Brinkley Unfinished Nation 8e Ch 02

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2: Transplantations and Borderlands
Alan Brinkley, The Unfinished Nation, 8th Edition

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The Early Chesapeake
• Colonists and Natives
– Jamestown’s early ordeal
– John Smith
– Powhatan Confederacy

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The Indian Village of Secoton (ca. 1585)
John White created this illustration of life among the Eastern Woodland
Indians in coastal North Carolina. It shows the diversified agriculture
practiced by the natives.
© Private Collection/Bridgeman Images

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The Early Chesapeake (Continued)
• Reorganization and Expansion
– The “starving time”
• De La Warr’s harsh discipline
– The tobacco economy
– The headright system
– House of Burgesses
– Slavery
• Indentured servants
– Pocahontas
– Demise of the Virginia Company

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The Early Chesapeake (Continued, 2)
• Maryland and the Calverts
– George and Cecilius Calvert
– “Act Concerning Religion”
– House of Delegates
– Tobacco cultivation

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The Growth of the Chesapeake,
1607–1750
This map shows the political forms of European settlement in the region of the Chesapeake Bay in the
seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. Note the several different kinds of colonial enterprises: the
royal colony of Virginia, controlled directly by the English crown after the failure of the early commercial
enterprises there; and the proprietary regions of Maryland, northern Virginia, and North Carolina, which
were under the control of powerful English aristocrats.

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The Early Chesapeake (Continued, 3)
• Bacon’s Rebellion
– William Berkeley’s long tenure
– “Backcountry” resentment
– Consequences of Bacon’s Rebellion

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The Growth of New England
• Plymouth Plantation
– Motives of English Separatists
– Plymouth founded
– Pilgrim-Indian interaction

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The Growth of New England (Continued)
• The Massachusetts Bay Experiment
– Massachusetts Bay Company
– Winthrop’s “city upon a hill”

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The Growth of New England (Continued, 2)
• The Expansion of New England
– Connecticut
• Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
– Roger Williams and Rhode Island
– Anne Hutchinson
– New Hampshire and Maine

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The Growth of New England,
1620–1750
The European settlement of New England traces its origins primarily to two small settlements on the Atlantic
Coast. The first was the Pilgrim settlement at Plymouth, which began in 1620 and spread out through Cape
Cod, southern Massachusetts, and the islands of Martha's Vineyard and Nantucket. The second, much larger
settlement began in Boston in 1630 and spread rapidly through western Massachusetts, north into New
Hampshire and Maine, and south into Connecticut.

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The Growth of New England (Continued, 3)
• Settlers and Natives
– Importance of Indian assistance
– Shifting attitudes

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The Growth of New England (Continued, 4)
• King Philip’s War and the Technology of Battle
– Metacomet
– Flintlock muskets

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A Pequot Village Destroyed
An English artist drew this view of a fortified Pequot village in Connecticut surrounded by English
soldiers and their allies from other tribes during the Pequot War in 1637. The invaders massacred
more than 600 residents of the settlement.
The Library of Congress

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The Restoration Colonies
• The English Civil War
– Oliver Cromwell
– The Restoration of the monarchy

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The Restoration Colonies (Continued)
• The Carolinas
– Charles Town
• Anthony Ashley Cooper
• Fundamental Constitution for Carolina
– Close ties with the Caribbean
– Carolina divided

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The Restoration Colonies (Continued, 2)
• New Netherland, New York, and New Jersey
– New Amsterdam seized
– New York
– New Jersey

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The Restoration Colonies (Continued, 3)
• The Quaker Colonies
– The Quakers
– Pennsylvania established
– Charter of Liberties

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Borderlands and Middle Grounds
– Complex cultural interactions
• The Caribbean Islands
– The English Caribbean
– Sugar and slavery

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Borderlands and Middle Grounds
(Continued)
• Masters and Slaves in the Caribbean
– Harsh conditions for slaves
– Slave culture and resistance

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Borderlands and Middle Grounds
(Continued, 2)
• The Southwest Borderlands
– Spain’s New World empire
– Spanish outposts in North America
– California
– French and Spanish claims
• The Southeast Borderlands
– The Spanish threat

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Borderlands and Middle Grounds
(Continued, 3)
• The Founding of Georgia
– Oglethorpe’s mission
– Georgia founded
– Georgia’s political evolution

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Savannah in 1734
This view of Savannah by an English artist shows the intensely orderly character of early
settlement in the Georgia colony. As the colony grew, its residents gradually abandoned the
plan created by Oglethorpe and his fellow trustees.
© Historic Map Works/Getty Images

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Borderlands and Middle Grounds
(Continued, 4)
• Middle Grounds
– Middle ground accommodation and adaptation
– Elements of a precarious peace
– The shifting balance of power
• Europeans and natives

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The Development of Empire
– The Navigation Acts
• The Dominion of New England
– Lords of Trade
– Sir Edmund Andros

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The Development of Empire (Continued)
• The “Glorious Revolution”
– Dominion of New England abolished
– “Leislerians” and “anti-Leislerians”
– The Crown’s power

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Consider the Source
• Cotton Mather on the Recent History of
New England (1692)

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Debating the Past
• Native Americans and the Middle Ground

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The Unfinished Nation, 8th Edition
Next: Chapter 3
Society and Culture in Provincial America