 in Brussels, Belgium. She was born to Ella the Baroness Van Heemstra Ruston and Joseph
Ruston. (Enchantment: The Life of Audrey Hepburn– pg.5 paragraph 2 and pg.7 paragraph 3) When
she was five, her parents sent her to boarding school in England. Just soon after her father walked
out on the family and she rarely ever saw him again. This would traumatize Audrey for the rest of
her life. "She didn't have a lot of great technique, but she definitely had talent." Said a critic who
watched Audrey perform. (Audrey1.org– Biography section, section under 1946) This one line sums
up Audrey Hepburn's whole career. Audrey started ballet when she was very little. She fell in love
with it immediately, and as she got older she strived to be a prima ballerina. When the Nazi's
invaded Holland, Audrey became part of the Dutch Resistance. She gave ballet lessons ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She met and married a physiatrist who shared her passion of giving back. She became an
ambassador for UNICEF, devoting the rest of her life to this cause. Audrey is remembered for so
many things, movies, fashion and giving back. Her greatest accomplishments in her eyes are the
ones that came later on in her life with her work with UNICEF. She used her earlier more
glamourous accomplishments to bring attention to what was really important to her, helping people
out of poverty and disease. Love. Beauty. Poise. These are all things that make me think of Audrey
Hepburn but knowing even more about her true devotion to helping others makes those things pale
in

Reasons Why Paris Became The 21st Century Most Important...
Paris became the first capital city of fashion and whether it can still be considered the 21st Century
most important fashion city.
Introduction
The definition of fashion capital – In furthermore, Cities that are known worldwide and recognized
by the fashion industry, known for a range of roles that associate with such businesses,
entertainment and unique international profile. The points I will be addressing in this essay is how
the historical past of Paris became an influence of fashion in the late 17th Century and how they
have maintain their reputation of their culture and style overs past century, and the difference
between Paris and other fashion capital which makes them so unique and whether they will be still
considered as the 21st Century most important fashion city.
History
There are many reasons why Paris is the capital of fashion. One core reason brings us back in the
late 17th Century. Although this debate is justifiable, the source of how fashion expanded and
became so much part of today world. Firstly, Fashion started too bloomed in France in the 17th
Century. Paris own their respect and status of becoming the first fashion capital to "Louis XIV"
known as the "Sun King" who was king of France in the late 16th Century. He desire was to turn
France into absolutist state, where nobles and people who inherited royalty hold great power. Louis
was responsible for delivering his own unique style of fashion to France. He started many trends
around France, such as

Audrey Hepburn : The Life Of Audrey Wilson's Life
Audrey Kathleen Ruston, commonly known as Audrey Hepburn, is one of the twelve heavyweights
who are a part of the EGOT Club. This means that the famous person has won multiple awards
including: Emmy, Grammy, Oscar, and Tony awards. Audrey Hepburn, a famous, multi–talented
actress, dealt with a difficult childhood, became a star as a young woman, and died as a well–
respected humanitarian. Audrey Hepburn did not have a positive upbringing due to specific events
that affected her negatively. Hepburn, was the daughter of a banker and a Dutch baroness. This
humanitarian's name was originally Edda Van Heemstra Hepburn–Ruston. Hepburn was born near
Brussels on May 4, 1929. She and her mother lived in the Netherlands, moreover, during World War
II, they vacationed in Holland. While there, they were caught in the occupation of the Nazi's. Audrey
recalls her brother being sent to a labor camp, while her uncle and cousin were executed (James).
While living with her grandparents, young Audrey confirms that she was given food from an agency
that helped relieve the awful conditions including: famine, drought, and filth; the agency was a
predecessor for UNICEF (The United Nations Children's Fund). Hepburn declared that, "your soul
is nourished by all your experiences." After the war, they both moved to London, and Audrey
proceeded to study ballet and acting (Lagasse). In addition to starvation in Holland, this young
model felt confined. After only being able to eat a diet made up of "tulip bulbs," which made flour,
Hepburn understood the World War II experience in full. Years past, she received an offer to play
Anne Frank in "The Diary of Anne Frank," she declined the offer as she reports that Frank's
experience hit too close to home for her to play the role ("Audrey Hepburn"). Surviving the war
with her mother, Hepburn decided to move back to Switzerland in her later years of life with a
wealthy man named Mogavero 2 Robert Wolders for the last twelve years of her life. In addition,
she was nominated for three Oscars. Her film, Roman Holiday, where she played an exhausted
European princess who just wanted to take a break from her duties, was the last and only win that
she achieved. Before her death in 1993, she won a

Burberry Brand Designer
Ten leading designers/designer brands in the world
Burberry.
Burberry was founded in 1856 by Thomas Burberry. He opened his store in Basingstoke,
Hampshire, England. The British luxury fashion house, distributes clothing , fashion accessories and
fragrances. Its distinctive tartan pattern has become one of its most widely copied trademarks.
Burberry is most famous for its trench coat, which was designed by Thomas Burberry himself. The
company is also best known for its accessories, bags, shoes, watches and fragrance among other
products.
Burberry operates under three sub brands– Burberry Prorsum, Burberry London and Burberry Brit.
The different patterns of checks the brand has been famous for, are Horseferry, Haymarket, Nova,
Supernova, Exploded, Smoked and The Beat.
It is a brand with a distinctive British sensibility and strong international recognition. Strong
commitment to brand values and consistency in all areas gives it its strong place in the market.
Dior
The French luxury goods company, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This 90 year old brand is one of the most sophisticated luxury brands of the modern day.
Exclusivity, Italian craftsmanship and their status as a fashion authority form the basis of the
company's philosophy. Gucci has a strong brand image and is known for its innovative luxury
products. This fact keeps it ruling the market.
Dolce & Gabbana
Dolce & Gabbana fashion house was founded in 1985 in Legnano by Italian designers Domenico
Dolce and Stefano Gabbana. They presented their first women's collection in 1985 in Milan. An year
later they opened their store in the same city. Today the brand has its presence all around the world.
Clothing , lingerie, footwear, handbags, sunglasses, watches, jewellery, perfumery and cosmetics are
some of the key products of Dolce and Gabbana.

Product's quality, design and exclusivity are the key behind the brand's success.

Luxury Good and Gucci
Company Profile
Gucci group is one of the world's leading multi–brand luxury goods companies. Thanks to a clear
strategy and a set of unique competitive advantages, the group has developed and strengthened a
prestigious brand portfolio, broad product range and extensive geographical presence worldwide.
The group well balanced brand portfolio includes prestigious and clearly identified luxury brands
with a distinctive, specific role. Gucci, Bottega Veneta and Yves Saint Laurent are the engines of
organic growth. Boucheron offers complementary expertise in segments like jewellery and watches.
Balenciaga, Stella McCartney, Alexander McQueen and Sergio Rossi are cutting–edge brands with
high potential for long–term growth.
Gucci group ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This strategic partnership represents the materialization of a shared vision regarding long–term
growth prospects in the Haute Horlogerie Segment.
2009 Feb:
BE dat &co. the niche young mono–product brand is sold to Malaysia based luxury Concepts
Wathes & Jewellery in partnership with brand's current acting–CEO Viviane Fankhauser and will
continue to design, market and sell luxury swiss watches under the Bedat&co brand.
The House of Gucci, better known simply as Gucci (Italian pronunciation: [ɡuttʃʃi]), is an Italian
fashion and leather goods label, part of the Gucci Group, which is owned by French company
Pinault–Printemps–Redoute (PPR). Gucci was founded by Guccio Gucci in Florence in 1921.
Gucci generated circa €2.2 billion worldwide of revenue in 2008 according to BusinessWeek
magazine and climbed to 41st position in the magazine's annual 2009 "Top Global 100 Brands"
chart created by Interbrand. Gucci is also the biggest–selling Italian brand in the world.[2] Gucci
operates about 278 directly operated stores worldwide (at September 2009) and it wholesales its

Coco Chanel Research Paper
From my reading I have ascertained that there is almost a definite line in fashion. A before Chanel
and an after Chanel. With so many revolutionary breakthroughs this designer drew a definite line in
the sand with her work. Common fashion staples in the twenty–first century were a direct result of
Chanel. Such as the well–known "Little Black Dress" more commonly nicknamed the LBD.
According to Jessa Krick who wrote a short article for the Met Museum said the following, "In
1926, American Vogue likened Chanel's "little black dress" to the Ford, alluding to its almost
universal popularity as a fashion basic." (2004) The significance of relating the LBD to Ford is the
fact that everyone had a Ford. The popularity came from the notion that the dress was versatile
enough to be either a day or evening dress. It was also somewhat innovating due to the color. Before
Chanel the color black had been harsh and only worn for mourning purposes. Proving another time
when Chanel broke the rules and changed the world. (Dunne, E., 2013; Krick, J., 2004)
In a Time cover story done about the most influential designer, Coco Chanel, a brief history was
given about the designer. She made her name first in the 1920's and 1930s, then ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Even though my argument is to show how she is perhaps the most influential designer of the
twentieth and twenty–first century, I am not discounting the contribution of other designers. In fact,
I believe that there are compelling arguments out there for designers such as, Dolce and Gabbana,
Tom Ford (Gucci), Hubert de Givenchy, and Christian Dior to name a few. All of these designers
have been in the fashion game for decades and have made their own accomplishments. I would not
want to disregard any of their contributions. Chanel has made a significant impact for women and
my own life, and so I definitely feel more of a connection to her and the changes she

Luxury Good and Gucci
Company Profile Gucci group is one of the world's leading multi–brand luxury goods companies.
Thanks to a clear strategy and a set of unique competitive advantages, the group has developed and
strengthened a prestigious brand portfolio, broad product range and extensive geographical presence
worldwide. The group well balanced brand portfolio includes prestigious and clearly identified
luxury brands with a distinctive, specific role. Gucci, Bottega Veneta and Yves Saint Laurent are the
engines of organic growth. Boucheron offers complementary expertise in segments like jewellery
and watches. Balenciaga, Stella McCartney, Alexander McQueen and Sergio Rossi are cutting–edge
brands with high potential for long–term growth. Gucci group has ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
At the time, brothers Aldo and Rodolfo controlled equal 50% shares of the company, though
Rodolfo contributed less to the company than Aldo and his sons did.At this time Aldo initiate his
grandson Uberto Gucci to join the family company , where in the 1984, takes the leads as
VicePresident in the GUCCI PARFUMES BRANCH. In 1979, Aldo developed the Gucci
Accessories Collection, or GAC, intended to bolster the sales for the Gucci Perfumes sector, which
his sons controlled. GAC consisted of small accessories, such as cosmetic bags, lighters, and pens,
which were priced at considerably lower points than the other items in the company's accessories
catalogue. Aldo relegated control of Perfumes to his son Roberto in an effort to weaken Rodolfo's
control of the overall operations of the company. Though the Gucci Accessories Collection was well
received, it proved to be the force that brought the Gucci dynasty crashing down. Within a few
years, the Perfumes division began outselling the Accessories division. The newly–founded
wholesaling business had brought the once–exclusive brand to over a thousand stores in the United
States alone with the GAC line, deteriorating the brand's standing with fashionable customers. "In
the 1960s and 1970s," writes Vanity Fair editor Graydon Carter, "Gucci had been at the pinnacle of
chic, thanks to icons such as Audrey Hepburn, Grace Kelly, and Jacqueline Onassis. But by the
1980s, Gucci had lost

Cristobal Balenciaga, the Spanish Couturier
Cristobal Balenciaga
Biography
Balenciaga was born on January 21st, 1895 in Getaria a small fishing village located in the Basque
region of Spain. During his early years he spent most of his time being an apprentice of his own
mother who was a seamstress. During his teens the noblest woman of the region, the Marquesa of
Casa Torres became his patron and his first client. Balenciaga was send by the noble woman to
Madrid to receive formal training in tailoring; she proudly wore and showed off the results.
This opportunity gave a young Balenciaga success in his native country and made him one of the
few couturiers in History who was able to design, cut and sew his creations. As Balenciaga once
noted "A couturier must be an architect for ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He designed the wedding dresses of Sonsoles Diaz de Rivera the daughter of his Spanish muse, the
Marquesa de Llanzol and General Francisco Franco's granddaughter. In 1936 he opened his
boutique on 10 Avenue George V (where the flagship store stands today). He became an instant
success; customers came brawling at the doors of the boutique claiming for his bows and boleros.
After the war when the world again became style–conscious. Queens, princesses, duchesses, movie
stars, and the wives of millionaires often were photographed for the pages of newspaper society
columns and fashion magazines wearing the latest Balenciaga creation. Hollywood starlets such as
Carole Lombard, Greta Garbo, Marlene Dietrich, Ginger Rogers and others were frequent at his
salon. His funnel collared creations were worn by society's elite including Pauline de Rothschild,
Marella Agnelli and Gloria Guiness. It is rumored that fashion icon Jackie Kennedy upset her
husband John F Kennedy for having an extensive Balenciaga collection because he feared the
American public would think their lifestyle was too lavish.
Balenciaga always insisted that only women of strong character would dare to wear his designs.
When the designer retired in 1968, one of his most devoted clients the stylish Countess Mona
Bismarck mourned the news

1940s Fashion Trends
The age of modernism in the 1940–50s was a major turning point in fashion, leading up to timeless
and iconic garments created by large–scale haute couture designers such as Christian Dior, Coco
Chanel, and Hubert de Givenchy. Fashion of the 1950s was a segway into the modern era of high–
end clothing, and introduced high fashion designers, who are still tremendously significant to the
world of fashion today. The idea of modernism really took off after World War II, when society took
a sharp change in the way people acted, expressed themselves, and dressed. As the economy in
many countries boomed, so did consumer goods. People had a new demand for new appliances and
conveniences; as well as a new way to dress. What World War II also changed was pop culture,
affecting many youths and young women. Women desired a more "rebellious" way to dress, by
showing more cleavage and leg. With this desire, "most early twentieth–century designers were
engaged on some level with the logic of the new" (Parkins 1). Women of the 1940s were inspired by
new feminist movements and felt proud to be a woman. Because of this, fashion changed
dramatically from corsets, to short dresses and "scandalous" bathing suits. World War II began in
1939, and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The 1940s and 1950s allowed fashion designers to explore shapes, textures, and colors, and
incorporating these elements of art into their garments. Not only this, the Modernist ideal simplified
the mainstream definition of fashion, and threw away the restrictions of what the "typical woman"
should look like. Although fashion changes daily, the turn of the twentieth century completely
altered the way people worldwide saw the fashion industry. Fashion "functions as an intimate join
between body and world, linking individuals" (Parkins 7), and embraces culture throughout the

How Does Audrey Hepburn's Effect On Hollywood
When people think of an actor or actress they do not often think about how they changed the acting
and entertaining world. Most people's minds automatically turn to the movies that the actor has
performed in. Females in the 1950's were changing and became stronger, more independent, and
more motivated to fulfill their dreams. During that era, not many actors and actresses faced very big
struggles like Audrey Hepburn did, but she has lived out a great legacy. Audrey Hepburn has had an
everlasting effect on today's culture with her struggles, confidence, fashion, and her love to help
others. World War II affected many people and one specific person is Audrey Hepburn. Hepburn
was ten when Germany invaded Poland, and she went by the false name Edda Van ... Show more
Careers are a huge part of your life. Audrey Hepburn started off thinking that she wanted to pressure
ballet but was told she was not good enough. Even though she could not become a professional in
the art of ballet she still had opportunities to show off her dancing in High Button Shoes and in
Sauce Piquante. When she was in England, Hepburn took small modeling jobs and auditioned for
different acts. Becoming very well at something takes practice and even though it was hard Hepburn
kept on trying to get better and she said "I worked like an idiot" (Audrey Hepburn Children's Fund
Staff Member). Practicing to become great takes time but Hepburn did not give up because she was
strong and did not quit. Audrey Hepburn was in the movie Monte Carlo Baby when the producer
saw her she wanted her to be in her broadway play Gigi as Gigi. tried to decline the offer because
she thought that she could not act but gave in and became the star of the play. When people think
they are not good enough for something they tend to give up but Hepburn did the exact opposite, she
kept on going and became a great actress who will be remembered for a long

Comparison Between Hubert De Givenchy And Audrey Hepburn
Prior muses regularly held a more noteworthy impact over outline motivations while today's muses
appear to have a greater amount of an impact on promotion battles, scents and embellishments.
Hubert De Givenchy and Audrey Hepburn are apparently a standout amongst the most persuasive
combines in the historical backdrop of the mold muse. Hepburn chose noteworthy pieces from
Givenchy's accumulations and breathed life into them for featuring parts in such notable movies as
"Amusing Face" (1957), "Sabrina" (1954) and obviously "Breakfast at Tiffany's" (1961). Audrey
trusted Givenchy's plans gave her acting included profundity and material while Givenchy
wondered about the life and vitality the on–screen character gave his outlines on ... Show more
One commentator called him "kissed by the rages." Yet Millicent restrained him with her inimitable
way; alleviating, requesting but then complimenting. She generally got what she requested, and their
relationship was viewed as a standout amongst the most well–known and productive designer
customer joint efforts in American form history. His initially plan for her was a robe, a "dishabille"
of white and rose organdy trimmed with trim and bread shaded strips when she was hospitalized
with an episode of her repeating heart infirmity. Intuitively he comprehended style and delicacy as a
tonic for her assurance. He made more than 45 unique outlines for Millicent, and her money related
support was basic to his business achievement in the late

Summary Of Fashion Design By Crist�bal Balenciaga
Cristóbal Balenciaga was a fashion designer who always wanted to trial different styles. To lead him
the route in which he would then outline an altogether novel outfit and it is this origination that the
Victoria and Albert Museum have opted to concentrate on this orderly constructed exhibition.
The exhibition is closely structured around three sections: 'Front of House' looks at Balenciaga's
salons, 'Workrooms' uncovers what happens behind the scenes, and 'Balenciaga's Legacy' examines
the impact he has had on other major fashion brands.
From start to finish, the show focuses on the most minor subtle elements that made Balenciaga's
fashion. The designer was never reluctant to be striking as far as style and praising procedure as
opposed to style. 'Cristóbal Balenciaga's work was so true to modernity and femininity. Innovative
and inviting, his work is always inspiring'.
The show uncovers this was a creator who needed to guarantee that each component of his creations
was impeccable, required with each and every progression in making the 'ideal' outfit. If there was
the smallest mistake, he would have torn a design apart and started again in order to keep in full
control, something that had influenced other designers who appreciated his work including Hubert
de Givenchy.
Sari dress in brocaded silk by Leonard with beading by Lesage.
Balenciaga has made different versions of saris, Indian saris are formed of a single, long piece of
fabric, which is pleated and

Stereotypes In Hollywood
In Hollywood, they represent French women in many different ways. One of the ways they were
represented was through beauty. Another way they were through intelligence, and lastly was being
their self, and not being afraid to express who they are. I believe now days, society tries to show
younger girls how the "ideal" beauty should be in all of us. In the United States, seeing TV
commercials of the new underwear from Victoria Secret, which represents a model who is cover in
fake spray tan, too many surgeries just to be able to named "The perfect beauty".
Not just only in TV commercials, but also in "reality" TV shows, and I put it in quotes because its
usually not reality, but just some fake act they put for the audience. But for example the Kardashians
try to put an ideal icon for young woman out there to imitate the looks ... Show more content on
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Also what professor Denato mention in class of how French woman can put something together
clothes wise and they will always look famous, which is true. But the other topic I wanted to talk
about is the stereotypes Hollywood makes towards France in the movie. I remember towards the
beginning of the semester, professor Denato showed us a clip of a movie where they were quite a
few of stereotypes. One of the stereotypes was about an American family visiting France and not
knowing the language, and all the family members wearing berets with their name on it.
Which was quite funny because I have notice that Hollywood tends to exaggerate a lot when it
comes to other cultures, because they also do the same with Spanish movies, and make the woman
be obnoxious and loud, and in a way psycho girlfriends or wives, which in a way it is kind of true
but VERY stereotypical. In the short scene professor Denato showed us was how French people are
rude and stuck up people to the Americans that visit France, and made the French people look

Audrey Hepburn's Influence On The Fashion Industry
Noted as the most emulated and admired style in the world, Audrey Hepburn managed to balance
comfort and simplicity to create a type of signature look (Lumiere, 2013). The style that is still well
known today was not made in a studio. Between the elegance Ms. Hepburn brought to the table and
the simple designs of Hubert de Givenchy, the rest of her characteristics seemed to fall perfectly into
place. Along with the excellent choices in movie roles and the outfits provided by Givenchy, the
only thing left to do was to make the movies that would preserve her name into history. Starting
with Sabrina, a romantic comedy in reverse, the outfits of Givenchy made their first debut on Ms.
Hepburn in this film (Murray, 2014). Ms. Hepburn paid for all ... Show more content on
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Once a small girl starving in the Netherlands, Audrey Hepburn overcomes such a difficult situation
and peruses a wonderful career in cinema. From dancing in a skintight black outfit to the small black
dress, the style of Ms. Hepburn was in high demand in the fifties and is still considered in demand
today. The styles designed by none other than Hubert de Givenchy were made specifically for his
muse, Audrey Hepburn. The impact she had on the fashion industry is considered to be the most of
any actress over the past hundred years. Ms. Hepburn sealed her fate in the history books by
devoting the last few years of her life to UNICEF. Her generous acts of kindness helped preserve her
as a humanitarian in history. Mostly known for her iconic movie roles, her dedication to helping
impoverished children around the world, and her incredible taste in clothing, Audrey Hepburn is one
of the most well remembered actresses from the twentieth century film–producing era. Known for
being subtle and effortless when it came to fashion, the iconic Audrey Hepburn will furthermore be
remembered as the biggest style influence of the twentieth

First Little Black Dress: Everlasting Influence On Film
Created nearly a century ago by Coco Chanel, worn by Edith Piaf as she sang about love and loss
and made an everlasting impact on fashion in film. The little Black has changed over the years
constantly reinventing itself, however is remains a staple in every women's wardrobe. As it
continues to evolve it is nevertheless a symbol of understated elegance.
During the 19th century, a symbol for mourning and respect for the dead.
Wasn't until the 1880s John Singer Sargent's painted the portrait Madame X that wearing a black
dress was considered to be fashionable.
Sex appeal surrounding the painting was controversial.
Coco Chanel designed the first Little Black Dress which was exhibited as an illustration in the 1926
edition of Vogue.
Became known

Analysis Of Marc Bohan 's First Haute Couture Collection...
Describing the furor at Marc Bohan's first haute couture collection for Christian Dior, the New York
Times reported "the shouting, clapping, surging mob at the press showing caused chaos in the
elegant salon. Marc Bohan was... kissed, mauled, and congratulated. Chairs were toppled." Bohan's
Spring/Summer 1961 collection, the "Slim Look," surged a wave of enthusiastic admiration that
signaled the beginning of his spirited tenure at Dior. From 1961 until 1989, Bohan was the House of
Dior. The fashion produced during that period kept true to Christian Dior's conservative elegance
but was infused with Bohan's svelte style. Concentrating on luxury ready–to–wear, Bohan
rejuvenated iconic looks, keeping the client and her body in mind, while ... Show more content on
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At this position, he learned how to create a collection to satisfy a new market: London. Suddenly in
1960 Yves Saint Laurent, the current artistic director, was drafted into France's military service and
Bohan was positioned to fill the void. The House of Dior anticipated that Bohan would be fit to
restore the classic, conservative nature of the brand back from Yves Saint Laurent's final
controversial and criticized collection.
In the years before Bohan's arrival at Dior, the house had struggled to maintain a cohesive brand.
With the death of Christian Dior in 1957, chaos ensued as Yves Saint Laurent was appointed to
artistic director. Initially producing designs lauded by the industry that contained exquisite fabrics
and the finest craftsmanship, Saint Laurent began to construct clothing that was more daring and
that strayed farther from Dior's idea of the brand. Saint Laurent's last collection, labeled "Le Beat
Look," consisted of leather skirts, black turtlenecks, and crocodile–embossed leather that mimicked
a bohemian style, heavily inspired by youth culture. When he was called to serve in the French
Army during the Algerian War of Independence in 1960, the House of Dior was relieved of his
departure; they ushered Bohan back to Paris and instated him as chief designer and artistic director.
Because Bohan's career had mirrored Dior's, they both trained under Piguet and Molyneux, the

Evolution Secret of the Haute Couture World
Evolution Secret of the Haute Couture World
Introduction
In some normal people mind, they might not know what the word "Haute Couture" means because
they are expensive, luxurious and exclusive. Haute Couture is actually strictly defined as "high
sewing", haute couture has evolved from the days when it was invented by the Chambre Syndicale
de la Confection et de la couture pour Dames et fillettes which means trade–union room of clothes
industry and the seam for ladies and young girls in 1868. (Deborah Bee, Couture in the 21th century,
2010:p7). It is about the tailoring– the creation of exclusive, handmade garments, after a series of
fittings, to the highest possible standard. In the following parts, it is going to show the secrets, ...
After decades, the original designers kept passing out and made their first assistants such as Yves
Mathieu–Saint–Laurent, Karl Lagerfeld, John Galliano and Alexander McQueen and more continue
the legacy of Couture.
The Haute Couture World of the 21st Century
While the couture market moves to the new century, there are more mixed modern and other
century's elements have been used in a couture collection. What pathetic is the whole industry has
been minimized from 106 in 1946 to only 12 in the latest Haute Couture fashion show of
Spring/Summer 2011. Although some of the large brands which used to produce very extraordinary
such as Lanvin and YSL have stopped to participate in recent seasons' couture shows, the rest of
them and some new brands are doing a great job. Nowadays, there are actually a private couture
club members which only have 200 members in the world as the price of the gowns are too
expensive which only the seriously rich women can afford the price. According to the video "The
secret world of haute couture", it claims that couture is the most expensive clothes for women to buy
and one of the buyer said that "Couture are very light nowadays like the second skin which fit on
body very perfectly".
Until now, Paris is still the head quarter of Haute Couture because most of the famous couture
brands such as

1950's Fashion
" Fashions fade. Style is eternal" – Once said the famous designer Yves Saint Laurent. In the 1950's
marked the era in fashion that people think of as the turning point in fashion. Teenagers would be
looked at for their own fashion, and would have sexier outfits. Women would start to wear
accessories such as hats, glasses and diamonds (Fashion History). They would show more skin and
have tighter outfits. Men would start to wear suits and look more formal. The "cowboy" look would
start to play a big role during this time. Many men would wear different colors including pink.
Before the 1950's many teenagers would wear the same exact clothes as their parents did, in the 50's
we start to see fashion including teenagers as their own fashion. Teenage girls would wear more
colors, and tighter dresses to get a finer look. We also see that the teenagers start to go farther into
the accessories by wearing pearls, necklaces and waves many high class wives would too. Many of
the guy teenagers would wear sweaters or leather man jackets and the "rebel high schoolers" would
wear the black leather jacket. The 1950s, we see many new ... Show more content on
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Marilyn Monroe once said "Women's cloths should be tight enough to show that you're a woman,
but also show that you're a lady." Seeing women in the 50's, many of them looked up at famous or
well known models or actors such as Marilyn Monroe. We see hats and sunglasses, start to be
involved in their attire. Jewelry and makeup start to blend with the fashion, We also see the pencil
and poofy dresses being worn. Women that work in formal places where high heels and pant suits to
look professional. Today we see some girls pay hundred of dollars on dresses, and in the 50's women
would pay anywhere from 99 cents to fifty dollar dresses (1950's Fashion). Although we have seen
how fashion was for women and teenagers one of the biggest changes in fashion was for the

Edith Head Research Paper
Throughout Hollywood's history, there have been several great fashion designers, including Edith
Head. She has had a very long and illustrious career that lasted from 1927 to 1981. During her
career, she inspired numerous fashion trends and worked on several popular films. Edith Head was
very secretive about her childhood and would often lie about it when asked a question. A close
friend of hers David Chierichetti eventually learned all about it (Jorgensen, 13). Edith Head was
born, Edith Claire Posner, on October 28, 1897, in San Bernardino to Max Posner and Anna Levy.
When her mom, Anne married her stepfather, Frank Spare, the three of them moved from mining
town to mining town. This migrant lifestyle made making friends difficult as she often lived in areas
without other children. Because she was ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Some of her favorite activities growing up were having tea with her pets dressed in doll clothes,
making small figures out of pliable Greasewood, and collecting scraps of fabric (14). Her mom
always tried to give her a nice home wherever they lived and she kept Edith Head well dressed (13).
Her mom, Anne, also made sure Head received an education. Head did not have any formal fashion
training, she went to Berkeley majoring in Letters and Sciences with honors in French. She also
received her masters in French from Stanford (18). The only training she had were the art classes
she was taking to be able to teach her students at Hollywood School for Girls how to draw. A major
influence in Head's youth is her mother, by keeping Edith Head well dressed, she demonstrated how
important dressing and fashion are. That information stayed with Head throughout her life, that
being

Stereotypes Of Latinos Essay
Latinos in U. S. A. and Hollywood's Discrimination
Hispanic or Latino, is a segment of the population in the States of the American Union that has
grown in quantity, economy and education, and everything indicates that it would continue in the
same way, as a result of the Hispanic people has inhabited here, even before this country conformed
as the United States. Latinos also have made important contributions to this country in all aspects
and levels and areas to society, of the sort of the arts, sports and politics. Cinema is considered an
art, the seventh art, as well it is a form of expression and reflection of society and its times. In
consequence, filming is a very important business, and Hollywood is the mecca of the industry.
Then, we could expect that the significance of their presence would be properly portrayed. But, to
the contrary to we might assume, we see in Hollywood's filmography that they have been assigned
few roles, which are also mostly stereotyped and unflattering. In this essay, we will review some ...
All these stereotypes of immigrants and Latinos definitely impact the opinions and attitudes that
non–Latinos can have towards Latinos and immigrants. It is true that immigrants are not all Latinos,
many also come from Europe, Asia, etc. It is also true that not all Latinos are the best persons, and
some of them have fallen entangled into the judicial system. But not all Latins are criminals, these
represents a minority and it is not fair to generalize, as well in the system exist White persons and
from all other races. And many of these cases could be blamed to the lack of opportunities. Then,
these stereotypes do not reflect the reality or values of the Hispanic community, which mostly are
honest and hardworking, family oriented, and religious

Analysis Of Marilyn Monroe 's ' The Black Evening Gown '
Since women started to become more valued in the workforce, they also wanted to reward
themselves by expressing how they felt through style. The booming designer of the time, Christian
Dior, really helped women find their identify through simple fabrics along with tasteful and simple
designs. Dior took over the closets of all women from the 1940's all the way through the mid 1950's.
The waist became the focal point of the human figure and the bustlines started to raise and take
shape. The shoulders stayed soft with rich fabrics and colors and the length of the dresses and skirts
became effortlessly long and full of life. The most iconic women of this time that really took a grasp
of this era was Marilyn Monroe. In the late 1940's in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Mainly worn by the elite society, they displayed not only your class structure but how much the
person stayed up with current events. Major designers of this time included but are not limited to,
Cristobal Balenciaga, Pierre Balmain, Hubert de Givenchy, and Charles James.
Charles James became a highly renowned dress designer of the early to mid 1950's. He constructed
dresses that resembled architect renderings. He considered himself as an artist and a sculptor of
dress rather than a dressmaker. His most well known gown was the Clover Leaf gown (figure 10)
that was commissioned for Austine Hearst in 1953. Hearst wanted to wear this gown for the
Eisenhower Inaugural Ball of 1953. But like most works of art, they take time and sometimes are
not finished by the deadline. Hearst was unable to unveil the gown at the Ball, but instead received it
shortly after.
According to the Met, "Punk" attracted 442,350 visitors over the course of its three–month run. That
makes it one of the five best–attended shows the Met 's Costume Institute has mounted in the last
quarter–century and puts it well ahead of last year 's intelligent and perplexing Elsa Schiaparelli and
Miuccia Prada two–hander (339,838 viewers). Nearly 5,000 visitors traipsed through the "Punk"
exhibition, with its ersatz CBGB toilet, every day. By way of comparison, the Met 's newly
renovated American wing, featuring such crowd–pleasers as Washington Crossing the Delaware,
pulls in 2,000 visitors a day;

Haute Couture Influences Ready-to-wear
Fashion has been around ever since ancient times, since the time of the Romans, it survived the
world wars and is yet today a business with rapid changes. Fashion started off as an art form, a way
for the riches to show their social status with unique and innovative designs that only they could
afford. It was a way to separate the social classes of the society. In this paper I will include the
creator of haute couture, and how the following designers developed couture, as well as having
leading names in today's ready–to–wear industry. The list is long, but I chose to focus on the three
most important designers of the modern fashion industry.
Haute Couture
Haute Couture is the French term for high fashion, and it relates to the ... Show more content on
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It wasn't until Chanel started to create jackets which not only had the purpose of being worn closed,
she created jackets that looked good opened, closed or hanging over the shoulders. She emphasized
on this style by making blouses to serve the complete outfit. She was also the creator of the "Little
Black Dress", which was a relatively simple black dress made by elegant materials such as lace,
tulle, weightless silk and even embroidery in a new, more tailored way. Chanel is today world
known for its high quality designs and has women of the 21th century dependent on its classical
style (Rennolds Milbank 120–121).
Elsa Schiaparelli was another star in the 30's along with Chanel, but the contrast between them was
nothing more but interesting. Their designs were different, looked upon as day and night, but still
representing the extremes of couture, but they catered to the same clients.
Balenciaga, another well known high end designer once said: "Coco had very little taste, but it was
good. Schiap, on the other hand, had lots of it, but it was bad".
Schiaparelli created the color "shocking pink". The House of Schiaparelli struggled after World War
II as fashion had changed and Dior's New Look was in, which lead to the closing of the couture
house in 1954, but her visions still lives on in the interpretations of today's ready–to–wear (Milbank
196).
A short moment after the end of World War II, as Europe was slowly coming

The Fashion Designers : Edith Head
Throughout Hollywood's history, there have been several great fashion designers. One of these
designers is Edith Head. She had a very long and illustrious career that lasted from 1927 to 1981,
and she inspired numerous fashion trends based on her costume designs. As the head designer for
both Universal and Paramount, she also worked on several popular films including Roman Holiday,
Sabrina, and The Sting. Edith Head was very secretive about her childhood and would often lie
about it when questioned during interviews (Jorgensen, 13). Edith Head was born Edith Claire
Posner on October 28, 1897, in San Bernardino to Max Posner and Anna Levy. When her mother,
married her stepfather, Frank Spare, the three of them moved from mining town to ... Show more
She got her start by applying for a sketch artist job at Paramount Studios working with Howard
Greer. The only reason why Head acquired the job was due to the fact she lied during her interview,
borrowing sketches done by some of her classmates at Chouinard Art School and displaying them as
her own. Greer recounted in his autobiography that he only hired her because he was, "struck dumb
with admiration for anyone possessed of such diverse talents" (Flatow). However, Head admitted
what she did and was still given the job. She worked her way up to designer, by first handing pins to
seamstresses then, after to improving her sketches, designing and selecting clothes for various B
movies (Flatow). Edith Head did not require an education geared toward fashion, however, in 1923,
she did attend art classes from Otis Art School and Chouinard Art School. It was during her time at
Chouinard she met a classmate's brother, Charles Head. On July 25, 1923, she married Charles and
became Edith Head. Head did not have a good relationship with her husband because he was an
alcoholic. This led her to look for a summer job in 1924, to help support her husband. The job she
acquired was a sketch artist job at Paramount Studies, which started her on her career. Edith Head is
best known for designing several iconic costumes for popular films. She was known for creating
classic looks, tailored suits and gowns, and would add slight embellishment

The Qualities Of Audrey Hepburn In Funny Face
Regarding physical qualities, everybody has their own idiosyncrasies or quirks, things which make
them peculiar and yet interesting. These features make us who we are and even if we consider them
as flaws, they still make us beautiful somehow. The 1957 film, Funny Face, was actually a tribute to
the late Audrey Hepburn's rather unusual, quirky facial features–her large nose, thick eyebrows,
slightly crooked teeth, being doe–eyed–which all summed up to her being the epitome of a truly
beautiful woman that she was (De La Hoz 6). Audrey Kathleen Ruston Hepburn embodied both
essential aspects of inner and outer beauty which does not equate to being flawless. Voted as the
"Most Beautiful Woman of All Time" in 2006 by New Woman magazine, it is ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
To accentuate the hips even more, slit side pockets were present (Payne, 256–257). Subsequently,
the 1960's brought the emergence of miniskirts, which was then a public shock for it was not
considered tamed. Minis were pioneered by Mary Quant and made trendy by Andre Courreges
(Murray, 112–113). Meanwhile, pants suits for women were popularized in the 70's. They were first
introduced as skinny and tailored, leaving little space for legs. Then they evolved into a flared leg
style, with a wide opening at the bottom, or bell bottoms (Payne, 261). "Pants appeared in every
form imaginable, from divided skirts and culottes to the classic, pleated–front tailored pant and the
baggy 'Fred Astaire' version." (Murray, 116) In the 1950s, excessively feminine silhouettes were
celebrated thus accentuating curves, full bosoms and narrow waists was a prevailing way for women
to dress. Nevertheless, with her sphere of influence on women, Audrey Hepburn introduced an
alternative to this limited standard of how women–through various aspects of dressing and
behaving–should be (Keogh 1). Some of the popular stars who eventually became sex symbols in
the period were Marilyn Monroe, Brigitte Bardot and Grace Kelly. Hepburn's physique however,
was totally different from these women. She did not have a big bosom or a bottom. She was not
curvy. Unlike Audrey Hepburn's

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