The document discusses the circulatory system and its components, including the three types of blood vessels that transport blood throughout the body, the structure and function of blood vessels, composition of blood, and roles of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. It also covers common diseases like leukemia, which affects blood-forming cells, and anemia, a condition defined by low red blood cell levels that reduces oxygen delivery in the body.

1. CIRCULATORY B
Blood vessels and the blood

3. 3 TYPES OF BLOOD VESSELS
1. Arteries - brings blood from the heart to the organs
2. Capillaries –very fine tubes that branches into a network
3. Veins – brings blood back to the heart

4. STRUCTURE OF BLOOD VESSELS
1. Epithelial cells - single
innermost layer
2. Smooth muscles -
middle layer arranged
in a circular manner.
Big Arteries also have
elastic fibers among
smooth muscles.
3. Connective tissues -
outmost layer with
some elastic fibers and
nerve cells.

5. BLOOD PRESSURE
 Blood pressure is the pressure of blood
against the walls of the main arteries
 The pressure is the highest when the
ventricles of the heart contract
 Blood pressure is measured at an artery
in the arm where the pressure is most
similar to that of blood leaving the heart.

6. COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
a) The liquid portion of blood
is only slightly greater by
volume than the solid
portion.
b) The red blood cells are
greater in number than
white blood cells.
c) The liquid portion of the
blood is mostly water

7. COMPOSITION OF BLOOD
d) Blood proteins are normal
components of blood
plasma.
e) Substances that blood
transports include both
organic and inorganic
materials.
f) The blood cells are 45% of
the whole blood while the
Blood Plasma is 55% of the
whole blood

8. RED BLOOD CELLS
a) Their red colors come from the
pigment hemoglobin
b) Hemoglobin in red blood cells
make them best adapted for
transporting oxygen to the body
cells.
c) Red Blood Cells are only about 7-8
microns in diameter.
d) They are produced in the red
marrow of flat bones.

9. RED BLOOD CELLS
d) Young red blood cells have
nuclei, but they lose it when
they mature
e) They only live for only about
120 days
f) They stay on the
bloodstream for about 10-30
days
g) Worn out red blood cells are
broken down mostly in the
liver and spleen.

10. WHITE BLOOD CELLS
 Leukocytes
 Larger than red blood
cells
 It protects or defends
the body from infectious
diseases to move
through the body

11. BLOOD PLATELETS
 Thrombocytes
 irregularly shaped cell fragments
 involved in hemostasis, blood clots.
 2-3 micrometers in diameter
 If platelets too low, excessive
bleeding may occur.
 If platelets are too high, blood clots
can occur.

12. COMMON DISEASES
Leukemia
Anemia
 Affects blood-forming cells in
the body. Characterized by an  A condition in which the body
abundance of abnormal white does not have enough
blood cells in the body. healthy red blood cells. Red
blood cells provide oxygen to
body tissues.
 The bone marrow starts to
make a lot of abnormal white Symptoms
blood cells and they don't do
 Feeling grumpy
the work of normal white
blood cells.  Feeling weak or tired more
often than usual, or with
exercise
 Headaches
 Problems concentrating or
thinking

13. SOURCES