3. Create four ‘Kung Fu’ actions to represent each
coastal erosion process
4. The secret art
of Coastal Kung Fu Fighting!
Hydraulic Action: make punching movements with hand-
demonstrates force of water hitting cliff.
Abrasion: make a throwing gesture with hands like you are
throwing dealing cards very rapidly
Attrition: make 2 fists, and then bring them towards each
other, hitting each other, then open hand to resemble a
stone breaking.
Corrosion: have arms out stretched in front of you, waving
fingers, and moving arms downwards. Sound effect of
something dissolving is needed.
5. Exam Q
• Name and describe two processes of erosion which
affect cliffs.
• 1.......................................................................................
.........................................................................................
.........................................................................................
.................................
• 2.......................................................................................
.........................................................................................
.........................................................................................
................................. [4marks] – 1 mark per named
process, 1 per explanation
8. Homework due
1. Glue in & swap books
2. Evaluate each other’s work:
- Highlight where they use a keyword
- Smiley face where they include fact
- Sad face for a SPaG mistake
- Give them a comment at the end
e.g. ‘Great use of evidence to PROVE IT but next
time describe the impacts better.’
No HW? Epic fail. Come collect your DT slip. Then sit and write in yourNo HW? Epic fail. Come collect your DT slip. Then sit and write in your
book 5 reasons why doing HW is important.book 5 reasons why doing HW is important.
9. Rates of erosion depend on manyRates of erosion depend on many
factors:factors:
• Waves – strength, frequency, heightWaves – strength, frequency, height
• Weather – frequency of storm conditionsWeather – frequency of storm conditions
• Geology of the coastline :Geology of the coastline :
type of rocktype of rock
degree of resistancedegree of resistance
stratificationstratification
stabilitystability
10. The geology of the
coast affects how
much it is eroded.
More resistant rocks
(e.g. chalk) erode
more slowly than less
resistant rocks (e.g.
clay, limestone)
Make a prediction – how will this
headland look in 1000 years?
11. flickr
• Back-to-back
• Number 1 = Look. Describe what you can
see in detail. No keywords.
• Number 2 = Close your eyes. Guess what
the landform / feature / process is.
12. Answer these exam questions in your books using full sentences.
1) Describe the image (3 marks)
2) How was this formed? (2marks)
3) What might the impact be on people? (2marks)
13. Coastlines of Erosion
1. Headlands and bays
2. Cliffs and wave cut platforms
3. Headland erosion and the formation of
caves, blowholes, arches, stacks and stumps
17. Headlands and bays
• Caused by DIFFERENTIAL EROSION
• i.e. where erosion happens at different speeds
• Headlands & bays are found in areas where alternating
resistant and less resistant rock meets the coast at right
angles
• Bays are formed when erosion erodes the softer, less
resistant, rocks more quickly
• Headlands are formed of rocks which are more resistant
to erosion, therefore erode more slowly
18. An example of headlands and bays on the Dorset coastline…
chalk
clay
limestone
Swanage
Bay
19.
20. HW
O.S. Map of Ballard point, a headland on the Jurassic Coast.
What landform is this? …………
What type of rock do you think this
is made from? …………………..
…. ....................................................
.....
What effect does this have?.............
…………………………………………
What do you think the little black
lines mean? …………………………
………………………………………..
What processes might be happening
here? ……………………
…………………………………………
What landform is this? …………
What type of rock do you think this
is made from? …………………..
…. ....................................................
.....
What effect does this have?.............
…………………………………………
22. Wave erosion is greatest when waves break against the foot of the cliff.
1.Wave energy (hydraulic action mostly)
undercuts the foot of the cliff to form a wave
cut notch
2.Over time this
notch enlarges due to
attrition and hydraulic
action. Eventually the
cliff above it cannot
be supported and so
collapses under
gravity.
3.As this is repeated, the cliff retreats inland. The collapsed material at the
base of the cliff forms the Wave cut platform which will be eroded smooth
over time by abrasion.
25. Coastal cake craft challenge
• RESOURCES = cake, sweets, whiteboard,
A3 paper, pens, flip cam, iPhone
• CHALLENGE = explain how a wave cut
platform is caused, using keywords.
Produce a resource to explain the process.
RULES:
No eating until AFTER you have shown
your resource and completed the exam
Q.
26. Wave cut platforms
• Copy the exam question into your books,
then answer it:
“With reference to erosion processes,
explain how wave-cut platforms are
formed” {4marks}
27. Using the terms
below, produce a four
picture storyboard
explaining the
process that produces
a wave cut platform.
High Tide
Low Tide
Wave Cut Notch
Abrasion
Retreat
Wave cut
platform
Cliff
Gravity
Hydraulic
action Attrition
29. 1
High Tide
Low Tide
Attrition & hydraulic
action occurs between high
and low tide- rocks are
hurled at the base of the
cliff & water forced in to
cracks.Tony Cassidy
36. Caves
Caves usually develop
from widening and
deepening of notches
where there are
weaknesses in the cliff
Here you can see
the fault – this will
enlarge to a cave
37. Erosive waves may
blast their way vertically
through lines of
weakness in the roofs of
caves.
This produces a
blowhole on the cliff top.
In stormy conditions sea
spray may spout from
blowholes.
BlowholesBlowholes
38. Arches
These are
formed by the
wearing away of
narrow
headlands often
by two back-to-
back cave
systems joining.
Durdle Door
The waves continue to erode at the foot of the arch
widening it. Eventually the roof of the arch can no longer
be supported and it will collapse under gravity.
39. We can now imagine how
the headland at Durdle
Door might be evolving
Durdle Door inDurdle Door in
the past………the past………
43. Stacks and
stumps
Stacks often represent the seawardStacks often represent the seaward
remnant of a collapsed arch. These tall,remnant of a collapsed arch. These tall,
isolated pillars of rock such as ‘Theisolated pillars of rock such as ‘The
Pinnacles’ on the Dorset coast, arePinnacles’ on the Dorset coast, are
reduced by further wave action toreduced by further wave action to
stumps.stumps.
48. 1. The waves erode FAULTS (cracks) in the headland.
2. The waves eventually erode through the headland to
form an ARCH.
3. The arch becomes unsupported and collapses to
form a STACK.
4. A STUMP is formed from the collapsed stack.
C DBA
Match the image with the most appropriate label.
49. If these photos were taken of one headland over time, which of
these landforms would be the first to be formed?
1 2
3 4
50. 1 2
3
4
This is a cave (‘Stair Hole’).
This is an arch (‘Durdle Door’).
This is a stack (Old Harry’s Rocks).
These are stumps.
51.
52.
53. Dear John letter
• Write a letter in the style of ‘Dear John’
between the features of erosion
• E.g. between a stack and a cliff, or a bay
and a headland, or a platform and a cliff
56. Jurassic
Coast
• Using the maps above, describe the location
of the Jurassic Coast. Use evidence from the
map. [3marks]
N
57. The Jurassic
Coast
• The Jurassic Coast is a section of
coastline in Southern England that shows
geology over millions of years.
• The coastline first began forming
250million years ago
• Dorset shows the geology of the Jurassic
period, between 200-140million years ago
59. Lulworth
cove
• Lulworth Cove, Dorset, has a geology which is a mix of different rocks which
have been tilted upwards over the years to become nearly vertical.
• Millions of years ago, a river rain through the rocks to the sea. This allowed
sea water to enter + erode the rocks inland.
• First an opening in the limestone was eroded, then the sea reached the
softer rocks of clay and sands and very quick erosion happened, spreading
outwards.
• Eventually, the sea eroded far back in to the land until it reached the
resistant chalk. Here the erosion slowed down. This made the perfect
horseshoe-shaped bay you can see.
• Eventually this cove will erode further back and join another cove, to form
one massive bay.
62. Playdoh time
Having heard about how these erosional landforms are
created….….in true Blue Peter style in your groups you
are now going to create your own models to show the
formation of these landforms along a cliff headland.
Using the pens, add the following
labels to your features;
Wave Cut Platform
Wave Cut Notch
Stack Stump
Cave Fault
Arch Headland
Using the post-it notes, add explanations
as to how these features were created.
Include types of erosion
NOW COPY THIS AS AN
ANNOTATED SKETCH INTO
YOUR EXERCISE BOOKS
64. O.S. Map of Ballard point, a headland on the Jurassic Coast.
What landform is this? …………
What type of rock do you think this
is made from? …………………..
…. ....................................................
.....
What effect does this have?.............
…………………………………………
What do you think the little black
lines mean? …………………………
………………………………………..
What processes might be happening
here? ……………………
…………………………………………
What landform is this? …………
What type of rock do you think this
is made from? …………………..
…. ....................................................
.....
What effect does this have?.............
…………………………………………
