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Explanation – Accurate          Interpretation –              Application – Effective       Points Possible
                   - Why is that so?               Meaningful                    - How and where can we
                   - What explains such events?    - What does it mean?          use this knowledge,
                   - How does this work?           - Why does it matter?
                                                   - What makes sense?
                                                                                 skill, or process?
                                                                                 - How should my
                                                                                                               15 points
                                                                                 thinking and action be
                                                                                 modified to meet this
                                                                                 particular situation?

                   Sophisticated: a thorough,      Profound: a powerful and      Masterful: fluent,



                                                                                                               5=A
                   elegant, and inventive          illuminating interpretation   flexible, and efficient;
                   account (model, theory, or      and analysis of the           able to use knowledge
                   explanation); fully             importance /meaning/          and skill and adjust
                   supported, verified, and        significance; tells a rich    understandings well in
                   justified; deep and broad:      and insightful story:         novel, diverse, and
                   goes well beyond the            provides a rich history or    difficult contexts.
                   information given.              context

                   In-depth: going beyond          Revealing: a nuanced          Skilled: competent in



                                                                                                               4=B
                   what is obvious or what was     interpretation and            using knowledge and
                   explicitly taught; makes        analysis of the               skill and adapting
                   subtle connections; well        importance/ meaning/          understandings in a
                   supported by argument and       significance: tells an        variety of appropriate
                   evidence; novel thinking        insightful story; provides    and demanding contexts.
                   displayed.                      a telling history or con
                                                   text

                   Developed: the student is       Perceptive: a helpful         Able: able to perform



                                                                                                               3=C
                   making the work his/her         interpretation or analysis    well with knowledge and
                   own, going beyond the given     of the importance/            skill in a few key
                   —there is supported theory      meaning/ significance;        contexts, with a limited
                   here, but insufficient or       tells a clear and             repertoire, flexibility, or
                   inadequate evidence and         instructive story             adaptability to diverse
                   argument.                                                     contexts.

                   Intuitive: an incomplete        Interpreted: a plausible      Apprentice: relies on a



                                                                                                               2=
                   account; extends and            interpretation or analysis    limited repertoire of
                   deepens some of what was        of the importance/            routines; able to perform
                   learned; some "reading          meaning/ significance;        well in familiar or
                   between the lines"; account     makes sense of a story        simple contexts; limited
                   has limited support/                                          use of personal judgment



                                                                                                               D
                   argument/data or sweeping                                     and responsiveness to
                   generalizations. There is a                                   specifics of
                   theory, but one with limited                                  feedback/situation.
                   testing and evidence.


                   Naive: a superficial account;   Literal: a simplistic or      Novice: can perform



                                                                                                               1=F
                   sketchy account of              superficial reading;          only with coaching or
                   facts/ideas or glib             mechanical translation; a     relies on highly scripted,
                   generalizations; a black-and-   decoding with little or no    singular "plug-in"
                   white account less a theory     interpretation; no sense of   (algorithmic and
                   than an unexamined hunch        wider importance or           mechanical) skills,
                   or borrowed idea.               significance; a               procedures. or
                                                   restatement of what was       approaches.
                                                   taught or read.

Wiggins, Grant, and McTighe. Understanding by Design. 1st. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 1998.

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Understanding by Design - Levels of Understanding

  • 1. Explanation – Accurate Interpretation – Application – Effective Points Possible - Why is that so? Meaningful - How and where can we - What explains such events? - What does it mean? use this knowledge, - How does this work? - Why does it matter? - What makes sense? skill, or process? - How should my 15 points thinking and action be modified to meet this particular situation? Sophisticated: a thorough, Profound: a powerful and Masterful: fluent, 5=A elegant, and inventive illuminating interpretation flexible, and efficient; account (model, theory, or and analysis of the able to use knowledge explanation); fully importance /meaning/ and skill and adjust supported, verified, and significance; tells a rich understandings well in justified; deep and broad: and insightful story: novel, diverse, and goes well beyond the provides a rich history or difficult contexts. information given. context In-depth: going beyond Revealing: a nuanced Skilled: competent in 4=B what is obvious or what was interpretation and using knowledge and explicitly taught; makes analysis of the skill and adapting subtle connections; well importance/ meaning/ understandings in a supported by argument and significance: tells an variety of appropriate evidence; novel thinking insightful story; provides and demanding contexts. displayed. a telling history or con text Developed: the student is Perceptive: a helpful Able: able to perform 3=C making the work his/her interpretation or analysis well with knowledge and own, going beyond the given of the importance/ skill in a few key —there is supported theory meaning/ significance; contexts, with a limited here, but insufficient or tells a clear and repertoire, flexibility, or inadequate evidence and instructive story adaptability to diverse argument. contexts. Intuitive: an incomplete Interpreted: a plausible Apprentice: relies on a 2= account; extends and interpretation or analysis limited repertoire of deepens some of what was of the importance/ routines; able to perform learned; some "reading meaning/ significance; well in familiar or between the lines"; account makes sense of a story simple contexts; limited has limited support/ use of personal judgment D argument/data or sweeping and responsiveness to generalizations. There is a specifics of theory, but one with limited feedback/situation. testing and evidence. Naive: a superficial account; Literal: a simplistic or Novice: can perform 1=F sketchy account of superficial reading; only with coaching or facts/ideas or glib mechanical translation; a relies on highly scripted, generalizations; a black-and- decoding with little or no singular "plug-in" white account less a theory interpretation; no sense of (algorithmic and than an unexamined hunch wider importance or mechanical) skills, or borrowed idea. significance; a procedures. or restatement of what was approaches. taught or read. Wiggins, Grant, and McTighe. Understanding by Design. 1st. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development, 1998.