The document is a presentation about a line follower robot. It includes sections about the robot model, programming, motors, and working model. The robot uses two IR sensors to detect a black line and send signals to a microcontroller. The microcontroller then instructs two DC motors wired in an H-bridge configuration to move the robot forward or backward to follow the line. It can also turn by stopping one motor. The presentation explains how the robot's components work together with programming to allow the robot to autonomously follow a path using infrared light detection.

1. Pre se nt at ion
O n
Line followe r rob ot
Guided By:
Mr. Devendra Goyal
Asst. Prof. Of EE
Submitted By:
Himanshu mittal(K10760)

2. Table Of Content
 Model
 Robot
 WHY ROBOTICS ?
 PROGRAMMING
 MOTOR
 WORKING MODEL

3. MODEL

4. Robot
 A robot is a mechanical or virtual artificial agent, usually
an electro-mechanical machine which performs a
variety of tasks that is guided by a computer program or
electronic circuitry.
 Types- Stationary robot, Mobile robot.
 Constitution of robot- locomotive system, power supply,
actuators, sensory devices for feedback, control system.
 Applications- Manufacturing industry, medical science,
robots in space, national defense, transportation,
agriculture etc…

5. WHY ROBOTICS ?
 Robotics inspires to make connections across several disciplines rather than
learning topics in isolation as it combines mechanical, electronic, electrical
and programming skills.
 It gives visual grasp of math and science
 It builds logical thinking
 It brings out innovation and creativity
 It enhances problem solving skills.
 As technology becomes increasingly important in today's world, it is
invaluable to not only learn how to use technology, but also to understand how
to create it.

6. PROGRAMMING
 Program is written in C language.
 Code is written to give instructions to computer to perform a particular
task in a particular condition.
 Code is compiled to generate machine file.
 Computer only understand this machine file which is in the language of
0 & 1.
 Now this file is been feed in the memory of the microcontroller.

7. MOTOR
 Two motors have been used to rotate the two wheels
clockwise or anticlockwise. This provides motion to the
robot.
 Motors are arranged in a fashion called H-Bridge.
 H-Bridge-It is an electronic circuit which enables a
voltage to be applied across a load in either direction.
 It allows a circuit full control over a standard electric DC
motor. That is, with an H-bridge, a microcontroller, logic
chip, or remote control can electronically command the
motor to go forward, reverse, brake, and coast.

8. MOTOR
 To power the motor, two switches are turned on that
are diagonally opposed in the H-Bridge.
 The combination of switches that are on, decide the
motion of robot whether it will go forward, backward
or take turn.
 IR Analog Sensor:-
Transmitter- An infrared emitting diode.
Receiver- A phototransistor.

9. WORKING MODEL
 The working model of a line follower consists of two motors, one
ATmega8 circuit board, two wheels, two IR sensors, LEDs, wires
and power supply.
 The IR sensors get the input and according to the program the
LEDs glow depending on the input. The two motors rotate
together in one direction to go forward or backward. For taking a
right turn, the motor at right side stops and left side one
continues to rotate. This rotation depends on the program which
gives instructions to the motor depending on the input that
sensor gives.
 IR sensors provide the input, motors give the output and the
wheels make the robot to follow a line.

10. WORKING MODEL
 Follower robot is a mobile machine that can follow a path.
The path can be a visible black line on a white surface.
 The IR sensors receive an analog signal that depends on
the intensity of light reflected by the black line of emitted
beam by the LEDs.
 These signals are sent to the ADC comparator which
creates digital signals that are sent to Microcontroller.
 The microcontroller gives instructions to motor to perform
work.

11. Thank You