Linear cutting processes description. Ebaketa prozesu linealen deskribapena. Descripción de procesos de corte lineales.

1. BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGIES
LINEAR CUTTING
PROCESSES
by Endika Gandarias

2. 2by Endika Gandarias
Dr. ENDIKA GANDARIAS MINTEGI
Mechanical and Manufacturing department
Mondragon Unibertsitatea - www.mondragon.edu
(Basque Country)
www.linkedin.com/in/endika-gandarias-mintegi-91174653
Further presentations: www.symbaloo.com/mix/manufacturingtechnology

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CONTENTS
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
 SHAPING AND PLANING
 BROACHING
 SAWING
 GLOSSARY
by Endika Gandarias

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BIBLIOGRAPHY
BIBLIOGRAPHY
by Endika Gandarias

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The author would like to thank all the bibliographic references and videos that
have contributed to the elaboration of these presentations.
For bibliographic references, please refer to:
• http://www.slideshare.net/endika55/bibliography-71763364 (PDF file)
• http://www.slideshare.net/endika55/bibliography-71763366 (PPT file)
For videos, please refer to:
• www.symbaloo.com/mix/manufacturingtechnology
BIBLIOGRAPHY
by Endika Gandarias

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SHAPING AND PLANING
by Endika Gandarias
SHAPING AND PLANING

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• Similar operations:
• They differ in the kinematics of the process.
• Both use a single point cutting tool moved linearly relative to the workpiece.
• A straight, flat surface is created in both operations.
• Low cutting speeds due to start-and-stop motion.
• Typical tooling: single point high speed steel (HSS) tools.
SHAPING AND PLANING
Feed motion
(tool)
Speed motion
(workpiece)
Shaping Planing
Feed motion
(workpiece)
Speed motion
(tool)
by Endika Gandarias
VIDEO

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SHAPING AND PLANING
by Endika Gandarias
Components of a shaper. Components of a slotter machine.
• Tool has reciprocating motion.
• Workpiece is clamped on the table
which is stationary.
(HORIZONTAL) SHAPING MACHINE VERTICAL SHAPING MACHINE
OR SLOTTER MACHINE
• Identical machine to a horizontal shaping machine
but inclined 90º.
• It allows a higher cutting power as the workpiece is
better hold on the working table.
Shaping
VIDEO VIDEOVIDEO

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SHAPING AND PLANING
by Endika Gandarias
Components of a planer.
Parts made by a shaping and planing.
• Tool is stationary.
• Workpiece is clamped on the table which has
reciprocating motion.
• It allows machining of much larger parts.
Planing
VIDEO

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BROACHING
by Endika Gandarias
BROACHING

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• It is a machining process that uses a multiple-tooth cutting tool, called broach, moved linearly relative to
the workpiece. Each tooth is successively higher than the previous tooth.
• The material is removed in one stroke (pulling or pushing) (main difference in comparison with shaping
and planing).
• Most broaches are made of HSS, although carbide inserts (brazed or mechanically attached) also exist.
• It works best on soft materials: aluminium, bronze, brass, wood, plastics, composites, graphite,…
 Dimensional tolerance ~ IT6 – IT8
 Surface finish (Ra) ~ 6,3 – 25 μm
Advantages:
• Suitable for mass production.
• Cutting time is quick.
• Variety of work shapes possible.
Disadvantages:
• Owing to complicated and often
custom-shaped geometry, tooling is expensive.
• Valid only for light cuts.
• Only through hole and surfaces can be machined.
BROACHING
by Endika Gandarias
VIDEO

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BROACHING
Parts made by surface broaching Surface broaching machine
Surface broaching
by Endika Gandarias
• It is used to cut flat surfaces.
• The tool is a simple flat bar with multiple rows of cutting teeth.
• Surfaces may be flat, concave, convex, serrated or cam-shaped.
VIDEOVIDEOVIDEO

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• It is used for enlarging long holes.
• A starting hole must be predrilled in the part to insert the broach at the beginning of the stroke.
BROACHING
by Endika Gandarias
Typical parts made by internal broaching
Internal broaching machine
Internal broaching
VIDEOVIDEOVIDEOVIDEO

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SAWING
by Endika Gandarias
SAWING

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SAWING
by Endika Gandarias
• Sawing consists in cutting a narrow slit in a workpiece using a tool consisting of a series of narrowly
spaced teeth.
• The tool is called a saw blade and the teeth are typically made of carbon steel, HSS, carbide or
diamond.
• Typical functions:
• Separate a workpart into two pieces.
• Cut off unwanted portions of part .
Teeth are deviated in order to reduce friction
between saw blade and part.

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Teeth type depending on the cutting material
SAWING
by Endika Gandarias
HSS teeth
welded on a steel blade
Carbide inserts
brazed to blade teeth
50 HRC

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SAWING
by Endika Gandarias
Manual hacksaw
Circular saw
Hacksaw or reciprocating
saw machine
Band saw machine
HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Sawing machines
VIDEO
VIDEO
VIDEO
VIDEO
VIDEO
VIDEO

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Examples of various sawing operations.
SAWING
by Endika Gandarias
Sawing operations

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GLOSSARY
GLOSSARY
by Endika Gandarias

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GLOSSARY
by Endika Gandarias
ENGLISH SPANISH BASQUE
Band saw Sierra de cinta Zintazko zerra
Bar Barra Baraila
Brass Latón Letoi
Brazed Soldado Soldatua
Broach Brocha Brotxa
Broaching Brochado Brotxaketa
Bronze Bronce Brontze
Cam Leva Espeka
Carbide Carburo Karburo
Circular saw Sierra de disco Disko erako zerra
Clamp Abrazar Lotu
Clearance angle Ángulo de incidencia Eraso angelua
Custom A medida Neurrira
Cutting speed Velocidad de corte Ebaketa abiadura
Enlarge Agrandar Haunditu
Feed Avance Aitzinamendu
Gullet depth Profundidad de garganta/diente Hortz sakonera
Hack-saw Sierra de arco Arkuzko zerra
Head Cabezal Buru
HSS - High Speed Steel Acero rápido Altzairu lasterra
Ingot Lingote Lingote
Linear cutting processes Procesos de corte lineal Mozte zuzeneko prozesuak
Mass production Producción en masa Masako ekoizpen
Narrow Estrecho Estu
Overall En general Orokor
Planer Cepilladora Arrabotaketa makina
Planing Cepillado Arrabotaketa
Pull Tirar Tira egin

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GLOSSARY
by Endika Gandarias
ENGLISH SPANISH BASQUE
Push Empujar Bultz egin
Rake angle Ángulo de desprendimiento Jaulkitze angelu
Raker tooth Triscado estandar Entrama estandar
Ram Carnero Zikiro
Rear Trasero Atzeko
Ripping Desgarrar / Cortar Mozte
Root Raíz Erro
Row Fila Lerro
Saw blade Hoja de sierra Zerra orri
Sawing Aserrado Zerraketa
Shank Mango Kirten
Shape Forma Forma / Itxura
Shaping Limado Karrakaketa
Slice Rebanar Xerratu
Slit Raja / hendidura Xerra / Pitzadura
Slotting machine Mortajadora Mortaia makina
Speed Velocidad Abiadura
Stack Apilar Metatu
Steel Acero Altzairu
Straight tooth Triscado derecha-izquierda Ezker-eskuin entrama
Stroke Trazado / Desplazamiento Marratze / Desplazamendu
Through hole Agujero pasante Alderik aldeko zulo
Tool Herramienta Erraminta
Tooth (Teeth) Diente ( dientes) Hortz ( hortzak)
Wafer Oblea Olata
Wave tooth Triscado ondulado Entrama ondulatu
Weld Soldar Soldatu
Width Anchura Zabalera

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GLOSSARY
by Endika Gandarias
ENGLISH SPANISH BASQUE
Workpiece Pieza Pieza
Worktable Mesa de trabajo Lan mahai