family planning services in India mainly it focuses on the method of family planning made easy for GNM students

1. BY: JAYDEEP PALIWAL
NURSING TUTORE

2. INTRODUCTION
• Family planning is the voluntary planning regarding child birth by a couple
i.e.
“CHILD BIRTH SHOULD BE ACCORDING TO THEIR CHOICE
AND
NOT BY CHANCE OR IN OTHER WORDS”

3. INFERTILITY
• Infertility is the inability of the couple to produce children. It may be due to
abnormality in male or female
• Causes of infertility
• Abnormality of reproductive system
• Immature sex organs
• Hormonal imbalance
• Psychological problems
• Malnutrition
• Excessive use of alcohol or tobacco
• Management of fertility
• Provide psychological support
• Identify the cause
• Investigate the cause
• Appropriate treatment intervention

4. OBJECTIVES OF FP
• To plan pregnancy according to the choice
• To avoid unwanted births
• To limit the size of the family
• To keep spacing between the pregnancies

5. GOAL OF FP
• 2 MAIN GOALS
1. OPERATIONAL GOALS
• To promote the voluntary acceptances of small family norms.
• Motivate peoples to adopt the spacing methods.
• To ensure easy availability of contraceptives to eligible couples.
• To arrange the medical and surgical services to achieve demographic targets
2. DEMOGRAPHIC GOALS
Are part of national population policy and continue to change with a change in the
policy

6. SCOPES OF FP
• Proper spacing between children
• Limited number of birth
• Premarital counselling
• Pregnancy test
• Providing services to unmarried mothers
• Preparing for first birth
• Educating about nutrition and finance
• Sex education
• Genetic counseling
• Education about parenthood
• Marital guidance
• Adoption services

7. ASPECT
• Health aspects
health of mother
health of children
• Economic aspects
• social aspects
• Political aspects

8. METHODS OF FP
TRMPORARY PERMANENT
VASECTOMY TUBECTOMY
BARRIER INTRAUTERINE HORMONAL POSTCOITAL MISCLLANEOUS
METHODS DEVICES METHODS CONCEPTION
(IUDs) METHODS

9. BARRIER METHOD
• CONDOM (male/ female)
• Failure rate 2 – 3 %
• Advantage
• Easily available
• Inexpensive and safe
• Easy to use
• No side effects
• Protects not only against pregnancy but also against STDs
• Light compact and disposable
• Diaphragm failure rate 6 -12%
• Vaginal sponge
• Small polyurethane foam sponge measuring 5 × 25 cm saturated with spermicidal
nonoxynol-9

10. CHEMICAL METHOD
• Chemical contraceptives which are placed in vagina.
• The chemical present in the devices destroys sperms.
• 4 categories
1. Foams tablets, foam aerosols
2. Creams, jellies and pastes
3. Suppositories inserted manually
4. Soluble films
• Advantage
• Used with condoms for the sake of extra protection.
• Disadvantages
• Produces irritation and burning sensation.
• Failure rate is high.

11. COMBINED METHODS
• INTRAUTERINE DEVICES
Non medicated Medicated
• lippe’s loop copper T
• POLYETHYLENE
• double “S” shape
• 4 size available (A,B,C,D)
• Nontoxic, reliable, stable
• Contains some amount of barium
so can be spotted in Xray

12. COPPER T
• Reduces the fertility of the women.
• Insertion of IUCD
• Inserted within 10 days of begning of menstruation or 6-8 wk after delivery
• Advantages
• An effective contraceptives
• Fertility can be restored after removal
• Inexpensive and easy to use
• Do not requires continues supervision
• Can be used up to 10 years
• Free from any harmful effects
• Dis advantages
• Pain and bleeding
• Ectopic pregnancy
• Spontaneous expulsion
• Infection of pelvis
• Perforation of uterus

13. HORMONAL METHODS
• MIXED PILLS
• MALA N i.e norethisterone acetate + ethinylestradiol
• MALA D i.e. norgestrel + ethinylestradiol
• MINI PILLS
• Taken from 5th day of MC to 21st day continuously
• It should be taken regularly
• Not much popular due to high failure rate
• POSTCOITAL CONTRACEPTION PILLS
• Taken within 48 hr of unsafe coitus
• NON STEROIDAL WEEKLY ORAL PILLS
• Famous as “SAHELI” it is taken once in a week
• EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTIVE PILLS
• Taken within 72 hr. after unprotected sexual intrercourse

14. CONT.…
• ADVANTAGES
• easy to use
• Inexpensive and easily available
• High rate of safety
• Regularity in menstrual cycle and reduction of breast disease.
• DISADVANTES
• Cant be used in cse of heart disease
• Metabolic effects may result to weight gain, blood pressure, clotting of blood and heart
failure etc.
• Not suitable for women above 40 year of age
• May result in tenderness in breast, uneasiness, pain, headache and irregularity of
bleeding may occure
• other problems like liver diesaes, reduce lactation and ectopic pregnancy may arise.

15. MISCELLANEOUS METHODS
• COITUS INTERRUPTUS
• BREAST FEEDING
• BIRTH CONTROLL VCCINES
• SAFE PERIOD

16. PERMENANT METHOD
• VASECTOMY
• NON SCALPEL VASECTOMY (NSV)
• ADVANTAGES
• No side effect of hormones
• Cheaper and simpler than tubectomy
• No hospitalization required
• Recanalization is possible
• Permanent, safe and inexpensive technique
• Does not interfere with sexual pleasure

17. CONT..
• DISADVANTAGES
• Local infections
• Hematoma in scrotum
• Pain
• Impotency, headache, uneasiness, if person is not properly convinced

18. TUBECTOMY
• Permanent method of female sterilization
• Abdominal tubectomy
• Minilap
• Laparoscopy
• ADVANTAGE
• Minimum complication
• Less expensive
• 100% safe against pregnancy
• Whole process completed in one attempt

19. ROLE OF NURSE
• Survey worker
• Health educator
• Coordinator & provider of primary health care services
• Motivation function
• Advocate for the family
• Family care planner
• Managerial functions
• Conducting clinics
• Consultant
• Collaborator
• Counselor
• Leadership & evaluator
• Researcher