Brinkley Unfinished Nation 8e Ch 09

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9: Jacksonian America
Alan Brinkley, The Unfinished Nation, 8th Edition

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The Rise of Mass Politics
– Jackson inaugurated
• The Expanding Democracy
– The franchise expanded
– The Dorr Rebellion
– Politics reformed

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The Verdict of the People (1855), by George Caleb Bingham
This scene of an election-day gathering is peopled almost entirely by white men. Women and
blacks were barred from voting, but political rights expanded substantially in the 1830s and
1840s among white males.
© Saint Louis Art Museum, Missouri, USA/Gift of Bank of America/Bridgeman Images

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The Rise of Mass Politics (Continued)
• Tocqueville and Democracy in America
– Portrait of the emerging democracy
• The Legitimization of Party
– The two-party system
• President of the Common People
– The spoils system

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“Our Federal Union”
• Calhoun and Nullification
– The theory of nullification
• The Rise of Van Buren
– The “Kitchen Cabinet”

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“Our Federal Union” (Continued)
• The Webster-Hayne Debate
– States’ rights versus national power
– Daniel Webster: “Liberty and Union, now and for ever,
one and inseparable!”

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“Our Federal Union” (Continued, 2)
• The Nullification Crisis
– Force bill proposed
– Clay’s compromise

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The Removal of the Indians
• White Attitudes toward the Tribes
– The Black Hawk War
• The “Five Civilized Tribes”
– Cherokee legal resistance

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The Removal of the Indians (Continued)
• Trail of Tears
– Removal
– Seminole wars
• The Meaning of Removal
– Alternatives to removal

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The Expulsion of the Tribes, 1830–1835
Well before he became president, Andrew Jackson was famous for his military exploits against
the tribes. Once in the White House, he ensured that few Indians would remain in the southern
states of the nation, now that white settlement was increasing there.

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Jackson and the Bank War
• Biddle’s Institution
– Nicholas Biddle
– “Soft money” versus “hard money”
– Bank War

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Jackson and the Bank War (Continued)
• The “Monster” Destroyed
– Government deposits removed
– Jackson’s political victory
• The Taney Court
– Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge

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The Changing Face of
American Politics
• Democrats and Whigs
– Jacksonian Democrats
– Whiggery
– Anti-Masonry
– Religious and ethnic divisions
– The American System
– Van Buren elected

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Politics after Jackson
• Van Buren and the Panic of 1837
– Boom
– Specie circular
– Bust
– “Independent treasury” system

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Politics after Jackson (Continued)
• The Log Cabin Campaign
– William Henry Harrison
– Mass voter appeal

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Politics after Jackson (Continued, 2)
• The Frustration of the Whigs
– President John Tyler
– Changes to Democratic Party
• Whig Diplomacy
– Caroline affair and Aroostook War
– Webster-Ashburton Treaty
– Trade with China

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Consider the Source
• Alexis de Tocqueville,
Concerning the People’s Choices and the Instinctive
Preferences of American Democracy

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Debating the Past
• Jacksonian Democracy

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Patterns of Popular Culture
• The Penny Press

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The Unfinished Nation, 8th Edition
Next: Chapter 10
America’s Economic Revolution