It's simple to understand the synthesis. Hydrothermal method is a chemical reaction in water in a sealed pressure vessel, which is in fact a type of reaction at both high temperature and pressure.

1. Submitted by
P.Jeyakiruba
PhD (RA2033003011003)
SRMIST
Kattankulathur,Chennai

2.  The reactants are dissolved (or placed)in
water or another solvent in closed vessel.
 Convensitional (or)microwave oven
 Commercially tons of zeolites daily.
 Hydrothermal synthesis can be defined as a
method of synthesis of single crystals that
depends on the solubility of minerals in hot
water under high pressure.

4. Advantages
 1).Simple procedure
 2).low cost
 3)suitable for mass production of Hap powder
 4)the method of choice for commercial production.
Disadvantages
 1)Heterogenity in phase composition owing to the
small diffusion of ions during the reaction.
 2)Unattractive both scientifically &technologically.

6.  Precursors are dissolved in hot solvents.(Eg
n-butyl alcohol.)
 Solvent other than water can provide milder
& friendlier reaction conditions.
 If the solvent is water then the process is
referred to as hydrothermal method.
 Solvothermal synthesis has been used in
laboratory to make nanostructure
TiO2,Graphene,carbon nanotubes& other
material.

8. Solvothermal synthesis is usually
performed in a reaction vessel called an
autoclave