Raymond Chandler was a British-American novelist known for creating the character Philip Marlowe. In 1932 at age 44, Chandler became a detective fiction writer after losing his job during the Great Depression. His first short story was published in 1933 and his first novel The Big Sleep was published in 1939. Although he did not attend university, Chandler found success as a novelist and was elected president of the Mystery Writers of America before his death in 1959 in La Jolla, California at age 70.