Objective: The experimental study is done on various parameters i.e., Strength parameters, NaOH solution concentration, the alkalescent hydroxide to alkalescent salt ratio, period of curing, additional water in mix has been investigated. Method: The mix is trailed initially for 8 Molarity. The Alkaline content used in the study is the amalgam of Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium silicate with the different ratios 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3. The total numbers of specimens 81 are being casted The Geopolymer specimens are tested for their Compressive, Flexural and Tensile strengths at the ages of 3-7-28 days. Findings: The strength properties strength are increased with the increase in activator ratio. The strength of all GPC specimens improved with the increase in curing time. . Applications/ Improvements: Flyash based geopolymer concrete can be used as precast products like parking tiles, precast GPC beams, girders, pavement tiles, railway precasted sleepers, building blocks, electric power poles. They are good resistance towards fire, permeability.

1. http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)
Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2017, pp.
Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET
ISSN Print: 0976-6308 and ISSN Online: 0976
© IAEME Publication Scopus
STRENGTH PROPERTIES
GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE
PG Student
K L University
Associate
ABSTRACT
Objective: The experimental study is done on various parameters i.e., Strength parameters,
NaOH solution concentration, the alkalescent hydroxide to alkalescent salt ratio, period of curing,
additional water in mix has been investigated.
The Alkaline content used in the study is the amalgam of Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium silicate
with the different ratios 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3. The total numbers of specimens 81 are being casted The
Geopolymer specimens are tested for their Compressive, Flexural and Tensile strengths at the ages
of 3-7-28 days. Findings: The strength properties strength are increased with the increase in
activator ratio. The strength of all GPC specimens improved with the increase in cu
Applications/ Improvements:
like parking tiles, precast GPC beams, girders, pavement tiles, railway precasted sleepers, building
blocks, electric power poles. They are good resis
Key words: Geopolymer concrete, Fly ash, Sodium Silicate, Sodium Hydroxide
Cite this Article: V.Sowjanya and N.
Concrete. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=1
1. INTRODUCTION
Concrete is the most typical material used in construction. Concrete is casted by victimization of normal
cement (OPC) because of the binding property. While production of OPC high quantity of greenhouse gas
is discharged in to the atmosphere ( one weight unit of cement production releases roughly 1tonne of CO2)
that leads to warming3,4
.Several efforts were made to measure in advanceme
utilization of cement in casting the concrete so as to handle the world warming problems
the use of supplementary cementing ingredients like Granulated Blast chamber scum, Silica Fume, rice
husk ash and Metakaolin6
. Due to the accumulation of the fly ash on the barren earth, the landfills is
increasing day to day. Fly ash established Geo
IJCIET/index.asp 834
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET)
, pp. 834–840, Article ID: IJCIET_08_01_098
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=
6308 and ISSN Online: 0976-6316
Scopus Indexed
STRENGTH PROPERTIES OF FLYASH BASED
GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE
V.Sowjanya
PG Student, Civil Engineering Department,
K L University, Vaddeswaram, Guntur,
N. Srujana
Associate Professor, Civil Engineering Department,
K L University, Vaddeswaram, Guntur
The experimental study is done on various parameters i.e., Strength parameters,
NaOH solution concentration, the alkalescent hydroxide to alkalescent salt ratio, period of curing,
additional water in mix has been investigated. Method: The mix is trailed initially for 8 Molarity.
The Alkaline content used in the study is the amalgam of Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium silicate
with the different ratios 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3. The total numbers of specimens 81 are being casted The
s are tested for their Compressive, Flexural and Tensile strengths at the ages
The strength properties strength are increased with the increase in
activator ratio. The strength of all GPC specimens improved with the increase in cu
Flyash based geopolymer concrete can be used as precast products
like parking tiles, precast GPC beams, girders, pavement tiles, railway precasted sleepers, building
blocks, electric power poles. They are good resistance towards fire, permeability.
Geopolymer concrete, Fly ash, Sodium Silicate, Sodium Hydroxide
V.Sowjanya and N. Srujana, Strength Properties of Flyash Based Geopolymer
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(1), 2017, pp.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=1
Concrete is the most typical material used in construction. Concrete is casted by victimization of normal
binding property. While production of OPC high quantity of greenhouse gas
is discharged in to the atmosphere ( one weight unit of cement production releases roughly 1tonne of CO2)
.Several efforts were made to measure in advanceme
utilization of cement in casting the concrete so as to handle the world warming problems
the use of supplementary cementing ingredients like Granulated Blast chamber scum, Silica Fume, rice
Due to the accumulation of the fly ash on the barren earth, the landfills is
increasing day to day. Fly ash established Geo-polymer concrete may be a recently developed concrete.
editor@iaeme.com
&IType=1
OF FLYASH BASED
GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE
Professor, Civil Engineering Department,
The experimental study is done on various parameters i.e., Strength parameters,
NaOH solution concentration, the alkalescent hydroxide to alkalescent salt ratio, period of curing,
The mix is trailed initially for 8 Molarity.
The Alkaline content used in the study is the amalgam of Sodium Hydroxide and Sodium silicate
with the different ratios 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3. The total numbers of specimens 81 are being casted The
s are tested for their Compressive, Flexural and Tensile strengths at the ages
The strength properties strength are increased with the increase in
activator ratio. The strength of all GPC specimens improved with the increase in curing time. .
Flyash based geopolymer concrete can be used as precast products
like parking tiles, precast GPC beams, girders, pavement tiles, railway precasted sleepers, building
tance towards fire, permeability.
Geopolymer concrete, Fly ash, Sodium Silicate, Sodium Hydroxide
Srujana, Strength Properties of Flyash Based Geopolymer
, 8(1), 2017, pp. 834–840.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=1
Concrete is the most typical material used in construction. Concrete is casted by victimization of normal
binding property. While production of OPC high quantity of greenhouse gas
is discharged in to the atmosphere ( one weight unit of cement production releases roughly 1tonne of CO2)
.Several efforts were made to measure in advancement to enhancement the
utilization of cement in casting the concrete so as to handle the world warming problems4,5
. These includes
the use of supplementary cementing ingredients like Granulated Blast chamber scum, Silica Fume, rice-
Due to the accumulation of the fly ash on the barren earth, the landfills is
polymer concrete may be a recently developed concrete.

2. Strength Properties
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.
The elementary constituents of ash
sodium hydroxide7
.
The objectives of the present study square measure to develop a Geo compound concrete combine, to
identify and study the result of parameters like matter quantitative relation, type of natural action that
impound effects on the properties of fly ash
properties of the recent and hardened state of ash, based mostly geo compound concrete, to study the
performance of ash based geo compound concrete
2. OBJECTIVE
The Experimental Study Is Done On Various Parameters I.E., Strength Parameters, NaoH Solution
Concentration. The Alkalescent Hydroxide To Alkalescent Salt Ratio, Period Of Curing, Additional Water
In Mix Has Been Investigated.
3. METHODOLOGY
3.1. Materials Used
• Fly ash.
• Metakaolin
• Sodium hydroxide
• Sodium silicate
• Aggregates
3.1.1 Fly Ash
Class F type of flyash, collected from Vijayawada Thermal Plant is used are ingredient of the casted
concrete.
3.1.2 Alkaline Solution:
Anamalgamation of alkalescent hydroxide solution and alkalescent salt was preferred. The Sodium
solutions were preferred as they were economical than that of the Potassium
are shown in Fig 2.
Strength Properties of Flyash Based Geopolymer Concrete
IJCIET/index.asp 835
The elementary constituents of ash-based Geo-polymer concrete are fly ash, a
The objectives of the present study square measure to develop a Geo compound concrete combine, to
identify and study the result of parameters like matter quantitative relation, type of natural action that
effects on the properties of fly ash-based geo compound concrete, to study short
properties of the recent and hardened state of ash, based mostly geo compound concrete, to study the
performance of ash based geo compound concrete8,9
.
The Experimental Study Is Done On Various Parameters I.E., Strength Parameters, NaoH Solution
Concentration. The Alkalescent Hydroxide To Alkalescent Salt Ratio, Period Of Curing, Additional Water
Class F type of flyash, collected from Vijayawada Thermal Plant is used are ingredient of the casted
Figure 1 Fly ash
Anamalgamation of alkalescent hydroxide solution and alkalescent salt was preferred. The Sodium
solutions were preferred as they were economical than that of the Potassium-based. Sodium silicate flakes
f Flyash Based Geopolymer Concrete
editor@iaeme.com
polymer concrete are fly ash, aggregates, sodium salt,
The objectives of the present study square measure to develop a Geo compound concrete combine, to
identify and study the result of parameters like matter quantitative relation, type of natural action that
based geo compound concrete, to study short-term engineering
properties of the recent and hardened state of ash, based mostly geo compound concrete, to study the
The Experimental Study Is Done On Various Parameters I.E., Strength Parameters, NaoH Solution
Concentration. The Alkalescent Hydroxide To Alkalescent Salt Ratio, Period Of Curing, Additional Water
Class F type of flyash, collected from Vijayawada Thermal Plant is used are ingredient of the casted
Anamalgamation of alkalescent hydroxide solution and alkalescent salt was preferred. The Sodium-based
based. Sodium silicate flakes

3. http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.
3.1.3 Fine Aggregate
The locally available fine aggregate, confining to Zone II. Initially the aggregate chosen is sieved through
4.75mm and the passing material is chosen for the test.
3.1.4 Coarse Aggregate
Locally available coarse mixture of about 10mm linear unit s
3.2 Preparation of Alkaline Activator Solution
A amalgamation of alkaline salt solution, alkalescent hydroxide solution was selected which results an
alkaline liquid. 320 g (8 X 40= 320)
element hydroxide resolution of 8M. The Alkaline activator resolution should be prepared twenty
hours before its intended use. The sodium hydroxide solution is mixed with glass resolution to induce the
required alkaline resolution twenty minutes before making the geopolymer concrete.
3.3 Trial mix proportion of Geopolymer concrete
Table 1 represents the Quantities of materials for 1 cubic meter of Geo polymer concrete
S.No Material
1 Fly Ash
2 Metakaolin
3 Fine aggregate ( Passing through
4.75 mm size sieve)
4 10mm size coarse aggregate
5 Mass of NaOH Solution
6 Mass of Na2 SiO3 Solution
7 Liquid to Fly ash Ratio
8 Extra water
3.4 MIXING AND CURING
3.4 .1 Mixing
NaOH solution and Na2SiO3 solution should be 20mins before mixing it with the dry materials.
All these ingredients were mixed for about 3 minutes. After casting of specimens compaction is done.
Specimens are compacting on a vibrating table for 10 seconds. The GPC mix wa
V.Sowjanya and N. Srujana
IJCIET/index.asp 836
Figure 2 Sodium hydroxide flake
The locally available fine aggregate, confining to Zone II. Initially the aggregate chosen is sieved through
4.75mm and the passing material is chosen for the test.
Locally available coarse mixture of about 10mm linear unit size were chosen.
ne Activator Solution
A amalgamation of alkaline salt solution, alkalescent hydroxide solution was selected which results an
320 g (8 X 40= 320) of caustic soda flakes dissolved in one litre of
element hydroxide resolution of 8M. The Alkaline activator resolution should be prepared twenty
hours before its intended use. The sodium hydroxide solution is mixed with glass resolution to induce the
twenty minutes before making the geopolymer concrete.
3.3 Trial mix proportion of Geopolymer concrete
Table 1 represents the Quantities of materials for 1 cubic meter of Geo polymer concrete
Material Quantities
1:2 1:2.5
331.04 kg/m3
331.04 kg/m
82.76 kg/m3
82.76 kg/m
Fine aggregate ( Passing through
540 kg/m3
540 kg/m
10mm size coarse aggregate 1260 kg/m3
1260 kg/m
Mass of NaOH Solution 62.1 kg/m3
53.2 kg/m
Solution 124.1 kg/m3
133 kg/m
Liquid to Fly ash Ratio 0.45 0.45
45.5 kg/m3
45.5 kg/m
solution should be 20mins before mixing it with the dry materials.
All these ingredients were mixed for about 3 minutes. After casting of specimens compaction is done.
Specimens are compacting on a vibrating table for 10 seconds. The GPC mix wa
editor@iaeme.com
The locally available fine aggregate, confining to Zone II. Initially the aggregate chosen is sieved through
A amalgamation of alkaline salt solution, alkalescent hydroxide solution was selected which results an
of caustic soda flakes dissolved in one litre of water to rearrange
element hydroxide resolution of 8M. The Alkaline activator resolution should be prepared twenty-four
hours before its intended use. The sodium hydroxide solution is mixed with glass resolution to induce the
twenty minutes before making the geopolymer concrete.
Table 1 represents the Quantities of materials for 1 cubic meter of Geo polymer concrete
Quantities
1:3
331.04 kg/m3 331.04
kg/m3
82.76 kg/m3
82.76 kg/m3
540 kg/m3
540 kg/m3
1260 kg/m3
1260 kg/m3
53.2 kg/m3
46.6 kg/m3
133 kg/m3
139.6 kg/m3
0.45
45.5 kg/m3
45.5 kg/m3
solution should be 20mins before mixing it with the dry materials.
All these ingredients were mixed for about 3 minutes. After casting of specimens compaction is done.
Specimens are compacting on a vibrating table for 10 seconds. The GPC mix was shown in Fig 3. Three

4. Strength Properties
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.
different mixes were casted in this study, for respective mix 27 cubes of 150mm,27 cylinders of diameter
150mm and height 300mm and 27 beams of 500mm x 100mm x 100mm were cast to study the
compressive test, split tensile test and f
3.4.2Curing
After demoulding of these specimens, they were maintained at 27
temperature maintained during the test action of the sample was 23
Ambient curing.
3.5 Testing
The specimens were tested and strengths were calculated for 3, 7,28 days. The failure of specimens were
shown in Fig 5.
Strength Properties of Flyash Based Geopolymer Concrete
IJCIET/index.asp 837
different mixes were casted in this study, for respective mix 27 cubes of 150mm,27 cylinders of diameter
150mm and height 300mm and 27 beams of 500mm x 100mm x 100mm were cast to study the
compressive test, split tensile test and flexural test of each mix.
Figure 3 Mixing of GPC
After demoulding of these specimens, they were maintained at 270
C (room) temperature. The normal
temperature maintained during the test action of the sample was 230
C. Fig 4 shows the specimens under
Figure 4 Specimens under curing 4]
The specimens were tested and strengths were calculated for 3, 7,28 days. The failure of specimens were
f Flyash Based Geopolymer Concrete
editor@iaeme.com
different mixes were casted in this study, for respective mix 27 cubes of 150mm,27 cylinders of diameter
150mm and height 300mm and 27 beams of 500mm x 100mm x 100mm were cast to study the
C (room) temperature. The normal
C. Fig 4 shows the specimens under
The specimens were tested and strengths were calculated for 3, 7,28 days. The failure of specimens were

5. http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.
4. RESULTS
The various strength tests to be do
• Compressive test
• Split tensile test
• Flexural test
4.1. Compressive Strength
The cube specimens are tested in CTM to verify their compressive strengths at the age of 3days, 7days and
28days of ambient action. Fig 6 represents the compressive strength
increases there is increment in Compression strength of the specimens with respect to age of the
specimens.
Figure 6 Compressive Strength @ age of 3
4.2. Split Tensile Strength
The Cylinder Samplings are tested in CTM for Tensile strength of concret
tensile strength of concrete.As the activator ratio increases there is increment in Split tensile strength of the
specimens with respect to age of the specimens.
V.Sowjanya and N. Srujana
IJCIET/index.asp 838
Figure 5 Testing of specimens
The various strength tests to be done are
The cube specimens are tested in CTM to verify their compressive strengths at the age of 3days, 7days and
28days of ambient action. Fig 6 represents the compressive strength of concrete.
increases there is increment in Compression strength of the specimens with respect to age of the
Compressive Strength @ age of 3-7-28 days for different Activator ratios
The Cylinder Samplings are tested in CTM for Tensile strength of concrete. Figure 7 represents the split
tensile strength of concrete.As the activator ratio increases there is increment in Split tensile strength of the
specimens with respect to age of the specimens.
editor@iaeme.com
The cube specimens are tested in CTM to verify their compressive strengths at the age of 3days, 7days and
of concrete. As the activator ratio
increases there is increment in Compression strength of the specimens with respect to age of the
for different Activator ratios
e. Figure 7 represents the split
tensile strength of concrete.As the activator ratio increases there is increment in Split tensile strength of the

6. Strength Properties
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.
Figure 7 Split tensile Strength @ age of 3
4.3. Flexural Strength
The beam specimens are tested using two point loading method as per I.S.516
Flexural Strength of concrete. As the activator ratio increases there is increment in Flexural strength of the
specimens with respect to age of the specimens.
Figure 8 Flexural Strength @ age of 3
5. CONCLUSIONS
1. The strength properties viz., Compressive, Split tensile and Flexural strength increased with the increase in
activator ratio.
2. The strength of all GPC specimens improved with increment in time of curing.
3. The % increase in compressive strength with th
16.71%, for 7 days 4.95%, 4.07% and 2.3%, 11% for 28 days.
4. The % increase in split-tensile strength with the control specimen for ratios 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3 is 21%, 30.43%,
for 7 days 4.06%, 3.12% and
Strength Properties of Flyash Based Geopolymer Concrete
IJCIET/index.asp 839
Split tensile Strength @ age of 3-7-28 days for different Activator ratios
ted using two point loading method as per I.S.516
As the activator ratio increases there is increment in Flexural strength of the
specimens with respect to age of the specimens.
Flexural Strength @ age of 3-7-28 days for different Activator ratios
The strength properties viz., Compressive, Split tensile and Flexural strength increased with the increase in
The strength of all GPC specimens improved with increment in time of curing.
The % increase in compressive strength with the control specimen for ratios 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3 is 6.55%,
16.71%, for 7 days 4.95%, 4.07% and 2.3%, 11% for 28 days.
tensile strength with the control specimen for ratios 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3 is 21%, 30.43%,
for 7 days 4.06%, 3.12% and 3.125%, 18.18% for 28 days.
f Flyash Based Geopolymer Concrete
editor@iaeme.com
or different Activator ratios
ted using two point loading method as per I.S.516-1959. Fig 8 represents the
As the activator ratio increases there is increment in Flexural strength of the
28 days for different Activator ratios
The strength properties viz., Compressive, Split tensile and Flexural strength increased with the increase in
The strength of all GPC specimens improved with increment in time of curing.
e control specimen for ratios 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3 is 6.55%,
tensile strength with the control specimen for ratios 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3 is 21%, 30.43%,

7. V.Sowjanya and N. Srujana
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 840 editor@iaeme.com
5. The % increase in flexural strength with the control specimen for ratios 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3 is 0 %, 9%, for 7
days 14.9%, 0% and 0%, 39.52% for 28 days.
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[8] G. Yamini and Dr. S. Siddiraju, An Experimental Research on Strength Propereties of Concrete by The
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