Reflection On Religion

Reflection On Religion
Welcome back to the second in depth look to Nicholas Holt's religious life, and I think it is a bit
more advanced and more theological. First, I would like to thank you for such an awesome semester
it has been and how you have truly pushed me in ways that I never really thought about. Quite often,
I would leave your class and deep thought and just confused because I was tested. Now, let's get
back to more about my life and how it has stayed similar, but also changed in ways. First, I think
that I have stayed, in a lot of ways, very similar to what I was with the basic beliefs in my life. I still
believe in God, I still believe that he sent his son to die for my sins and that after he died, he sent the
Holy Spirit to guide us in our life ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
By saying all the truths and rules in the Catholic Church are wrong, you would be calling the Lord
Christ wrong, which is blasphemy. It truly confuses me because I still do not think that the only
people that go to Heaven are people who are a part of the Catholic tradition and Church, but it says
that God wants one Church, and we are so split up in our world today. There are so many different
kinds of Churches in our world, and I know that is not what God wants. I still believe that the main
thing that people need to believe in is God, and what he did when he sent down Jesus Christ, but
after learning so much more about the history of the Church, it breaks my heart when I know that
there are so many different kinds of Churches in our world and how at one point, we had one and
only Church, just like how God wanted it. The next point I want to talk about is apostolic
succession. Before this class, I simply ignored this as being significant, and it was mainly because I
ignored what it was really all about. I went to a Catholic high school my whole life and I learned so
much about the Catholic religion through all of my religion classes that I took at that school, but
apostolic succession always seemed to foreign to me and people often skipped over the importance
of this in my classes. I had no idea the gravity it has in the Catholic religion and how truly amazing
it is. When
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How Did Pope Pius IX Receive Modernism?
Pope Pius IX was called liberal and conservative; because of these characteristics, Pope Pius IX had
no problem introducing and promoting the idea of Modernism in the church. There were many
different ways that Pope Pius IX reaffirmed Modernism in the church, but there were three main big
reasons that stood out the most. Pope Pius IX reaffirmed the Church in the modern world by the
writing of major encyclicals, changing the thoughts and demographics of the Catholic Church, and
calling and participating in the Council of Vatican I.
Pope Pius IX firmly believed in bringing Modernism into the Catholic Church. Through his many
different writings we are able to see this. "Among other things he defined the Immaculate
Conception of Mary as born without original sin (1845); condemned the ideologies of liberalism,
naturalism, nationalism, socialism, and communism (1864) and encouraged it to proclaim papal
infallibility (18 July 1870), fostering the structure of the modern, infallible papacy." (Coppa, 1794).
Pope Pius IX also challenged the waging war of secular philosophies of the modern world by
championing ultramontanism, which exalted the papacy by increasing the centralization of authority
in Rome. (Coppa, 1795) This brings and sets the leadership of the Catholic Church directly to
Rome.
In one of Pope Pius ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Swacker/Deimling, 122) Pope Pius IX said he felt called to travel to poorer countries and bring
Catholicism to them. As a young priest he traveled to South America and stayed for long periods of
time in different places such as Argentina and places surrounding it. (Swacker/Deimling, 122) Pope
Pius IX was seen as "the envoy sent by God to conclude the great business of the 19th century, the
alliance of religion and liberty." (Aubert,

Essay on The Anglican Communion Church
Anglicanism is a denomination within Christianity comprising the Church of England and churches
which are historically tied to it or have similar beliefs, worship practices and church structures.
Anglicans base their faith on the Bible, traditions of the apostolic the concept of apostolic
succession, and writings of the Church Fathers. Anglicanism forms one of the branches of Western
Christianity, having fully declared its independence from the Holy See at the time of the Elizabethan
Religious Settlement. (Sentamu, 2012) The Anglican Church of Southern Africa is the province of
the Anglican Communion in the southern part of Africa. This diocese is made up of both "low" and
"high" churches. The former referring to parishes that do not ... Show more content on
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In modern times, the emergence of Anglo–Catholic traditions have widely been attributed to the
general emphasis of formal worship and resistance to "modernisation". Father Dane Elsworth, an
Anglican priest in Durban, stated in an interview that the Anglican church has largely been effected
by "liberal minded people", which he asserts has lead to many losses in terms of liturgical practice.
The modern day Anglo–Catholic movement can be traced back to the Oxford Movement of the
Victorian era. One of the main objectives of the Oxford Movement was the assertion that the Church
of England was a "divinely–founded" institution, which adheres to the Apostolic Succession and of
the Book of Common Prayer acting as its "rule of faith". The prime idea was that Anglicanism was
not at all a Protestant denomination, but rather an off–shoot of the Catholic Church, together with
the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox churches. It was argued by the

Anglican Churches
Newly ordained Anglican priests are given a bible to show that all their authority is rooted in
scripture, while priests that are ordained in the Roman Catholic church are given a chalice and a
patten to symbolize their receiving power to consecrate the Last Supper. The Anglican polity
preserves the ordained orders of bishops, presbyters–priests, and deacons that go back to apostolic
times. Although there is no official doctrine of having a priest, some Anglicans consider it essential;
some feel it is needed for the proper ordering or fullness of a truly catholic church (Encyclopedia of
Religion).
All Anglican churches are constitutionally governed. Each church has their own canons for
executive and legislative authorities (Encyclopedia of Religion). From the outside, we can see the
ways the Anglican approach to scripture is similar to the Catholic approach and also various
Protestant views, but it follows neither approach neatly. The Bible holds a place of supreme
authority and formation of beliefs in the Anglican community. Jesus Christ is one of the sure
revelations of God and holy scripture is one sure record that revelation itself is both inspired and
revealed by God. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Located on every continent, Anglicans speak many languages and come from different races and
cultures. Although the churches are self–governed, they are also uniquely unified through their
history, their theology, their worship and their relationship to the ancient See of Canterbury.
Anglicans uphold the Catholic and Apostolic faith. Following the teachings of Jesus Christ, the
Churches are committed to the proclamation of the good news of the Gospel to the whole creation.
In practice, this is based on the revelation contained in Holy Scripture and the Catholic creeds and is
interpreted in light of Christian tradition, scholarship, reason, and

Comparison Of East-West Schism And The Byzantine Empire
The Schism of 1054 (also known as the Great Schism, the East–West Schism and the 1000 Year
Schism) was a defining moment in Christianity's two thousand year history, dividing
"Chalcedonian" Christianity into two separate Church bodies of which would become Western
(Roman) Catholicism and Eastern Orthodoxy.
Though there is a broad historical, theological and religious consensus that the official break of
communion is dated to the year 1054 C.E., when Pope Leo IX and Patriarch Michael I
excommunicated each other, this was not the sole cause of the schism that would divide these
denominations for some two centuries, but rather, to use the cliché, the 'straw that broke the camel's
back'.
ORIGINS
Since the foundation of Christendom, the Church ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
THE GREAT SCHISM
The Great Schism split the previously united Christian Faith along doctrinal, theological, linguistic,
political, and geographic lines, each claiming to be "the One Holy Catholic (universal) and
Apostolic Church."
One of the main contributing factors to the division has its roots in the non–canonical insertion of
the filioque clause into the Nicene Creed by the Roman Church. The inclusion of the Filioque (Latin
for "and [from] the Son") was, and still is not accepted by the Eastern Churches, due to its
consideration as a direct violation of the Council of Ephesus.
Other disputes included:
⇨ the jurisdiction of the Western or Eastern Church in the Balkan States.
⇨ Disputes in regards to Papal Authority, primarily over the four remaining patriarchs and the
extent of his authority.
⇨ Differing liturgical practices, which were condemned by the opposing Churches, such as the use
of unleavened bread for the Eucharist in the West and the Eastern practice of intinction (dipping) of
the bread in the wine for Communion.
⇨ Differing views over date on which Easter should be celebrated in the

Martin Luther : A World Of Science And Humanism
Martin Luther was born into a world of science and humanism; therefore, less theology. He studied
liberal arts and law, per his strict father's wishes. However, one day a fierce thunderstorm struck
Luther. He called out to St. Anne, and promised he would become a monk if St. Anne would help
save him. Well, he survived the storm, and studied theology at Wittenberg University. After
throwing himself into the faith, he began to feel that the church was corrupt and diffusive. At this
point in history, the church was beginning to kind of fall apart. It is often misunderstood that
something must have been incredibly special about Luther to make so many changes happen. But, as
Gonzalez said, "one thing is clear: the much–needed reformation took place, not because Luther
decided that it would be so, but rather because the time was ripe for it"(Vol. 2, pg. 21). At this time,
people were learning they could express their disagreements with the church officials, which was
causing diffusiveness within the church. But at the same time, this made the many outsider groups
that had been around for a while to join together, causing some cohesiveness there. It is hard to find
a situation that is either solely diffusive or solely cohesive. Usually, one comes with a form of the
other alongside.
Luther wrote the Ninety–five Theses, and nailed it to the church door. This makes it sound like it
was a huge slap in the church's face, but it honestly was not as big a deal as it sounds, because

Catholic Religion Renaissance
The Effect of the Christian Catholic Religion during the Italian Renaissance on the World. The
renaissance was a time period in ancient Italy that lasted from the late 1500's to the early 1600's.
This period was a boom in the art and culture of the region, which started in the city of Florence in
the magnificent territory of Italy. Most of the knowledge gained through this very cultural
experience came through the Iliad and the Odyssey, which were both written by the well–renowned
Greek blind poet Homer. This was also the time period where the Catholic Church lost a lot of its
prominence and power. The Catholic Church which was started in 4BC by Jesus Christ was banned
from Europe until the early 4th century, because the Roman leaders disliked that it took people away
from worshipping their own gods. The ban was lifted in 377BC by the Roman Empire, which was
elevated to the status of the official religion of the empire in 394BC. When the Roman Empire spilt
predominantly into east and west, the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Ignatius along with his six students whose plan was approved by the Pope took an oath to covert
Muslims. There backup plan for if they couldn't succeed was to perform apostolic work until it was
safe to travel again. It turns out that they needed this backup plan because, during the Turkish wars
they couldn't travel, so they took vows of Chasity and poverty to start their apostolic work. In
September of 1540, Pope Paul III approved the blueprint for the society of Jesuit. While we are on
the topic of reformation, it's time to bring in the Humanists. The Humanists was a group of Christian
people that wanted to reform the church in 1517 without too much disruption. Two very important
Humanist were Xavier and Ricci who both went to Asia to try to convert people to the

Roman Catholic Church Vs Mexican Religion
Central to this family–centered culture was the Roman Catholic Church, a trademark of these
peoples' Spanish heritage. Alas, though these immigrant pioneers were brothers and sisters of the
one true apostolic church in a predominantly Protestant Texas, they were still just Mexicans in the
eyes of the Anglo St. Mary's Catholic parish. Duron still has trouble understanding the
discrimination at the pews as she remembers that whenever she went to mass "they let the Mexican
people on one side and the white people on the other side", segregating the congregation right down
the middle. The Chavez siblings actually recalled that the priest of St. Mary's would occasionally
give the Mexicans mass in a basement "hidden in the bottom" of the church whenever all the Anglos
had left. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Mary's parish "fought [us Mexicans] every time they could" and "[made] us look bad" whenever
they attempted to increase civic

Research
The Church as Sacrament
The Church, Sacrament of Salvation
 Church is the visible sign of the invisible reality of God's salvation.
 Sacrament is the visible sign of an invisible reality.
 "Mystery" (invisible); "Sacrament" (visible)
 The Greek word "mysterion" is translated into Latin by two terms: "mysterium" and
"sacramentum".
 "Sacramentum" outlines better the church as the visible sign; "Mysterium" outlines better the
occult reality of salvation.
 Christ is himself the "mystery" of salvation.
 Christ instituted his Church as the universal sacrament of salvation.
The Church is an Invisible and Visible Communion
 The Church is at the same time both invisible and visible.
 As an invisible reality, the Church is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
 Marriage – symbolizes the union of Christ and Church which is the fruit of Eucharist.
 Eucharist – new members are added to the Church through this sacrament.
Necessity of the Church for Salvation
 Just as Christ is the one and only mediator between God and men, so also is the Church the one
and universal means – sacrament–of salvation.
 Church is necessary for salvation.
 We cannot forget the church is not merely a way of salvation; it is the only way. This is not a
human opinion, but the express will of Christ.
 "He who believes and is baptized will be saved; but he who does not believe will be condemned."
 Membership in the Church necessarily requires Baptism, belief in and profession of Christ's
teaching, reception of the same sacraments, and recognition of the Pope and the other legitimate of
the Church.
The Church's Universal Mediation
 Since the Church is the universal sacrament of salvation in the world, all graces come through it
and all graces are directed towards it.
Degrees of Membership

 Each one is admitted into the Church through faith and Baptism.
 The faithful enjoy full membership, but there are some who without being united to the Church,
are somehow related to her, with different degrees of closeness. We can distinguish:
1. The Faithful
2. The Non – Catholic Christians
3. The Non – Christians
Degrees of Membership (Notes)
1. Catechumens (Aspirants)
2. Full Members
a. State of grace

Papal Infallibility: Should The Pope's Word Be Considered...
Papal infallibility is a controversial topic amongst Catholics and Christian communities. The big
debate that still has theologians talking began hundreds of years ago when the Vatican I council
discussed the primacy and infallibility of the bishop of Rome. The questions raised were, if the pope
should have ex cathedra authority? Should the pope's word be considered infallible? I will be
providing information that supports the declaration made by the Vatican I council back in 1869. To
address these questions, the pope is a successor of Peter whom held petrine primacy as the chosen
one by Jesus Christ, because of this reason the pope speaks with the assistance of Jesus Christ and
the Holy Spirit making his unique ministry and teaching infallible. ... Show more content on
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In order to answer this question we must distinguish between the pope's opinion, his teaching, and
what exactly Vatican I council means when they state the pope as being infallible. Papal infallibility
means that the pope is without error when he is teaching about faith or morals. However, the only
person that is without error is God. How is it that the pope is infallible? The pope like any other
human being makes errors. We must understand that the pope exercises ex cathedra under the
assistance of the Holy Spirit and Christ, which makes his teaching infallible. According, to NCE
"The Council did not state "the pope is infallibility," rather that the pope "exercises" infallibility."
These are two different meanings that hold two completely different perspectives. On the other
hand, the council is recognizing that the pope can make mistakes in his opinion, but not in his
teaching since the Holy Spirit assists him. Infallibility as affirmed, "is not intended to add anything
to the authority of the Gospel, but rather to let that authority be recognized without ambiguity." As
mentioned the pope is not allowed to produce new revelation this authority only belonged to Jesus
Christ, the Apostles, and his prophets who followed him through his journey. Therefore, infallibility
includes revealed truth and revealed truth that is not formally contained in faith or moral, but that is
necessary for the keeping or the expanding of the deposit of faith. The pope doesn't always speak in
an extraordinary manner using his authority of ex cathedra. He also speaks in an ordinary manner,
considered more like an every day–to–day speaking. During, his ordinary acts he does not always
speak in a "charism of infallibility." For some reason people expect him to always speak in an
infallible manner, which causes people to question the very little times that pope's in the past have
been found to be wrong in their ordinary speeches. The

Catholic Church Reformation Essay
To understand the history of the Protestant Church and the Reformation, it is first important to
understand that one of the positions that claims the Catholic Church is apostolic succession. This
simply means that they claim to be the sole authority over all other churches and denominations
because they support the entire line of Roman Catholic Popes back to back centuries, to the apostle
Peter. From their point of view, it gives the Catholic Church a unique authority which puts it above
all other denominations or church. According to the Catholic Encyclopedia, this apostolic succession
is only found "in the Catholic Church" and no "other church can not validly claim it."
It is because of this apostolic succession that the Roman Catholic Church claims to have the sole
authority to interpret Scripture and to establish doctrine, and also supports having a supreme leader,
the Pope, who is infallible (without error) when he speaks "ex cathedra" – that is to say in the
exercise of his ministry as pastor and teacher of all Christians. Thus, from the perspective of Roman
Catholic teaching or traditions of the Roman Catholic Church, since they come from the Pope, are
endowed with infallibility and an authority equal to that of the Scriptures them– same. This is one of
the major differences between Roman Catholics and Protestants, and one of the fundamental reasons
for the Protestant Reformation.
Of course, the Roman Catholics are not the only ones to try to claim unique authority

Roman Catholics Research Paper
The religion of catholics. The Roman catholic church is the largest religious denomination of
christianity with over one billion members. Its claims that it is both organizationally and doctrinally
and the original christ and church that was founded by Jesus Christ. The Roman Catholicism
represents the continuation of the historical organized church as it developed in western Europe, and
is headed by the pope. Which the pope is the bishop of roman Catholic Church. Distinctive beliefs
of Catholics include the the doctrines of transubstantiation and Purgatory and distinctive practices
include veneration of saints and use of the rosary. Which the rosary is a form of devotion in which
five or fifteen decades of Hail Mary's are repeated, each decade preceded by an Our Father and
followed by a Glory Be. For the first one thousand five hundred years of Christianity there was no
Catholicism as it is known as it is today, simply because there were no other forms of christianity to
distinguish it. There was only the one Holy Catholic Church. Catholic means universal, which was
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Catholics do not believe in that it is the power of the church to add truths contained in the "deposit
of faith" . Catholics also do not believe in that it is not allowable to break a lawful oath or to tell a
lie or do any other wicked thing whatever for the sake of promoting the supposed interest of the
church of for any good however great likely to arise from it. Catholics believe one God believe that
this only God is absolutely one in His infinitely holy essence as also in all His perfections, in His
omnipotence, His infinite knowledge, His providence, His will and His love. They believe in are
lord Jesus Christ who is the son of our

Martin Luther's 95 Theses Analysis
Martin Luther wrote his 95 theses at a time when Europe was changing, over the years it had
garnered a greater sense of nationalism in part brought on by the failings of the church. It is these
failings that Luther wrote about and ultimately helped lead to the success of the Reformation (Kagen
322). Some of the key issues that Luther raised were the indulgences and general corruption of the
church (Adolph Spaeth). The indulgences were created as a way for the Catholic church to generate
revenue and they functioned as a get out of jail (purgatory) free card. Catholics believe that the soul
goes to purgatory to be cleansed of their sins before moving on to heaven (Hollingsworth 11).
Indulgences could be purchased from the church to either absolve the living or the dead from their
sins without an act of repentance. The usual acts of repentance included prayer, fasting, almsgiving,
and retreats and were meant to absolve the person of their sins (Hampson 89). Luther believed that
an important part of being a Christian was to do charitable service over a lifetime, the ability for a
person to buy their way into heaven greatly ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The indulgences were created in 1343 as a way for the church to raise money. They cited that the
church had a pool of good deed points that could essentially be doled out for a fee. In 1517 Pop Leo
X created the jubilee Indulgence to finance the rebuilding of St. Peters Basilica in Rome. This
Indulgence absolved the sinner of all outstanding sins that had been perpetrated allowing them to
skip purgatory (Kagen 324). Luther felt that the church was undermining the very foundation of
Christianity as a way to make money (Hampson 89). Luther says, ""Why does not the pope, whose
wealth is to–day greater than the riches of the richest, build just this one church of St. Peter with his
own money, rather than with the money of poor believers?" (Adolph

The Council Of Jerusalem
The council of Jerusalem was a Christian Apostolic Age council that was held in Jerusalem and
dated to around the year 50 AD. It is considered to be one of the more important and special council
among the ancient "pre–ecumenical councils" in that it is considered by Catholics and Orthodox to
be a blueprint or a stencil of the later Ecumenical Councils and a key part of Christian ethics. The
council decided that Gentile converts to Christianity were not obligated to keep most of the Law of
Moses including the rules concerning circumcision of males. The Council did, however, retain the
prohibitions on eating blood, meat containing blood, and meat of animals not properly slain, and on
fornication and idolatry, sometimes referred to as the Apostolic Decree or Jerusalem Quadrilateral.
This is a major stepping stone in the church because people are forever going to use this as a
blueprint/prototype for the councils that still have to come. ... Show more content on
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He is generally considered one of the most important figures of the Apostolic Age. In the mid–30s to
the mid–50s, he found many of the churches in Asia Minor and Europe that are still standing today.
Paul used his status as both a Jew and a Roman citizen to advantage because the roman citizens
were highly protected and if they were harmed then it is considered a huge act of crime. So in his
ministry he directed to both Jewish and Roman audiences because he is the same as his audience
and he is also an inspiration to people who believe in god. According to writings in the New
Testament Paul, who was known as Saul early on, was dedicated to the persecution of the early
disciples of Jesus in the area of

Evangelical Protestantism Vs. Catholicism
Amanda Powell
World Religions
Larry Poston
11/20/14
Evangelical Protestantism versus Catholicism
Protestants and Catholics are constantly being compared and weighed against one another in order
to declare whose faith is best or true. Though there are many similarities between each faith as they
are both Christian denominations, their differences cause much friction between the two groups.
Some of the foundational Catholic beliefs revolve around the ideals that Jesus Christ is the Son of
God, that the Bible is the inspired, error free, revealed Word of God, and the existence of the Holy
Trinity, which is one God in three persons. In the Evangelical Church, there is only one God, the
creator and ruler of all things. Although the nature of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The first big difference between the two is what they acknowledge as Holy scripture. Catholics not
only use the Old and New Testament scripture but also use the Apocrypha and the catholic
interpretation of the bible. Evangelicals believe that they are justified or saved by faith alone, not by
good works. Good works are not ignored and you will be rewarded in heaven for them but that is not
what saves you in the eyes of an evangelical. Contrary to this belief Catholic hold to the ideal of
baptism being the removal of sins and in turn God grants grace to those that are baptized. The grace
given by God is then used to produce good works. Evangelicals believe and practice baptism
however unlike Catholic they only practice adult baptism. Catholics practice infant baptism, which
is an un–biblically supported custom. Purgatory is another custom evangelicals reject. Catholics
profess that there are two types of punishment, a temporary and eternal. Purgatory is pretty much a
holding place for people that have only committed certain kinds of sins. For evangelicals believe
that only God can forgive sins but Catholics claim that priests have been given authority to forgive
sins, standing in place of the Holy Spirit. Roman Catholic beliefs include the special authority of the
pope the ability of saints to intercede on behalf of believers, and the doctrine of transubstantiation
that is, that the bread used in the Eucharist

The Reformation Of Henry VIII And The Protestant Reformation
The Protestant Reformation was a 16th Century movement aimed at reorganising beliefs and
practices of the Roman Catholic Church which had fallen to unpopularity in recent years. There are
many argued causes of the reforms and it is controversial to suggest that any one had significance
over the others. To fully explore the causes of the reformations in England it is necessary to consider
the position of Henry VIII, legitimate dissatisfaction many English people held with the Roman
Catholic church, and other social factors.
Henry VIII largely influenced the reformations in England. One of the Kings main reasons for
pushing for a Protestant England came from the fact that he wished to separate from his first wife,
Catherine of Aragon. Henry ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Henry VIII had many reasons to lead England towards reform, including more power amongst the
fellow leaders of his country, and economic, social, and political reasoning's.
Many English people had legitimate dissatisfactions with the way the Roman Catholic Church was
being run in the 16th Century. To maximise the income of the church, priests popularised the selling
of indulgences. The church preyed on the vulnerable, exploiting them for money in exchange for the
belief that their relatives would not be existing in purgatory. There were three main areas used to
exploit money from Catholic followers – relics, indulgences, and pilgrimages. Small groups of
reformers addressed the issues with these unnecessary sales and brought awareness to parishes
which led to distrust of the churches. As a religion, Roman Catholicism appoints a lot of power to
the Pope which many people in England sought issue with –partially because the Pope had little to
no idea what was happening in their country (unlike the King, who would become the head of the
Church of England), and partly because of apostolic succession which suggested that power and
authority should be passed on to their successors. This was a problem for many people as no
religious scriptures stated that apostolic succession should be enforced. The 16th Century saw many
religious people coming to the realisation that the Roman Catholic Church was not leading

Personal Narrative: My Visit To Catholic Bishop Chicago
My mother and I visited a Catholic church called Catholic Bishop Chicago in Park Forest Il . Inside
the church are beautiful stained glass windows. Catholic hierarchy is headed by the Bishop of
Rome, known as the Pope. The Catholic Church teaches that it is the one true Church founded by
Jesus Christ, that its bishops are the successors of Christ's apostles and that the Pope is the sole
successor to Saint Peter who has apostolic primacy. The Catholic Church consists of more than just
the Roman Catholic Church. There are 22 Eastern Rites that are in full communion with Rome and
although they go by different names ( Stephen Reji,( Oct,2015).The main window was a depiction
Jesus on the cross. Other smaller windows show many of the Apostles and

American Connector Company Case Essay
American Connector Company Case
Severity of Threat by DJC
The American Connector Company (ACC) should be extremely concerned with the im–pending
entrance of DJC to the US landscape. Any new entrant will most likely be of the mentality to try and
take as much market share as quickly as possible. This course of action usually involves a period of
time when the new company will plan on operating at a loss, and will thereby be will–ing to price
below market average with small margins. Realization of this threat would immedi–ately disrupt
ACC's pricing strategy and could affect long term profitability.
The threat of lower prices is compounded by the intensity of the current competitive mar–ket. ACC
should be concerned with any new ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The ACC employed a strategy that emphasized an increased variety of products and flexibility in
production, while DJC emphasized a strategy of cost reduction and utilized a number of tactics to
decrease their costs overall. Among the major tactics was a cultivation and maintenance of close ties
with suppliers and distributors in Japan, simplicity of design and manufacturability over innovation,
and an emphasis on being highly efficient in manufacturing. This strategy difference appears to be
the sole driver in the cost difference of the materials as the close ties with suppliers, lower costs
associated with a simpler cheaper design, and the attention to details such as the use of a 2,000 piece
packaging reel instead of a standard 1,500 piece reel minimize the cost of materials.
Furthermore, the ACC strategy of offering increased variety requires shorter production runs which
inherently increases the cost associated with each product and packaging, as idle time due to process
changeover would increase between each product production (4.8% of time com–pared with 2% for
DJC). The strategy of increased variety and production runs by the ACC would also affect labor in a
number of ways. Direct labor costs would go up due to a larger amount of idle time associated with
process changeover and the chance of increased problems associated with the

Similarities Between Protestants And Catholicism
There are many important similarities and differences between Catholics and Protestants. While
there have been some attempts over many recent years to find common ground between the two
groups, the fact is that the differences prevail the similarities. Such major differences include their
beliefs on the bible, the stance of the Pope, justification for salvation, and the afterlife. The
differences are as important today as they were at the beginning of the Protestant Reformation. The
founder of the Protestants was a priest called Martin Luther, who in 1570 nailed a document called
the 95 Theses on a Catholic Church door. The meaning for this document was to promote the sale of
indulgences and it also outlined the new belief of salvation by ... Show more content on
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While both believe that unbelievers will spend an eternity in hell, there is a significant and important
difference over what could actually happen to believers. Catholics have developed the belief of
Purgatory. Purgatory is a "place or condition of temporal punishment for those leaving their life in
God's grace, are not entirely free from venial faults, or have not fully paid the satisfaction due to
their transgressions," (Weisner, 121). Moreover, Protestants think that because a believer was
justified by faith in Christ alone and that the righteousness of Christ is passed to the believer after
death, he would go straight to heaven to be in the presence of

Pope Paul Vi And John Paul II
The third and longest chapter of the book dealt with how the documents have been received and
implemented in the church over the last forty years. What appears to be evident is there was a lot of
confusion in how and what needed to be done to implement the teachings of Vatican II. Gaillardetz
quotes John Henry Newman at the beginning of the chapter, "it is uncommon that a Council not be
followed by great confusion." Gaillardetz shows that the two major proponents for helping to
understand the council documents were Pope Paul VI and John Paul II. There are several references
to their writings as Pope that clarified misunderstandings or built upon the teachings in the
documents. A key issue that Pope Paul VI built upon was the inclusion of the laity in the sensus
fidei, in the discernment of church matters. Gaillardetz notes in the 1980s American bishops adopted
a consultative process of listening to experts before drafting pastoral letters. "The bishops took
seriously the assumption of both Vatican II and Paul VI that all God's people, and not only the
hierarchy, must engage in the central processes of ecclesial discernment." Another implementation
issue had to do with as noted in the book from Karl Rahner "Vatican II marked the beginning of the
church's discovery and official realization of itself as world–Church." This led to a theology where
the local church "not only received from the universal church but also offer to the church universal
its own particular gifts

Papal Infallibility Of The Catholic Church
The Catholic Church is One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic. The church is Apostolic for a variety of
reasons. Without this mark of the Church, there would be no church officials responsible for
continuing the works of Jesus Christ and the twelve Apostles. Being Apostolic allows the church to
pass authority to its leaders, and teachings on from generation to generation. The Catholic Church is
Apostolic, and many of its attributes are related or reflect this mark of the Church. The word
apostolic means of or relating to the apostles, or in some cases of or relating to the pope, because he
is the successor of Saint Peter. The Church is apostolic because it was founded by the apostles who
were chosen by Christ and sent on a mission by Him. Another ... Show more content on
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The Domestic church includes family, and local parish. Family is a community of love, hope, and
faith. The domestic church relates to the church being Apostolic because your parents, who are the
first source of religion, use the teachings of the Bishops to introduce you to a life of faith. Parents
pass down the knowledge that the bishops pass down, to their children in order to peak an interest in
God and Religion. It fits into the Parish and Particular church because a parish is a community and
is considered an extended family, to all people a part of it. The Apostolate is the call for all Catholics
to be Apostles. Through the Apostolate, we are called to be missionaries, evangelizing through our
actions of love rather than

Martin Luther Reformation Research Paper
Sept OTHER REFORMERS #1 Martin Luther not the only one involved in the reformation,There
was other although not a part of the Luther reformation. Some started long before the great
reformation of Martin Luther. Some were influenced by the move of Martin Luther.
http://andnowyouknowmore.blogspot.com A group called, Waldensian In late 1170, A rich merchant
by the Peter Waldo from Lyons France felt the call to preach and sold all and started preaching. In
1179, Waldo and one of his disciples went to Rome, where Pope Alexander III and the Roman Curia
welcomed them. They had to explain their faith before a panel of three clergymen. The results of the
meeting were inconclusive, and the Third Lateran Council in the same year condemned Waldo's ...
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Huss had begun to denounce various church abuses in his sermons. His disputes with authority did
not concern basic theological. In 1414 he was summoned to the Council of Constance, with the
Emperor guaranteeing his personal safety even if found guilty. He was tried, and ordered to recant
certain heretical doctrines. On June 5, 1415, John Hus was tried for the first time, and for that
purpose was transferred to the Franciscan monastery, where he spent the last weeks of his life. He
acknowledged the writings on the Church against Palecz and Stanislaus of Znaim as his own. Huss
conceded his veneration of Wycliffe, and said that he could only wish his soul might some time
attain unto that place where Wycliffe's was. He desired only a more fair trial and more time to
explain the reasons for his views. If his reasons and Bible texts did not suffice, he would be glad to
submit. This declaration was considered an unconditional surrender, and he was asked to confess:
that he had erred in the theses which he had hitherto maintained; that he renounced them for the
future; that he recanted them;

East-West Schism Vs. Eastern Orthodox Christianity
For the first one thousand years of their existence, these churches were the same institution. The
split between the Western and Eastern Christian churches into the Roman Catholic and Eastern
Orthodox churches is referred to as the Great Schism or, more definitively, the "East–West Schism",
which occurred in 1054. This occurred due to long–running cultural and theological differences,
power struggles, and lack of communication. Prominently they argued over what type bread
(leavened vs. unleavened) to use to represent the body of Christ in the Eucharist. Each side had
developed different traditions. But how different are they really? They have so much in common,
what exactly do they believe that made them diverge?
Both the Roman Catholics and the Orthodox Christians agree on which scriptures are the recognized
gospels, on the same seven sacraments/mysteries. They share similar beliefs of who Mary was and
see her as their greatest saint.
Despite the fact that both are branches of Christianity as a whole, Eastern Orthodox Christianity and
Roman Catholicism seem to have poor opinions of each other. They share many core beliefs
regarding Jesus ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As far as confessing sins, the Orthodox are similar in the regard they confess their sins in
intercession with the clergy and they will be absolved of them. The Eastern Orthodox believes that
the Virgin Mary was capable of sin, but resisted it her whole life. For if she was created without sin,
then this would mean she wasn't human. They don't accept she was born with sin, because they don't
believe in original sin, as previously stated. The Catholic Church believes she was conceived and
born without it. They reject the idea of the Immaculate Conception as well, while the Catholic
Church declared it as a dogma (principles laid down as incontrovertible

What 's Up? About The Church
Kevin Nguyen
Mr. White
Ecclesiology
2 February 2015
Paper 1
Bob (at Kevin's house): Hi Kevin.
Kevin: Hey Bob. What's up?
Bob: I'm trying to learn more about the Church and you seem to know a lot of stuff about the
Church.
Kevin: We just got out of school though. Don't you want to sit back and watch some Netflix?
Bob: I actually want to learn something about the Church.
Kevin: Why not ask our religion teacher?
Bob: I never particularly liked him and he really doesn't teach well.
Kevin: I can't argue that. Fine I guess have nothing better to do. So what do you want to know?
Bob; Is there a connection between our faith and the Church?
Kevin; Yes there is! Our relationship with God can't be separated from the Church. Wherever the
Church is God is.
Bob: Why would it be bad if someone just got rid of like the Church section or whatever in their
faith?
Kevin: Because they would start making up some their own beliefs about Jesus. Someone might
come up with their own belief that Jesus was a martian or something like that. We need the Church
because it backs us up in credibility. Anything else you want to know?
Bob; Well, what is faith?
Kevin: You asked if our faith and the Church had a connection yet you didn't know what faith was?
Well, whatever. According to Redemptoris Mater, faith is "contact with the mystery of God." Faith
actually starts as a free gift from God that is given to us. Don't forget that faith is also a human act
too though. Any other questions?
Bob: What do we

Essay about History of the Eartly Christian Church
Throughout the early centuries of the church's existence, the Roman government suppressed the
spread of Christianity. Many emperors did their absolute best to try to stop the Christian populace
from spreading with none succeeding (demonstrated by the fact that Christianity is still in existence
today). It was not until 322 A.D. when Constantine united all of Europe under his throne that
Christianity could be spread without threat of persecution. Under Constantine, Christianity, in terms
of numerically, thrived. Councils were held, doctrine developed, and great strides were taken in
order to have Christianity be one catholic church. However, in the next couple centuries, the church
would grow apart and rulers would fall resulting in mass ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
The eastern half of the empire believed that the center of the church should be located in
Constantinople with the emperor, but the western half believed that Rome should be the center of
church life. Rome believed that the church center should be located there because, according to the
bishops of Rome, Peter is claimed to have been the first bishop of Rome. Therefore, since Peter,
who was given the keys to the church by Jesus, was the first bishop of Rome, the Roman Bishop
was over the other bishops and was the head of the church at large. Under this "truth," various
bishops have risen to power with eventually taking on the title of "Pope."
The first Roman Bishop to claim direct Apostolic succession from Peter was
Damasus I. Damasus went to great lengths to attempt to convince the other churches and cities of
this so–called truth but to no avail. However, his work was not in vain. The next bishop of Rome,
Siricus, held the same stance as Damasus; however, he took the desire for authority from the other
cities farther. Siricus "claimed inherent authority without consideration of the
Scriptures." He believed that because he was Bishop of Rome, he was a direct descendant of Peter
(instead of simply having the same position as Peter), which, according to Siricus, gave him
authority over the rest of the church as Peter was supposedly given. In addition to Siricus' belief in
his authority, he also was the first bishop to give himself the title of

Martin Luther's Reform Of The Church
The new year has begun and much has changed with respect to the state of Holy Mother Church.
This is the 100th year anniversary of Our Lady's appearance at Fatima. However, what is being
emphasized in the wondrous Vatican is the celebration of the heresiarch Luther's rebellion against
the Church. The historical revisionists and modernists in the Vatican are trying their best to
transform chicken scat into chicken salad. Luther is being touted as a reformer of the Church.
Cardinal Kurt Koch stated: "Luther was pressing for a substantial reform of the Church and not a
Reformation that would lead to the disintegration of the unity of the Church. The fact that, at the
time, his idea of reform was not able to be realized is largely due to ... Show more content on
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Gradualism coupled with the false catechesis with regard to the nature and potency of conscience
has resulted in the current estimation that  80% of childbearing–aged Catholic females practice
artificial contraception (AC). The Pew Research Center's Public Opinion on Abortion paper of 2016
states that 54% of catholics say abortion is legal is all or most cases. Most do not know that they
engaged in the practice of an intrinsic evil; the practice of AC results in the murder of babies,
abortion. It can be said that some of the practitioners of AC and those who revert to direct abortion
may be subjectively ignorant and perhaps could be without sin. The ignorance of the principles of
true conscience is directly attributed to the lack of catechesis on the part of bishops, priests and
deacons who are charged with informing the flock of those things required and necessary for

Catholic Community
The Catholic Church is an ancient community that has been studied and analyzed since it's
beginnings, over two–thousand years ago. When I was fourteen, I chose independently to be apart of
this community and learn it's specific, complex structure. It took me about five years to really get a
grasp on the functions of the Catholic Church and the community it provides. Entering, I believed
the Church was simply a place people gathered to worship, but over time it proved to be much more
than that. Being a member of the Catholic community meant, not only, being literate in the language
of the Church and the sacred, fundamental texts but additionally, being literate in the specific genres
that help the Catholic community accomplish its goals. Some ... Show more content on
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Equally as important as the old, customary texts are the new, ever–changing ones. In my parish, and
in Catholic parishes through out the world, weekly bulletins are handed out giving information
about what the Catholic Church is doing in your community and how you can get involved. New
Catholic literature is being published every day, ranging anywhere from an a deeper understanding
of the Church to advice on how to live a life in accordance with the Church. There are an endless
amount of message boards and forums, Facebook groups, text message groups, the list continues.
The importance of writing and rhetoric within the Catholic community is immense. If new literature
was never being written, the Catholic community would cease to evolve and the mission of the
Church could not be achieved. The writings of all members, ordained or lay, are essential to the
Catholic community. These two categories of texts within the Catholic community, the "old" and the
"new", are not entirely separate, though. Texts formed today by ordained ministers of the Church,
teachers in the community, and lay people are branches off of the initial texts that form the
foundation of the Church. Recently published books, journals or blogs by Catholic authors regularly
reference sacred, fundamental texts of the community. Michael Rennier is a Catholic blogger who
posts his writings on a Catholic

The Great Schism: Change In Europe During 14th Century Europe
Finally, the last concept that is crucial to the change in Europe during 14th century Europe is the
Great Schism. The Great Schism represented a division between the church due to 3 individuals
each claiming papacy and accusing the others of heresy. There were significant reforms that
occurred in the church due to this event. Initially, to solve the of having multiple popes an
agreement was made at the Council of Constance to practice conciliarism. However, this concept
was ultimately undermined by Pope Martin. The major result of the Great Schism was the growth of
national churches. Before the Great Schism, the pope had more power over the rulers and their
domains. However, after the Great Schism, Popes were forced to surrender their power

Protestant Reformation AKA
The Reformation AKA The Protestant Reformation started and led by Martin Luther, cause a big
division in the Roman Catholic Church, it led to the creation of many branches of the Christian
belief. Some of the many, many branches of Christianity are the Beachy Amish–Mennonites, and
Anabaptist–Mennonite. Despite the increase of branches of Christianity, the Roman Catholic Church
still exists and is still one of the major sects of Christianity.
The Roman Catholic Church has a long history compared to most of the branches of Christianity.
Before the Protestant Reformation, the Catholic Church was the main church, besides the Eastern
Orthodox in the east. Being very powerful at the time, the Roman Catholic church was very corrupt,
one of its main practices and one of the major reasons for the Reformation was Indulgences, where
one would pay for the removal of one's sins. Martin Luther opposed this and many other corrupt
practices of the church. To counter the Protestant Reformation and to gain back their credibility the
Catholic church also had its own Reformation, know as "Counter–Reformation", where they cleaned
up their act, by reconfiguring its structure, educating and training their priests better, and
establishing new and better religious orders and getting rid of Indulgences.
The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Anabaptist–Mennonite and Beachy Amish–Mennonite are rather small compared to the Roman
Catholic Church, and despite both believing that Jesus is the son of God, they start to differ from
there. Like what the women should wear, how the bible should be followed/read, and what other
scriptures to follow. The Protestant Reformation caused a huge ripple in Christianity and its
practices and beliefs, it is truly one of the most impactful things that occurred to the Christian
church since the birth of

Catholic Church Views Of Ordaining Women Essay
CATHOLIC CHURCH VIEWS OF ORDAINING WOMEN
Sexism in the Catholic Church
Abstract
The purpose of this brief is to provide you with an overview of how the Catholic Church view
women being ordained in the church. The views are based on the traditional and doctrinal references
that the Catholic religion is based on. The views are from various resources such as the Roman
Catholic Church in the Vatican, Pope John Paul II, and the newly elected Pope Benedict XVI. The
views described in this brief are based on the traditions of old and their refusal to change the
traditions to fit for the twentieth century.
SEXISM IN THE CATHOLIC CHURCH Sexism in the Catholic Church can be described in
various ways. Sexism in the Catholic Church can ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The hatred and slander of women continued over this period of time. Women were considered to be
unclean, created by defect, only to service men, witches, and whores. They were not allowed in the
sanctuaries because they were considered unclean especially during there monthly cycle. Even today
women receive less pay for jobs that are not suited for their skills, they are not always the first
choice in any areas of political or social positions. The bases of keeping women out of the ministry
in most religions are more or less tradition. A Bible scripture such as (Mat. 10:2) as Jesus was
searching for His disciples he only chose men. Even when he had to replace them, He only chose
men. In most of the passages in the bible, Jesus never chose a woman nor did He address the public
by speaking to the woman specifically. Some would believe that Jesus was a sexist, but during the
times it was only tradition for a man to be the head of everything and the role of a woman during the
biblical times were to listen to the man, nurture her family and husband. During the biblical times
when Jesus walked this earth, Christianity was a very warous event. People were not accepting of
the Christ therefore it leads to wars and battles. (Mat. 24: 6). During those days women did not do
battle. As of today the tradition still holds and it plays a significant part in our everyday lives as well
as our religious worship. We

Lex Orandi
Continuity and Development in Roman Catholic Ecclesiology
Summary
After the Reformation, the Roman Catholic Church showed herself as a "perfect society", which is
visible by the profession of faith while Protestant is not. Subsequently, retrieving the biblical and
patristic evidence, Pius XII's encyclical letter introduced the image of "mystical body of Christ" for
the Church. Overcoming the impersonality the image of "perfect society" has, this idea was still
criticized for the exclusiveness and also a lack of historical Christ. After that, the Church began to
consider the Eucharistic ecclesiology. Supported by the theology in the RCIA, which elucidates the
significance and the Baptism and the Eucharist, the ecclesiology regained its dynamism. ... Show
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As the proverb "lex orandi, lex credendi" goes, especially supporting her arguments by liturgical
resources is effective. At the expense of that, however, there are fewer arguments from biblical
resources. For example, the reader may not be able to understand where this image comes from
when she discusses the church as people of God (p.161), although this image apparently stems from
the biblical tradition. The second weakness in her argument is that she does not explain the historical
background, though she admits the fact that "the mystery of the church is present and manifested in
a concrete society," (P. 168) where people were at the mercy of influential ideologies, such as
modernism, atheism and communism. Finally, explanation on infallibility, in my opinion, can be
omitted for the following three reason. Firstly, it is not convincing to the faithful other than Roman
Catholic Church because of less biblical evidence. Secondly, Vatican I was discontinued and not a
few opponents left the council before its closure in order to avoid voting. Finally, the historical
constraint should be considered. Therefore, there is no point in introducing the theological theory
before the last

Bible And The Lord's Prayer
I got very annoyed and was very disturbed when Moore discussed the ordination of women in the
Catholic Church; as well as the discussion about changing the words of the Bible and the Lord's
Prayer. First, Moore discusses feminist liberal movements changing the wording of the Bible:
"Proffered gender–neutral language, substituting 'brothers and sisters' for 'brothers,' interpreting the
pronoun 'He' as the proper noun 'God,' and using 'Our Parent' instead of 'Our Father' in the Lord's
Prayer (Moore 143). The Lord's Prayer was given to us by Christ in the Gospel of Matthew and the
Gospel of Luke. To turn around and decide you don't like the wording so you're going to change it is
very disturbing to me. The prevalence of the idea of gender–neutral

Catholicism Vs Protestantism
Catholicism vs. Protestantism is the two largest religions in the world. Both are put together on
belief that Jesus was born of the Virgin Mary. That he died on the cross, arose and ascendended into
heaven on the third day. That is where they get the father son and Holy Ghost. Both Catholicism and
Protestantism have some of the same bases but are very different. First one of the main differences
is the afterlife. After life, meaning who is going to heaven. Protestants believe that you believe in
Jesus and you will have eternal life. Catholics believe that you have to believe and also act
according to the word of god to receive eternal life. Secondly another difference is the structure of
the churches. Catholicism is made up of one holy catholic

Vatican Government
Government
Paragraph 1
Vatican can is an absolute ecclesiastical elective monarchy where the sitting pope (Bishop of Rome)
has ex officio powers on the executive, legislative and judicial arms of the government. The pope
exercises these powers through state organs acting on his name and authority. This form is elective
monarchy because it the pope is elected and a pope can ascend to the seat. The election of the pope
by cardinals is democratic because he must garner the support of a two–thirds majority.
Paragraph 2
The current head of the Vatican City is His Holiness Pope Francis; real name is Jorge Mario
Bergoglio. Pope Francis, born in 1936 in Argentina is the 266th pope and he took over from Pope
Benedict XVI on March 13, 2013. Previously, Bergoglio worked as a chemical technologist and ...
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Cardinals meet the soonest possible after the vacancy and must remain in seclusion until they elect a
new pope. This voting takes place within a conclave in Sistine Chapel. Candidates must be members
of the church, baptized in the church and be in a position to be ordained as Bishops since the Pope is
the Bishop of Rome. For absent cardinal (Mostly because of illness), three cardinals collect their
votes. Three other cardinals count the votes and another three verifies. Cardinals write the name of
their preferred candidates and swear that his choice is best in the eyes of God. A slight irregularity
leads to cancellation of the votes. On success, the votes are burnt and produce a white smoke
significantly announcing to the public that there is a new pope, followed by church bells.
Immediately, the Dean asks the elected Pope if he accepts If the answer is "Accepto", his reign
begins immediately but if it is "not" his reign begins during inauguration seven days later. The
elected pope chooses his regnal name

The Vatican And The Eastern Orthodox Church 's Impact On...
Aguilar 1
Jason Aguilar
Gary Tyra
MILD 305 Church History
14 June 2016
Aggiornamento: the Vatican II and the Eastern Orthodox Church's Impact on the Modern
Church
There are very few things in this world that are for sure. However, one of those things that can be
counted on is, change. Change is inevitable. Change is unstoppable.
Change does not ask for permission. People change, seasons change, times change, styles, change,
and even the church changes. Aggiornamento, which means, "bringing up to date," was one of the
key words used by bishops, clergy, and media attending the sessions of the Second Vatican Council.
This term was intended to signify "in the spirit of change" and "to have an open–mindedness." Pope
John XXIII's pontifical ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
First, the Roman Catholic Church sees itself as the one and only true
Aguilar 2 legitimate heir to New Testament Christianity. In addition, they consider the pope as the
successor to Peter, the first bishop of Rome. Although one can debate those details, one thing is for
sure, the history of the Roman church extends back to ancient times. Shortly after apostolic times,
there was a vibrant Christian community that existed in Rome.
Those early Roman Christians were just like the Christians in other parts of the world, fully devoted
followers of Jesus Christ. Second, the Eastern Orthodox Church is not a single church but rather a
family of 13 self–governing bodies. They are controlled and influenced by the nation in which they
are located (e.g., the Greek Orthodox Church,
Russian Orthodox Church). The sacraments, doctrine, liturgy, and church government, unite them,
but each church deals with its own affairs on its own merits. The head of each
Orthodox Church is called a "patriarch." The patriarch of Constantinople (Istanbul,
Turkey) is considered the ecumenical or universal patriarch. He would be considered the closest
thing to a mirror of the Roman Catholic Pope. However, unlike the Pope, he enjoys special honor,
but has no real power to interfere with the 12 other Orthodox communities. Like the Catholic
Church, the Orthodox Church claims to be the one true church of Christ and traces its origins back
to the original twelve apostles through

Significant Differences Between The Protestant Church And...
The Protestant Church originated in Rome during the Protestant Reformation. The In the 16th–
century religious, political, intellectual and cultural out break through the Protestant Reformation
went against Catholic Europe. It helped settle different type of belief. The Protestant Church was
established because people believed that the Catholic Church had errors. The Catholic Church also
originated in Rome. The Catholic Church has an authoritative leadership. The pope is the most
powerful person in this church. Lower than the pope there are bishops and priests. There are two
significant differences between the 16th century Protestant religious doctrines and the doctrines of
the Catholic Church. The two significant differences are their justification and authority. ... Show
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(Rosario) Protestant good works and belief gets you justified in God's eyes. Martin Luther started
the movement of justification by peace. Since Martin Luther never could find serenity, he became
over–whelmed with his sense of guilt. Despite all the good he has done he didn't feel sanctified.
Catholic you get justified by grace alone through faith". (GotQuestions) The Catholic Church views
"justification as a process, dependent on the grace you receive by participating in the Church".
(Rosario) In Catholicism justification is the cleansing of a person's sins. Through God's grace and
their faith in Jesus Christ they would be able to be "born again" through baptism. They believe that
everyone has inherited sin from Adam and Eve. Through Adam and Eve sinning they created a wall
of that mankind had to pass through. This wall separated God and man. Since God is graceful he is
willing to breakdown the wall through

Comparative Essay on Uniformitarianism and Catasophism
The Rise of Papacy
The rise of the papacy came at a time when the Roman Empire collapsed and there was chaos as it
related to the bishops who held office in Rome and what religion would be at the forefront of the
representation of the west or east of Rome since its demise. The term "papacy" (papatus), meant to
distinguish the Roman bishop's office from all bishoprics (episcopatus), and The Head of the Roman
Catholic Church the pope is considered the successor of Peter and the vicar of Christ (Elwell, p.
888). The "pope" is a terms of endearment which means "father" and this was the title of the most
important and influential bishops in the early church. The church at Rome nevertheless enjoyed and
wanted to preserve the original ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He used the income from various estates to pay the barbarians and he gave the churches, hospitals
and schools. Pope Gregory I actively intervened in the affairs of other bishops by settling disputes
which help elevate the Church of Rome back into the divine order and prestige of Papacy as the
ruler of the city Rome. Pope Gregory had a heart of humility because he saw so Barbarian slaves in
the Roman market and he sent Augustine Hippo to England to help them from bondage. By him
sending Augustine it broke the chains and traditions of most popes in office and this was another
way that the Papacy's authority had increased in power and direct authority over missionaries and
their territories. He is counted as one of the Church Fathers like Jerome, Augustine, an Ambrose. He
has written books and a Gregorian chant. He is the epitome of what leadership in Rome and abroad
looks like.
Charlemagne and the Carolingians inherited land that retained some of the attributes of Roman
administration, specifically laws and systems of taxation. The Frankish culture was not urban and as
a result in the early Middle Ages we see a general decline of urban life.
The reign of Charlemagne (742–814) was that of a transition from classical to medieval civilization.
Charlemagne ruled the Frankish kingdom from 771–814 which is and was a forty years span
because of the European expansion and the growth of people living in this area. His stability had
staying power because he

The Life of the Catholic Church in the US
The Catholic Church During Colonial Period between 1565–1783. The life of the Catholic Church
in US. Began with the Spanish conquerors, who founded the parish of St. Augustine, Florida, in
1565. In 1598 the Spanish Franciscans they were evangelizing the peoples of New Mexico, but in
1680 the Hopi Indians rose up in arms, killed the priests, and prevented the restoration of the
missions. Other missionaries who have come from Mexico christianized Arizona in the XVII
century and Texas and California in the eighteenth century. Two of these priests deserve to be quoted
in particular: the jesuit Eusebio Kino (v.) and the Franciscan junipero Serra. Kino in 1687
established the first mission in Arizona and in 1700 built San Xavier del Bac, missionary center for
the next century. On the basis of their own explorations and with maps by the facts, projected form
two chains of missions: the first from the Baja California to Monterrey in the Alta California, the
second covering from Arizona. When the Jesuits were on the verge of completing the draft of Kino,
were expelled from the Spanish territory (1767), giving his missions to the Franciscans. Fray
junipero is who, since 1768, directs the Franciscan missions, year in which the Spaniards have
already settled in the Alta California. In 1769 establishes its first mission in San Diego and in 1770
its central missionary in San Carlos Bor'Romeo, in Monterrey. (Shea, 9) The North of US. States
and Louisiana were

Informative Essay: The Catholic Church Proclaims
Despite the fact, that one could argue that the Catholic Church has become more progressive
overtime. Pre–1960s, the church thought very linearly; you are with us, supporting the divine law or
against us, refusing it. However, times have changed and the Church see that things are not so black
and white; there is a grey area. However, even though that may be true, the Catholic Church has
always, and will always proclaim that are the superior. In all aspects of life, people want to be a part
of the best things–this especially applies to religion. With this in mind, if one carefully examines
some of the papal doctrines ranging from 1880–1995, they will find a trend. In each of these,
encyclicals, during that one hundred plus time period, the Catholic Church ... Show more content on
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The Church recognizes some members of society are seeking God through other religions. In other
words, through other religions, individuals seek truth and hold to it: "all men are bound to seek the
truth, especially in what concerns God and His Church, and to embrace the truth they come to know
and to hold fast to it" (Dignitatis Humanae 1). However, the Catholic Church still believes, and
proudly proclaims, that it is the one true religion: "We believe that this one true religion subsists in
the Catholic and Apostolic Church, to which the Lord Jesus committed the duty of spreading it
abroad among all men" (Dignitatis Humanae 1). Meaning that the Catholic Church conceded that
individuals can apprehend some sort of truth through other forms of religion, but the true that they
will find will lack the fullness of the true you will get from following the path of the Catholic
Church. Although this may have some standing, one can correctly argue that the Catholic Church is
a made of by individuals, and so are other Church. Furthermore, "no one can be by nature superior
to his fellows, since all men are equally noble in natural dignity " (Pacem in terries

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