1. MOTIVATION

2. DEFINATIONOFMOTIVATION
 MOTIVATION HAS BEEN DEFINED BY MICHAEL J.
JUICUS “THE ACT OF STIMULATING SOMEONE
OR ONESELF TO GET A DESIRED COURSE OF
ACTION”
 IN THE WORDS OF LEWIS ALLEN – “MOTIVATION
IS THE WORK A MANAGER PERFORMS TO
INSPIRE.ENCOURAGE 7 IMPEL PEOPLE TO TAKE
REQUIRED ACTION.”
 ACCORDING TO WILLIAM G. SCOTT –
“MOTIVATION MEANS A PROCESS OF
STIMULATING PEOPLE TO ACTION TO
ACCOMPLISH DESIRED GOALS.”

3. TYPES OF MOTIVATION
 IF A MANAGER WANTS TO GET WORK DONE BY HIS EMPLOYEES,HE MAY
EITHER HOLD OUT A PROMISE OF A REWARD [POSITIVE MOTIVATION] OR
HE MAY INSTALL FEAR [NEGATIVE MOTIVATION] . BOTH THESE TYPES ARE
WIDELY USED BY MANAGEMENTS.
 POSITIVE MOTIVATION –
 PRAISE & CREDIT FOR WORK DONE .
 WAGES & SALARIES .
 APPRECIATION .
 A SINCERE INTEREST IN SUBORDINATES AS INDIVIDUALS .
 DELEGAION OF AUTHORITY & RESPONSIBILITY .
 NEGATIVE MOTIVATION –
 INVOLVES THE POSSIBILITY OF DECTREASED MOTIVE SATISFACTION.
 IT ALSO CREATES A HOSTILE STATE OF MIND 7 AN UNFAVOURABLE
ATTITUDE TO THE JOB.

4. NATURE&CHARACTERISTICSOFMOTIVATION
 MOTIVATION IS AN INTERNAL FEELING.
 MOTIVATION IS RELATED TO NEEDS.
 MOTIVATION PRODUCES GOAL DIRECTED
BEHAVIOUR.
 MOTIVATION CAN BE EITHER POSITIVE OR
NEGATIVE.

5. THEORY OF MOTIVATION
 COMPRAISE OF THEORY X & THEORY Y.
 MASLOW’S NEED HIERARCHY THEORY OF
MOTIVATION.
 VICTOR VROOM’S EXPECTANCY THEORY.
 MC CLELLAND’S NEED FOR ACHIVEMENT
THEORY.
 HERZBERG’S THEORY OF MOTIVATION.

6. COMPARISON OF THEORY X & THEORY Y
THEORY X THEORY Y
 THEORY X ASSUMES HUMAN
BEINGS INHERENTLY DISLIKE
WORK 7 DISTASTEFUL TOWARDS
WORK.
 THEORY X EMPHASIZES THAT
PEOPLE DO NOT HAVE
AMBITIONS & THEY SHIRK
RESPONSIBILITY.
 THEORY X ASSUMES THAT
PEOPLE CREATIVITY.
 PEOPLE LACK SELF MOTIVATION.
 THEORY X EMPHASIZES UPON
CENTRALIZATION OF AUTHORITY
IN DECISION MAKING PROCESS.
 THEORY Y ASSUMES THAT WORK
IS AS NATURAL AS PALY OR REST.
 THEORY Y ASSUME JUST THE
REVERSE.
 ACCORDING TO THEORY Y THE
GENERAL HAVE LITTLE CAPACITY
FOR IS WIDELY DISTRUBUTED IN
THE POPULATION CREATIVITY.
 WHILE IN THEORY Y PEOPLE ARE
CREATIVE
 THEORY Y EMPHASIZES
DECENTRALLSATION 7 GREATER
PARTICIPATION.

7. Maslow's NEED-HIERARCHY THEORY
OF MOTIVATION
 PEOPLE HAVE A WIDE RANGE OF NEEDS WHICH MOTIVATE THEM
TO STRIVEFOR FULFILMENT.
 HUMAN NEEDS CAN BE DEFINITELY CATEGORIZED INTO FIVE
TYPES:
i. PHYSICAL NEED
ii. SAFETY
iii. AFFILIATION OR SOCIAL NEEDS
iv. ESTEEM NEEDS
v. SELF ACTUALISATION.
 A SATISFIED NEED DOES NOT MOTIVATE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR.IT
ONLY TRINGGERS OR ACTIVATES THE URGE FOR THE NEXT
HIGHER LEVEL OF NEEDS.
 RALATIVE SATISFACTION OF LOWER LEVEL NEED IS NECESSARY
TO ACTIVATE THE NEXT HIGHER LEVEL NEED.

8. VICTORVROOM’SEXPECTANCYTHEORY
 HUMAN BEHAVIOUR DEPENDS ON PEOPLE’S
EXPECTIONS CONCERNING THEIR ABILITY
TO PERFROM TASKS & RECEIVE DESIRED
REWARD.
i. VALANCE
ii. INSTRUMENTALITY
iii. EXPECTANCY

9. MC CLELLAND’SNEEDFORACHIEVEMENT
THEORY
 SELF ACTUALISATION
 ESTEEM SELF RESPECT
 SOCIAL ASSOCIATION WITH OTHERS
 SECURITY
 PHYSCIOLOGY

10. HERZBERG’S THEORY OF MOTIVATION
 A THEORY OF MOTIVATION ON THE PREMISE
THAT HUMAN NATURE HAS TWO SEPARATE
ELEMENTS – THE MOTIVATION
&MAINTENANCE FACTORS.

11. PRESENTEDBY
INDRANIL DAS
2ND YEAR
B.H.M.C.T