This document discusses gender, gender roles, and gender inequality. It defines gender as the social and cultural differences between men and women, as opposed to sex which refers to biological differences. Gender roles are the social roles and expectations of how men and women should behave, which can vary across time and culture. Gender inequality refers to unequal treatment or opportunities for men and women. The document provides examples of gender inequality such as restrictions on women's rights to drive, divorce, education, and travel. It also discusses how gender roles are portrayed in textbooks and the need for more equitable representations of gender.

1. Gender, school and society

3. sex
It refers to biological
and psychological
differences between
men and women.
Male and female
It remains the same
regardless of time and
culture
It created by
reproduction needs that
is biological features
Gender
It refers to the social and cultural
differences between men and women.
Masculine and
feminine
Expectations may differ across
time and culture
Gender distinctions are
created by social norms

4. Definition of Gender
Gender refers to those characteristics and roles of
women and men that are socially constructed.

5. What is gender role ?
 Social roles and relations between men and
women in the society.
 It affects all parts of our lives (social, economic
and political)
 It changes over time
 It is what we expect men and women to behave.
 It is about how power is used and shared.

6. Gender role is influenced by the perception and expectations arising from
1. Cultural
2. Political
3. Environmental
4. Social
5. Economic
6. Religious factors

7. What is gender inequality ?

8. Gender Equality
 Requires equal enjoyment by women
and men of socially valued goods
,opportunities, resources and rewards.
 It doesn’t mean men and women are
the same

9. Examples of gender equality
Forbidden from driving
Right to divorce
Access to education
Right to travel

10. Gender Equity
Fairness treatment of men and women according to their respective needs.
This may include equal treatment that is different but which is considered
equivalent in terms of rights, benefits, obligations and opportunities.

13. Gender roles relationships and ideas in textbooks

15.  Visibility of women is very low as compared to men appearance in the text books
 Women and men are identified with stereotypical attributes.
 Gender sensitive books can encourage children to discuss gender stereotypes and help to
promote equitable behaviour
In India , an average, more than half the illustrations in primary English, Hindi ,
Mathematics, Science and social studies textbooks depicted only males , while
only 6% showed just females.

16. Why can’t this?