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HOW CAN MARKET LEADERS EXPAND
THE TOTAL MARKET AND DEFEND
MARKET SHARE
EXPANDING
TOTAL
MARKET
DEMAND
 New Customers
 More Usage
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
NEW
CUSTOMERS
 Market Penetration Strategy
 New Market Segment Strategy
 Geographical Expansion Strategy
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
MOREUSAGE
 Additional Opportunities to Use the Brand
 NewWays to Use the brand
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
PROTECTING
THE MARKET
SHARE
Proactive Marketing
Defensive Marketing
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
 Proactive Skills
 ResponsiveAnticipation
 Creative Anticipation
 Proactive Firms are:
 Are ready to take risks and make mistakes
 Have a vision of the future and of investing in it
 Have the capabilities to innovate
 Are flexible and nonbureaucratic
 Have many managers who think proactively
PROACTIVE
MARKETING
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
DEFENSIVE
MARKETING
Six types of defense strategies
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
INCREASING
MARKET
SHARE
 The possibility of attracting legal action for violating the
competition Act or Antitrust law
 EconomicCost
 The danger of pursuing the wrong marketing activities
 The effect of increased market share on actual and perceived
quality
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
HOW SHOULD MARKET CHALLENGERS
ATTACK MARKET LEADERS
MARKET-
CHALLENGER
STRATEGIES
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
MARKET-
CHALLENGER
STRATEGIES
 Defining the Strategic Objective and Opponents
 Choosing a GeneralAttack Strategy
 Choosing a SpecificAttack Strategy
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
DEFINING THE
STRATEGIC
OBJECTVE AND
OPPONENTS(S)
 It can attack the Market Leader
 It can attack firms its own size that are not doing the job and are
underfinanced
 It can attack small local and regional firms
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
CHOOSINGA
GENERAL
ATTACK
STRATEGY
Frontal Attack
FlankAttack
EncirclementAttack
BypassAttack
GuerrillaAttack
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
CHOOSINGA
SPECIFIC
ATTACK
STRATEGY
 Any aspect of marketing can serve as basis for attack
 Lower priced products
 Discounted products
 New or improved products and services
 Wide variety of offerings
 Innovative distribution strategies etc.
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
HOW CAN MARKET FOLLOWERS OR
NICHERS COMPETE EFFECTIVELY
MARKET-
FOLLOWER
STRATEGIES
MarketLeaders
Innovator bears the
expense of
developing a new
product, getting
distribution,
educating the market
Reward for work and
risk- market
leadership
MarketFollowers
Copy or improve the
new product
Achieves high profit
because no
innovation cost
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
MARKET-
FOLLOWER
STRATEGIES
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
MARKET-
NICHER
STRATEGIES
 Leader in a small market
 Large profitable firms also use niching strategies
 ROI in smaller markets > larger markets
 Nicher achieves high margin, mass marketer achieves high volume
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
MARKET-
NICHER
STRATEGIES
Protecting
niches
Expanding
niches
Creating
niches
• High risk of drying up
• Can weaken the firm => continually create new ones
• Multiple niching
• Entrants should focus at niches initially
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
MARKET-
NICHER
STRATEGIES
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
WHAT MARKETING STRATEGIES ARE
APPROPRIATE AT EACH STAGE OF THE
PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE
PRODUCT
LIFECYCLE
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
COMMON
PLC
PATTERNS
Growth Slump Maturity Cycle-Recycle Pattern
Scalloped
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
STYLE,
FASHIONAND
FAD LIFE
CYCLES
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
MARKETING
STRATEGIES-
INTRODUCTION
 Inform potential
 Induce product trial
 Secure distribution
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
MARKETING
STRATEGIES-
INTRODUCTION
 Long term Market Leadership
 Vision of Mass Market
 Persistence
 Relentless
 Innovation
 Financial Commitment
 Asset Leaverage
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
MARKETING
STRATEGIES-
GROWTH
Men’s fairness creams such as
Fair and Handsome use well
known film and cricket stars and
offers entertainment,
information, and advice in a bid
to capture customer attention in
a market that is getting
increasingly crowded.
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
MARKETING
STRATEGIES-
MATURITY
Market Modification
• Expand Number of Users
• Increase the Usage rate among Users
Product Modification
• Quality Improvement
• Feature Improvement
Marketing Program Modification
• Price, Distribution
• Communication
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
MARKETING
STRATEGIES-
DECLINE
Declining Sales
Low Cost
per
Customer
Declining
Profits
Laggards
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
HOW SHOULD MARKETERS ADJUST
THEIR STRATEGIES AND TACTICS FOR AN
ECONOMIC DOWNTURN OR RECESSION
MARKETING
IN ECONOMIC
DOWNTURN
 EXPLORETHE UPSIDE OF INCREASING INVESTMENT
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
MARKETING
IN ECONOMIC
DOWNTURN
 GET CLOSERTO CUSTOMERS
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
MARKETING
IN ECONOMIC
DOWNTURN
 REVIEW BUDGET ALLOCATIONS
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
MARKETING
IN ECONOMIC
DOWNTURN
 PUT FORTHTHE MOST COMPELLINGVALUE PROPOSITION
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
MARKETING
IN ECONOMIC
DOWNTURN
 FINETUNE BRAND AND PRODUCTOFFERING
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
CREDITS
All Photos are taken from google images and Book on ‘Marketing
Management’ by Kotler
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
THANKYOU
ShivamVerma || IIT Delhi
Disclaimer
Created by ShivamVerma, IIT Delhi, during an internship with Prof.
Sameer Mathur,
IIM Lucknow,www.IIMInternship.com ”

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