Cold War

1. Cold War
Eisenhower Years

2. Eisenhower Years
Was a famous WW2 General
Commanded Operation
Overlord
aka… D-Day
Short biography: click here

3. Brinksmanship=
massive retaliation
Diplomatic policy of going
to the edge of all out war
against the USSR
John Foster Dulles,
Secretary of State for
Eisenhower (1953-1961)
Brinksmanship was a way
to stop spread of
communism with the
threat of war

4. North AtlanticTreatyOrganization(1949)
 United States
 Belgium
 Britain
 Canada
 Denmark
 France
 Iceland
 Italy
 Luxemburg
 Netherlands
 Norway
 Portugal
 1952: Greece &
Turkey
 1955: West Germany
 1983: Spain

5. WarsawPact (1955)
} U. S. S. R.
} Albania
} Bulgaria
} Czechoslovakia
} East Germany
} Hungary
} Poland
} Rumania

7. H Bomb
Twenty times more
powerful than the first
atomic bomb,
it inaugurated the
start of a terrifying
arms race

9. Click
Here

11. The Ideological Struggle
Soviet &
Eastern Bloc
Nations
[“Iron Curtain”]
US & the
Western
Democracies
GOAL  spread world-
wide Communism
GOAL  “Containment”
of Communism & the
eventual collapse of the
Communist world.
[George Kennan]METHODOLOGIES:
 Espionage [KGB vs. CIA]
 Arms Race [nuclear escalation]
 Ideological Competition for the minds and hearts
of Third World peoples [Communist govt. &
command economy vs. democratic govt. & capitalist
economy]  “proxy wars”
 Bi-Polarization of Europe [NATO vs. Warsaw Pact]

12. Space Race starts in 1957
Sputnik 1, the first
artificial satellite, was
launched by the
Soviet Union on
October 4, 1957.

13. Sputnik 2
carried the first
living creature
into orbit, a
small female
dog named
Laika.

14. SPACE RACE:
USA forms NASA in order to keep up with
the Russians

15. Escape from
cities in case of
nuclear attack
Easy way to
move troops in
case of attack
Economically a
winner…
transporting
goods

16. U 2 Spy Plane Incident
1960
USSR shoots down
USA spy plane over
Russia
Spy flight
unauthorized and
cause of
embarrassment to
USA
Pilot:
Francis Gary Powers

17. U2 Incident 1960
Powers was
jailed in Russia
until Feb. 1962

18. Eisenhower starts CIA
Central Intelligence
Agency
Mission is to gather
information and carry
out secret missions to
weaken or overthrow
nations unfriendly to
the USA

19. CIA: Central Intelligence
Agency / Spies
CIA helps
– IRAN (1953) and puts
Shah in power
– Guatemala (1954)
– Conducts spy work
throughout the world
to stop communism

20. 1956 Hungarian Uprising
Kruschev becomes
leader of USSR in
1956
Hungary protestors
turn violent against
their RUSSIAN
occupiers.
Russians send in
tanks.

21. Eisenhower Doctrine
USA to provide $$$
and aid to Middle
East nations who
would avoid alliance
with Communism

22. U 2 Spy Plane Incident
1960
USSR shoots down
USA spy plane over
Russia
Spy flight
unauthorized and
cause of
embarrassment to
USA
Pilot:
Francis Gary Powers

23. John F. Kennedy (JFK) became
president after Eisenhower
JFKEisenhower:
IKE