SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 1
CONTENT-BASED IMAGE RETRIEVAL USING ERROR DIFFUSION BLOCK
TRUNCATION CODING FEATURES
ABSTRACT
A new approach to index colorimages using the features extracted from the error
diffusion blocktruncation coding (EDBTC). The EDBTC produces two colorquantizes and a
bitmap image, which are further processedusing vector quantization (VQ) to generate the image
featuredescriptor. Herein two features are introduced, namely, colorhistogram feature (CHF) and
bit pattern histogram feature(BHF), to measure the similarity between a query image andthe
target image in database. The CHF and BHF are computedfrom the VQ-indexed color quantize
and VQ-indexed bitmapimage, respectively. The distance computed from CHF and BHFcan be
utilized to measure the similarity between two images.As documented in the experimental result,
the proposed indexingmethod outperforms the former block truncation coding basedimage
indexing and the other existing image retrieval schemeswith natural and textural data sets. Thus,
the proposed EDBTCis not only examined with good capability for image compressionbut also
offers an effective way to index images for the contentbasedimage retrieval system.

More Related Content

What's hot

Modified CSLBP
Modified CSLBPModified CSLBP
Modified CSLBP
IJECEIAES
 
Iaetsd an efficient way of detecting a numbers in car
Iaetsd an efficient way of detecting a numbers in carIaetsd an efficient way of detecting a numbers in car
Iaetsd an efficient way of detecting a numbers in car
Iaetsd Iaetsd
 

What's hot (17)

Detection of Fruits Defects Using Colour Segmentation Technique
Detection of Fruits Defects Using Colour Segmentation TechniqueDetection of Fruits Defects Using Colour Segmentation Technique
Detection of Fruits Defects Using Colour Segmentation Technique
 
A Color Boosted Local Feature Extraction Method for Mobile Product Search
A Color Boosted Local Feature Extraction Method for Mobile Product SearchA Color Boosted Local Feature Extraction Method for Mobile Product Search
A Color Boosted Local Feature Extraction Method for Mobile Product Search
 
I07015261
I07015261I07015261
I07015261
 
Modified CSLBP
Modified CSLBPModified CSLBP
Modified CSLBP
 
72e7e5159b94f2bbd3
72e7e5159b94f2bbd372e7e5159b94f2bbd3
72e7e5159b94f2bbd3
 
A Framework for Curved Videotext Detection and Extraction
A Framework for Curved Videotext Detection and ExtractionA Framework for Curved Videotext Detection and Extraction
A Framework for Curved Videotext Detection and Extraction
 
Text-Image Separation in Document Images using Boundary/Perimeter Detection
Text-Image Separation in Document Images using Boundary/Perimeter DetectionText-Image Separation in Document Images using Boundary/Perimeter Detection
Text-Image Separation in Document Images using Boundary/Perimeter Detection
 
Texture descriptor based on local combination adaptive ternary pattern
Texture descriptor based on local combination adaptive ternary patternTexture descriptor based on local combination adaptive ternary pattern
Texture descriptor based on local combination adaptive ternary pattern
 
Empirical Coding for Curvature Based Linear Representation in Image Retrieval...
Empirical Coding for Curvature Based Linear Representation in Image Retrieval...Empirical Coding for Curvature Based Linear Representation in Image Retrieval...
Empirical Coding for Curvature Based Linear Representation in Image Retrieval...
 
Image search using similarity measures based on circular sectors
Image search using similarity measures based on circular sectorsImage search using similarity measures based on circular sectors
Image search using similarity measures based on circular sectors
 
Iaetsd an efficient way of detecting a numbers in car
Iaetsd an efficient way of detecting a numbers in carIaetsd an efficient way of detecting a numbers in car
Iaetsd an efficient way of detecting a numbers in car
 
Text Extraction from Image using Python
Text Extraction from Image using PythonText Extraction from Image using Python
Text Extraction from Image using Python
 
Particle filter and cam shift approach for motion detection
Particle filter and cam shift approach for motion detectionParticle filter and cam shift approach for motion detection
Particle filter and cam shift approach for motion detection
 
Image Inpainting
Image InpaintingImage Inpainting
Image Inpainting
 
Ba34321326
Ba34321326Ba34321326
Ba34321326
 
Multispectral Satellite Color Image Segmentation Using Fuzzy Based Innovative...
Multispectral Satellite Color Image Segmentation Using Fuzzy Based Innovative...Multispectral Satellite Color Image Segmentation Using Fuzzy Based Innovative...
Multispectral Satellite Color Image Segmentation Using Fuzzy Based Innovative...
 
A Hough Transform Implementation for Line Detection for a Mobile Robot Self-N...
A Hough Transform Implementation for Line Detection for a Mobile Robot Self-N...A Hough Transform Implementation for Line Detection for a Mobile Robot Self-N...
A Hough Transform Implementation for Line Detection for a Mobile Robot Self-N...
 

Viewers also liked

Факторы востребованности ведущих вузов России_семинар "Актуальные исследовани...
Факторы востребованности ведущих вузов России_семинар "Актуальные исследовани...Факторы востребованности ведущих вузов России_семинар "Актуальные исследовани...
Факторы востребованности ведущих вузов России_семинар "Актуальные исследовани...
Stepan Zemtsov
 

Viewers also liked (7)

Diffusion of innovation and innovativeness of Russian regions (ICT-products a...
Diffusion of innovation and innovativeness of Russian regions (ICT-products a...Diffusion of innovation and innovativeness of Russian regions (ICT-products a...
Diffusion of innovation and innovativeness of Russian regions (ICT-products a...
 
Content-Based Image Retrieval Using Error Diffusion Block Truncation Coding F...
Content-Based Image Retrieval Using Error Diffusion Block Truncation Coding F...Content-Based Image Retrieval Using Error Diffusion Block Truncation Coding F...
Content-Based Image Retrieval Using Error Diffusion Block Truncation Coding F...
 
SME’s cluster identification in Russia
SME’s cluster identification in RussiaSME’s cluster identification in Russia
SME’s cluster identification in Russia
 
Факторы востребованности ведущих вузов России_семинар "Актуальные исследовани...
Факторы востребованности ведущих вузов России_семинар "Актуальные исследовани...Факторы востребованности ведущих вузов России_семинар "Актуальные исследовани...
Факторы востребованности ведущих вузов России_семинар "Актуальные исследовани...
 
Рейтинг "Инновационный бизнес в регионах России" (презентация, Гайдаровский ф...
Рейтинг "Инновационный бизнес в регионах России" (презентация, Гайдаровский ф...Рейтинг "Инновационный бизнес в регионах России" (презентация, Гайдаровский ф...
Рейтинг "Инновационный бизнес в регионах России" (презентация, Гайдаровский ф...
 
Земцов С.П. Инновационный потенциал и развитие высоких технологий в Арктическ...
Земцов С.П. Инновационный потенциал и развитие высоких технологий в Арктическ...Земцов С.П. Инновационный потенциал и развитие высоких технологий в Арктическ...
Земцов С.П. Инновационный потенциал и развитие высоких технологий в Арктическ...
 
Content Based Image Retrieval
Content Based Image Retrieval Content Based Image Retrieval
Content Based Image Retrieval
 

Similar to Content based image retrieval using error diffusion block truncation coding features

Halftoning-based BTC image reconstruction using patch processing with border ...
Halftoning-based BTC image reconstruction using patch processing with border ...Halftoning-based BTC image reconstruction using patch processing with border ...
Halftoning-based BTC image reconstruction using patch processing with border ...
TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
 
Improving Performance of Multileveled BTC Based CBIR Using Sundry Color Spaces
Improving Performance of Multileveled BTC Based CBIR Using Sundry Color SpacesImproving Performance of Multileveled BTC Based CBIR Using Sundry Color Spaces
Improving Performance of Multileveled BTC Based CBIR Using Sundry Color Spaces
CSCJournals
 

Similar to Content based image retrieval using error diffusion block truncation coding features (20)

Feature Extraction in Content based Image Retrieval
Feature Extraction in Content based Image RetrievalFeature Extraction in Content based Image Retrieval
Feature Extraction in Content based Image Retrieval
 
Halftoning-based BTC image reconstruction using patch processing with border ...
Halftoning-based BTC image reconstruction using patch processing with border ...Halftoning-based BTC image reconstruction using patch processing with border ...
Halftoning-based BTC image reconstruction using patch processing with border ...
 
Image Retrieval Based on its Contents Using Features Extraction
Image Retrieval Based on its Contents Using Features ExtractionImage Retrieval Based on its Contents Using Features Extraction
Image Retrieval Based on its Contents Using Features Extraction
 
Content based image retrieval based on shape with texture features
Content based image retrieval based on shape with texture featuresContent based image retrieval based on shape with texture features
Content based image retrieval based on shape with texture features
 
SEARCH ENGINE FOR IMAGE RETRIEVAL
SEARCH ENGINE FOR IMAGE RETRIEVALSEARCH ENGINE FOR IMAGE RETRIEVAL
SEARCH ENGINE FOR IMAGE RETRIEVAL
 
Real-time Multi-object Face Recognition Using Content Based Image Retrieval (...
Real-time Multi-object Face Recognition Using Content Based Image Retrieval (...Real-time Multi-object Face Recognition Using Content Based Image Retrieval (...
Real-time Multi-object Face Recognition Using Content Based Image Retrieval (...
 
IMAGE SEARCH USING SIMILARITY MEASURES BASED ON CIRCULAR SECTORS
IMAGE SEARCH USING SIMILARITY MEASURES BASED ON CIRCULAR SECTORSIMAGE SEARCH USING SIMILARITY MEASURES BASED ON CIRCULAR SECTORS
IMAGE SEARCH USING SIMILARITY MEASURES BASED ON CIRCULAR SECTORS
 
Improving Performance of Multileveled BTC Based CBIR Using Sundry Color Spaces
Improving Performance of Multileveled BTC Based CBIR Using Sundry Color SpacesImproving Performance of Multileveled BTC Based CBIR Using Sundry Color Spaces
Improving Performance of Multileveled BTC Based CBIR Using Sundry Color Spaces
 
JPEG XR objective and subjective evaluations
JPEG XR objective and subjective evaluationsJPEG XR objective and subjective evaluations
JPEG XR objective and subjective evaluations
 
B017360516
B017360516B017360516
B017360516
 
Side-Match Vector Quantizers Using Neural Network Based Variance Predictor fo...
Side-Match Vector Quantizers Using Neural Network Based Variance Predictor fo...Side-Match Vector Quantizers Using Neural Network Based Variance Predictor fo...
Side-Match Vector Quantizers Using Neural Network Based Variance Predictor fo...
 
Information search using text and image query
Information search using text and image queryInformation search using text and image query
Information search using text and image query
 
Information search using text and image query
Information search using text and image queryInformation search using text and image query
Information search using text and image query
 
Ijcet 06 06_006
Ijcet 06 06_006Ijcet 06 06_006
Ijcet 06 06_006
 
Web Image Retrieval Using Visual Dictionary
Web Image Retrieval Using Visual DictionaryWeb Image Retrieval Using Visual Dictionary
Web Image Retrieval Using Visual Dictionary
 
Web Image Retrieval Using Visual Dictionary
Web Image Retrieval Using Visual DictionaryWeb Image Retrieval Using Visual Dictionary
Web Image Retrieval Using Visual Dictionary
 
A REVIEW ON IMAGE COMPRESSION USING HALFTONING BASED BTC
A  REVIEW ON IMAGE COMPRESSION USING HALFTONING BASED BTC A  REVIEW ON IMAGE COMPRESSION USING HALFTONING BASED BTC
A REVIEW ON IMAGE COMPRESSION USING HALFTONING BASED BTC
 
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON IMAGE COMPRESSION USING HALFTONING BASED BLOCK TRUNCAT...
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON IMAGE COMPRESSION USING HALFTONING BASED BLOCK TRUNCAT...A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON IMAGE COMPRESSION USING HALFTONING BASED BLOCK TRUNCAT...
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON IMAGE COMPRESSION USING HALFTONING BASED BLOCK TRUNCAT...
 
Analysis of combined approaches of CBIR systems by clustering at varying prec...
Analysis of combined approaches of CBIR systems by clustering at varying prec...Analysis of combined approaches of CBIR systems by clustering at varying prec...
Analysis of combined approaches of CBIR systems by clustering at varying prec...
 
A Review of Feature Extraction Techniques for CBIR based on SVM
A Review of Feature Extraction Techniques for CBIR based on SVMA Review of Feature Extraction Techniques for CBIR based on SVM
A Review of Feature Extraction Techniques for CBIR based on SVM
 

More from I3E Technologies

More from I3E Technologies (20)

Add
AddAdd
Add
 
Design of a low voltage low-dropout regulator
Design of a low voltage low-dropout regulatorDesign of a low voltage low-dropout regulator
Design of a low voltage low-dropout regulator
 
An efficient constant multiplier architecture based on vertical horizontal bi...
An efficient constant multiplier architecture based on vertical horizontal bi...An efficient constant multiplier architecture based on vertical horizontal bi...
An efficient constant multiplier architecture based on vertical horizontal bi...
 
Aging aware reliable multiplier design with adaptive hold logic
Aging aware reliable multiplier design with adaptive hold logicAging aware reliable multiplier design with adaptive hold logic
Aging aware reliable multiplier design with adaptive hold logic
 
A high performance fir filter architecture for fixed and reconfigurable appli...
A high performance fir filter architecture for fixed and reconfigurable appli...A high performance fir filter architecture for fixed and reconfigurable appli...
A high performance fir filter architecture for fixed and reconfigurable appli...
 
A generalized algorithm and reconfigurable architecture for efficient and sca...
A generalized algorithm and reconfigurable architecture for efficient and sca...A generalized algorithm and reconfigurable architecture for efficient and sca...
A generalized algorithm and reconfigurable architecture for efficient and sca...
 
A combined sdc sdf architecture for normal i o pipelined radix-2 fft
A combined sdc sdf architecture for normal i o pipelined radix-2 fftA combined sdc sdf architecture for normal i o pipelined radix-2 fft
A combined sdc sdf architecture for normal i o pipelined radix-2 fft
 
Reverse converter design via parallel prefix adders novel components, method...
Reverse converter design via parallel prefix adders  novel components, method...Reverse converter design via parallel prefix adders  novel components, method...
Reverse converter design via parallel prefix adders novel components, method...
 
Pre encoded multipliers based on non-redundant radix-4 signed-digit encoding
Pre encoded multipliers based on non-redundant radix-4 signed-digit encodingPre encoded multipliers based on non-redundant radix-4 signed-digit encoding
Pre encoded multipliers based on non-redundant radix-4 signed-digit encoding
 
Energy optimized subthreshold vlsi logic family with unbalanced pull up down ...
Energy optimized subthreshold vlsi logic family with unbalanced pull up down ...Energy optimized subthreshold vlsi logic family with unbalanced pull up down ...
Energy optimized subthreshold vlsi logic family with unbalanced pull up down ...
 
Variable form carrier-based pwm for boost-voltage motor driver with a charge-...
Variable form carrier-based pwm for boost-voltage motor driver with a charge-...Variable form carrier-based pwm for boost-voltage motor driver with a charge-...
Variable form carrier-based pwm for boost-voltage motor driver with a charge-...
 
Ultrasparse ac link converters
Ultrasparse ac link convertersUltrasparse ac link converters
Ultrasparse ac link converters
 
Single inductor dual-output buck–boost power factor correction converter
Single inductor dual-output buck–boost power factor correction converterSingle inductor dual-output buck–boost power factor correction converter
Single inductor dual-output buck–boost power factor correction converter
 
Ripple minimization through harmonic elimination in asymmetric interleaved mu...
Ripple minimization through harmonic elimination in asymmetric interleaved mu...Ripple minimization through harmonic elimination in asymmetric interleaved mu...
Ripple minimization through harmonic elimination in asymmetric interleaved mu...
 
Resonance analysis and soft switching design of isolated boost converter with...
Resonance analysis and soft switching design of isolated boost converter with...Resonance analysis and soft switching design of isolated boost converter with...
Resonance analysis and soft switching design of isolated boost converter with...
 
Reliability evaluation of conventional and interleaved dc–dc boost converters
Reliability evaluation of conventional and interleaved dc–dc boost convertersReliability evaluation of conventional and interleaved dc–dc boost converters
Reliability evaluation of conventional and interleaved dc–dc boost converters
 
Power factor corrected zeta converter based improved power quality switched m...
Power factor corrected zeta converter based improved power quality switched m...Power factor corrected zeta converter based improved power quality switched m...
Power factor corrected zeta converter based improved power quality switched m...
 
Pfc cuk converter fed bldc motor drive
Pfc cuk converter fed bldc motor drivePfc cuk converter fed bldc motor drive
Pfc cuk converter fed bldc motor drive
 
Optimized operation of current fed dual active bridge dc dc converter for pv ...
Optimized operation of current fed dual active bridge dc dc converter for pv ...Optimized operation of current fed dual active bridge dc dc converter for pv ...
Optimized operation of current fed dual active bridge dc dc converter for pv ...
 
Online variable topology type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter
Online variable topology type photovoltaic grid-connected inverterOnline variable topology type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter
Online variable topology type photovoltaic grid-connected inverter
 

Recently uploaded

Verification of thevenin's theorem for BEEE Lab (1).pptx
Verification of thevenin's theorem for BEEE Lab (1).pptxVerification of thevenin's theorem for BEEE Lab (1).pptx
Verification of thevenin's theorem for BEEE Lab (1).pptx
chumtiyababu
 
DeepFakes presentation : brief idea of DeepFakes
DeepFakes presentation : brief idea of DeepFakesDeepFakes presentation : brief idea of DeepFakes
DeepFakes presentation : brief idea of DeepFakes
MayuraD1
 
Cara Menggugurkan Sperma Yang Masuk Rahim Biyar Tidak Hamil
Cara Menggugurkan Sperma Yang Masuk Rahim Biyar Tidak HamilCara Menggugurkan Sperma Yang Masuk Rahim Biyar Tidak Hamil
Cara Menggugurkan Sperma Yang Masuk Rahim Biyar Tidak Hamil
Cara Menggugurkan Kandungan 087776558899
 
"Lesotho Leaps Forward: A Chronicle of Transformative Developments"
"Lesotho Leaps Forward: A Chronicle of Transformative Developments""Lesotho Leaps Forward: A Chronicle of Transformative Developments"
"Lesotho Leaps Forward: A Chronicle of Transformative Developments"
mphochane1998
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Generative AI or GenAI technology based PPT
Generative AI or GenAI technology based PPTGenerative AI or GenAI technology based PPT
Generative AI or GenAI technology based PPT
 
Introduction to Serverless with AWS Lambda
Introduction to Serverless with AWS LambdaIntroduction to Serverless with AWS Lambda
Introduction to Serverless with AWS Lambda
 
HAND TOOLS USED AT ELECTRONICS WORK PRESENTED BY KOUSTAV SARKAR
HAND TOOLS USED AT ELECTRONICS WORK PRESENTED BY KOUSTAV SARKARHAND TOOLS USED AT ELECTRONICS WORK PRESENTED BY KOUSTAV SARKAR
HAND TOOLS USED AT ELECTRONICS WORK PRESENTED BY KOUSTAV SARKAR
 
AIRCANVAS[1].pdf mini project for btech students
AIRCANVAS[1].pdf mini project for btech studentsAIRCANVAS[1].pdf mini project for btech students
AIRCANVAS[1].pdf mini project for btech students
 
Work-Permit-Receiver-in-Saudi-Aramco.pptx
Work-Permit-Receiver-in-Saudi-Aramco.pptxWork-Permit-Receiver-in-Saudi-Aramco.pptx
Work-Permit-Receiver-in-Saudi-Aramco.pptx
 
Verification of thevenin's theorem for BEEE Lab (1).pptx
Verification of thevenin's theorem for BEEE Lab (1).pptxVerification of thevenin's theorem for BEEE Lab (1).pptx
Verification of thevenin's theorem for BEEE Lab (1).pptx
 
kiln thermal load.pptx kiln tgermal load
kiln thermal load.pptx kiln tgermal loadkiln thermal load.pptx kiln tgermal load
kiln thermal load.pptx kiln tgermal load
 
GEAR TRAIN- BASIC CONCEPTS AND WORKING PRINCIPLE
GEAR TRAIN- BASIC CONCEPTS AND WORKING PRINCIPLEGEAR TRAIN- BASIC CONCEPTS AND WORKING PRINCIPLE
GEAR TRAIN- BASIC CONCEPTS AND WORKING PRINCIPLE
 
Employee leave management system project.
Employee leave management system project.Employee leave management system project.
Employee leave management system project.
 
DeepFakes presentation : brief idea of DeepFakes
DeepFakes presentation : brief idea of DeepFakesDeepFakes presentation : brief idea of DeepFakes
DeepFakes presentation : brief idea of DeepFakes
 
COST-EFFETIVE and Energy Efficient BUILDINGS ptx
COST-EFFETIVE  and Energy Efficient BUILDINGS ptxCOST-EFFETIVE  and Energy Efficient BUILDINGS ptx
COST-EFFETIVE and Energy Efficient BUILDINGS ptx
 
Thermal Engineering-R & A / C - unit - V
Thermal Engineering-R & A / C - unit - VThermal Engineering-R & A / C - unit - V
Thermal Engineering-R & A / C - unit - V
 
A CASE STUDY ON CERAMIC INDUSTRY OF BANGLADESH.pptx
A CASE STUDY ON CERAMIC INDUSTRY OF BANGLADESH.pptxA CASE STUDY ON CERAMIC INDUSTRY OF BANGLADESH.pptx
A CASE STUDY ON CERAMIC INDUSTRY OF BANGLADESH.pptx
 
Computer Networks Basics of Network Devices
Computer Networks  Basics of Network DevicesComputer Networks  Basics of Network Devices
Computer Networks Basics of Network Devices
 
Cara Menggugurkan Sperma Yang Masuk Rahim Biyar Tidak Hamil
Cara Menggugurkan Sperma Yang Masuk Rahim Biyar Tidak HamilCara Menggugurkan Sperma Yang Masuk Rahim Biyar Tidak Hamil
Cara Menggugurkan Sperma Yang Masuk Rahim Biyar Tidak Hamil
 
Design For Accessibility: Getting it right from the start
Design For Accessibility: Getting it right from the startDesign For Accessibility: Getting it right from the start
Design For Accessibility: Getting it right from the start
 
Bhubaneswar🌹Call Girls Bhubaneswar ❤Komal 9777949614 💟 Full Trusted CALL GIRL...
Bhubaneswar🌹Call Girls Bhubaneswar ❤Komal 9777949614 💟 Full Trusted CALL GIRL...Bhubaneswar🌹Call Girls Bhubaneswar ❤Komal 9777949614 💟 Full Trusted CALL GIRL...
Bhubaneswar🌹Call Girls Bhubaneswar ❤Komal 9777949614 💟 Full Trusted CALL GIRL...
 
"Lesotho Leaps Forward: A Chronicle of Transformative Developments"
"Lesotho Leaps Forward: A Chronicle of Transformative Developments""Lesotho Leaps Forward: A Chronicle of Transformative Developments"
"Lesotho Leaps Forward: A Chronicle of Transformative Developments"
 
data_management_and _data_science_cheat_sheet.pdf
data_management_and _data_science_cheat_sheet.pdfdata_management_and _data_science_cheat_sheet.pdf
data_management_and _data_science_cheat_sheet.pdf
 
Computer Lecture 01.pptxIntroduction to Computers
Computer Lecture 01.pptxIntroduction to ComputersComputer Lecture 01.pptxIntroduction to Computers
Computer Lecture 01.pptxIntroduction to Computers
 

Content based image retrieval using error diffusion block truncation coding features

  • 1. CONTENT-BASED IMAGE RETRIEVAL USING ERROR DIFFUSION BLOCK TRUNCATION CODING FEATURES ABSTRACT A new approach to index colorimages using the features extracted from the error diffusion blocktruncation coding (EDBTC). The EDBTC produces two colorquantizes and a bitmap image, which are further processedusing vector quantization (VQ) to generate the image featuredescriptor. Herein two features are introduced, namely, colorhistogram feature (CHF) and bit pattern histogram feature(BHF), to measure the similarity between a query image andthe target image in database. The CHF and BHF are computedfrom the VQ-indexed color quantize and VQ-indexed bitmapimage, respectively. The distance computed from CHF and BHFcan be utilized to measure the similarity between two images.As documented in the experimental result, the proposed indexingmethod outperforms the former block truncation coding basedimage indexing and the other existing image retrieval schemeswith natural and textural data sets. Thus, the proposed EDBTCis not only examined with good capability for image compressionbut also offers an effective way to index images for the contentbasedimage retrieval system.