Adjectives ending in "ed" describe emotions and how people feel, like being bored or surprised. Adjectives ending in "ing" describe what causes the emotion, like a boring lesson making someone feel bored. Neuroscientists are making progress in reading people's minds using machines to decode brainwaves, which could help those with dementia or other issues expressing thoughts. However, it also raises privacy concerns if science can access inner thoughts. Neurohacking could also allow manipulating wants through neuromarketing in a way that hijacks thoughts and actions.

1. A2 – UNIT 9
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TEACHER RICHAR RINCÓN

2. ADJECTIVES WITH “ED”
Adjectives that end ‘-ed’ describe emotions – they tell
us how people feel about something.
• I was very bored in the maths lesson. I almost fell
asleep.
• He was surprised to see Helen. She’d told him she
was going to Australia.

3. ADJECTIVES WITH “ING”
Adjectives that end ‘-ing’ describe the thing that
causes the emotion – a boring lesson makes you feel
bored.
• Have you seen that film? It’s absolutely terrifying.
• I could listen to him for hours. He’s one of the most
interesting person I’ve ever met.

4. NEUROHACKING
Will there be a day when you say "I can't read your mind, you know!" and the reply will be
"Oh, stop it -- of course you can!"? It could happen. Neuroscientists are finding ways to read
people's minds with machines, and although this has been in the works for decades, real
progress is being made by researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, and elsewhere.
Translating electrical activity from the brain by means of decoding brainwaves is one way to
help sufferers of dementia, for example, who have complications with neurotransmitters
relaying thoughts into comprehensible speech or holding thoughts long enough to get them
out verbally before they're forgotten.
On the other hand, it is more than a little frightening to know that science and machines
could soon have access to our innermost thoughts. Implications for neurohacking into
people's thoughts have also been studied in relation to neuromarketing, which targets
people's brains by manipulating their wants and desires through marketing and advertising.
Our thoughts and actions could actually be hijacked by a form of media that makes us think
we're getting what we want, when really; we're going for something our brains may only think
is supposed to be good.