Ppt on Summer training in Doordarshan

1. A PRESENTATION
BASED ON
INDUSTRIAL TRAINING
IN
DOORDARSHAN HIGH POWER TRANSMITTER,
KANPUR
1
Submitted by: Guided by:
Hina Saxena Mr. P.P Singh
ECE 4th year A.E.
R.K.G.I.T, Ghaziabad Doordarshan, Kanpur

2. CONTENTS
2
1. Subtopic-A case study related to DD/AIR.
2. Recent Scenario Of Electronic Media
3. Television In Day To Day Life
4. Introduction
5. A Short History
6. TV Studio
7. Vision mixer
8. Audio & video chain
9.MSR
10.Earth station
11.OB VAN & DSNG

3. BRIEF STUDY OF DECAY IN GOVT. SECTOR
ELEC. ENTERTAINMENT MEDIA IN INDIA
(DORDARSHAN/ AKASHWANI)
3

4. 4

5. INTRODUCTION
5
Broadcasting:
Process of sending information to a distant
place is called Broadcasting.
Means of Broadcasting in India:
1.Terrestrial
2.Satellite
3.Internet
Both AIR & DD make use of both Terrestrial &
satellite.

6. A SHORT HISTORY
6
1- Broadcasting started in India in the year 1923.
2- AIR was formed in the year 1936.
3- In 1947, AIR was covering 2.5% & about 11% of land
& population respectively.
4- 1st T.V Station was established in Delhi in 1959
5- T.V was separated from AIR in 1976
6- DD has 1500 Transmitters and 70 Production centers
across the Country.

7. TV STUDIO
7
• A Television Studio is an installation in which
television or video productions take place by using
several supporting equipments.

8. COMPONENTS OF TV STUDIO
8
1. Camera
2. Lighting
3. Microphones
4. Vision mixer and Audio consoles
5. MSR
6. VTR
7. Acoustics
8. Post production and video effects
9. Supporting services like AC, UPS

9. VISION MIXER
9
1. A vision mixer (also called video switcher, video mixer or production
switcher) is a device used to select between several different video sources and
in some cases mix video sources together and add special effects.
2. It has many input sources such as cameras,
VCR/ server, Graphics/Character
Generators etc.
3. Out of these i/p, any source can be taken
as o/p.
4. Sources can be changed as cut to cut,
dissolve, wipe and other special effects.

10. TYPICAL VIDEO CHAIN
10
1-Use PAL system (720*576) in 4:3 aspect ratio.
2-For TV Transmission It uses VSM .
3-It Uses C Band( DTH uses Ku band) and in the transmitter room it has two
10 KW Transmitters for Broadcasting.

11. TYPICAL AUDIO CHAIN
11
Distributor
Audio
Console
Analog to
AES
Converter
Earth station
through
Optical Fiber
STL Link
Sources

12. MSR (MASTER SWITCHING ROOM)
12
# It is the heart of the studio.
# Most of the switching
electronics is kept e.g. camera
base stations, switcher main
frame, Satellite receivers, MW
link, DDA & most of the patch
panels.
# Signal is routed through
MSR.
# Signal can be Monitored at
various stages

13. EARTH STATION
13
Earth Station is a very important part of satellite
communication system for broadcasting of signals.
• It is an uplink center from which the signals are fed to Satellite for
distribution in a specified area covered by the Satellite.
• The signal is up-linked from the Earth Station and received by many
down link centers in TV broad casting via PDA.
• Two Types:
1) Analog
2) Digital
• Digital Earth Stations are widely used because of various advantages
over analog.

14. MAJOR COMPONENTS OF DIGITAL EARTH
STATION
14
• PDA (Parabolic Dish
Antenna)
• FEED
• Wave Guide / Low Loss
Cable
• Up converter
• Modulator
• Encoder
• Multiplexer
• IRD (Integrated Receiver
Decoder)

15. OB VAN
Outside broadcasting (OB) is the electronic field production (EFP)
of television or radio programmes (typically to cover television
news and sports television events) from a mobile remote broadcast
television studio.
15

16. OB VAN
16
• A typical OB Van is usually divided into 4 parts.
• The first and largest part is the production area or
sitting area for all directors & producers.
• The second part of a van is for the audio engineer.
• The 3rd part of the van is video tape
• The 4th part is transmission where the signal is
monitored by and engineered for quality control
purposes and is transmitted or sent to other trucks.
If there is a live program to be telecast following options can
be chosen.
 Microwave link
 DSNG (digital satellite news gathering)

17. MICROWAVE LINK
17
 Audio and video signals are feed to micowave transmitter.
 Input video is processed and up converted to 12.25 & 12.30 GHz.
 Approx transmission power is 600 milli watts
 Transmit/ receive station is 1.1 m in diameter.

18. DSNG
18
• Audio/ video input is processed by
an encoder as per mpeg-2
standard.
• The audio and video along with
other data are multiplied.
• Multiplied data forward error
corrected using a standard
technique.
• Error corrected codes are QPSK
modulated at 70 MHz.
• The modulated signal is up
converted to power amplifiers.

19. DOORDARSHAN IS IN THE RACE !
1- Free To Air Service provider.
2- India’s National TV Channel / wireless Broadcasting Media
( DD National/ DD News / DD Metro Etc. )
3- Directly works Under Government Policies .
4- Terrestrial Broadcasting of Programs In the regional
Languages that have similar contents that belongs to the specific
region. Likewise DD Bareilly, DD Lucknow , etc.
5- Prasar Bharti, India have the largest amount of Land ,
machinery and workers than any other Media Provider company
in India.
19

20. DOORDARSHAN IS LOOSING THE RACE !
20
1- Not running with recent trends and Viewers Expectations.
2- No use of latest virtualization /visualization techniques in educational/ informative
programs so due to this they are so Boring.
3- Very Less TRP then Other Competitors in market, like colors, zee, star etc.
4- Youth Content in Programs are so less. i.e. Music/ Employment Programs/ Personality
Improvement programs/ Quiz programs etc.
5- Not Utilizing their full assets.
6- Not interested in market survey at all.(No feedback from users side).

21. SUGGESTED SOLUTIONS
21
1- Give Chance to Young minds, so they can show their
Creativity.
2- Best Optimized use of Presently availiable resources.
3- Understand the Funda’s of Todays Market. 4-4-4-
Proper Promotion of programs by paid and free
mediums.
4-Paid-High Resolution Cam/ Proper editing software.
5-Free- Facebook / Google/ Youtube.
6- Take support from the Experienced Co-operate
persons to rise fast.

22. CONCLUSION
• Overall a very nice experience .
• Learn about Team work power.
• Updated my knowledge about the National Income and
22
also Doordarshan role in it.
• Practically watched how studio recording take place.
Finally I can say that this summer training make me feel like I am really a Future
Engineer.