This document defines various camera movements, camera shots, types of sound, and editing techniques used in media. Camera movements include tilting, panning, and zooming. Camera shots range from extreme long shots to close ups. Sound can be diegetic, non-diegetic, or sound effects. Editing techniques involve cuts, dissolves, jumps cuts, fades, and montages to transition between scenes.

1. Media Terminology

2. Camera movement
• Tilt: Moving the cameras lens up or down while keeping its horizontal
axis constant. Nod your head up and down - this is tilting.
• Pan: Moving the camera lens to one side or another. Look to your left,
then look to your right - that's panning.
• Zoom: Zooming is one camera move that most people are probably
familiar with. It involves changing the focal length of the lens to make
the subject appear closer or further away in the frame.

3. Camera shots
• Extreme Long Shot
frequently used as an establishing shot, a shot taken from a very far difference, a lot can be seen in the frame.
• Mid shot
Shows a part of the object.
• MCU (Medium Close Up)
Half way between a MS and a CU
• CU (Close Up)
A zoom in a particular object
• Two-Shot
A shot of two people, framed similarly to a mid shot.
• Point-of-View Shot (POV)
Shows a view from the subject's perspective.

4. Soundtrack
• Diegetic Sound – Sound which comes from the scene.
• Non Diegetic sound – Sound effects, music or narration which is
added extra to the scene.
• Sound Effects –additional sounds to create an effect. E.g footsteps
• Ambient- Background sounds which are present in the scene e.g.
animals, people, weather etc
• Sound Bridge - At the beginning of a new scene the sound is carried
over from the end of the old scene

5. Editing
• Cut - in editing, a single unbroken strip of film
• Dissolve - a gradual merging of the end of one shot and beginning of another produced by the
superimposition of a fade-out onto a fade-in of equal length.
• Jump cut - A cut which breaks the continuity of time by jumping forward from one part of an action to
another.
• fade
A visual transition between shots or scenes that appears on screen as a brief interval with no picture. The
editor fades one shot to black and then fades in the next. Often used to indicate a change in time and place.
• final cut
The final and approved edit of the film, what the audience sees.
• montage
A scene where the cut is edited to show different scenes at once. The shower scene from Psycho is an
example of montage editing.