operating system features, structure, operation of OS types of OS advantages and disadvantages WITH EXAMPLES

1. Operating system

2. CONTENT
▰ What is operating system?
▰ Operations of OS
▰ Structure of OS
▰ Features of OS

3. What is operating system
▰ An operating system (OS) is system
software that manages computer
hardware, software resources, and
provides
common services for computer
programs.
▰ A program that act as an intermediate
between user and computer hardware.
▰ A user can’t run application program
without OS.

4. Operations of operating system
 Main functions of operating system:
▰ Booting the computer
▰ Managing system resources (CPU, memory,
storage devices, printer)
▰ Managing files
▰ Handling input and output
▰ executing and providing services for
application software
▰ Memory management.

5. Structure of operating system

6. Features of operating system

7. CONTENT
▰ GUI
▰ Multiuser
▰ Multitasking
▰ multiprocessing

8. GRAPHICAL USER
INTERFACE
▰ A graphics-based operating system interface
that uses icons, menus and a mouse (to click
on the icon or pull down the menus) to
manage interaction with the system.
▰ Developed by Xerox, the GUI was
popularized by the Apple Macintosh in the
1980s.

10. MULTIUSER
▰ A Multi-user operating system is a computer
operating system which allows multiple
users to access the single system with one
operating system on it.
▰ It is generally used on large mainframe
computers. Example: Linux, Unix, Windows
2000, Ubuntu, Mac OS etc.,

12. MULTITASKING
▰ Multitasking allows a user to perform more
than one computer task simultaneously.
Multiple tasks are also known as processes
that share similar processing resources like a
CPU.
▰ The operating system keeps track of where
you are in each of these jobs and allows you
to transition between them without losing
data.

14. MULTIPROCESSING
▰ Multiprocessor Operating System refers to the
use of two or more central processing units
(CPU) within a single computer system.
▰ These multiple CPUs are in a close
communication sharing the computer bus,
memory and other peripheral devices.
▰ Two types:
1. Tightly coupled: each processor share a
common RAM
2. Loosely coupled: each processor has its
own separate RAM

16. CONTENT
▰ Multithreading
▰ Types of operating system
• Batch OS
• Distributed OS
• Network OS
• Real-time OS

17. MULTITHREADING
▰ Smaller parts of a program are loaded when
needed by OS
▰ Operating systems that allow different parts of
a software program to run concurrently
Operating systems that would fall into this
category are:
▰ For example
▻ Linux
▻ Unix
▻ Windows 2000

18. TYPES OF OPERATING
SYSTEM

19. BATCH OS
▰ Batch OS is the first operating system for
second-generation computers.
▰ This OS does not directly interact with the
computer.
▰ Instead, an operator takes up similar jobs
and groups them together into a batch, and
then these batches are executed one by one
based on the first-come, first, serve
principle.

20. DISTRIBUTED OS
▰ A distributed operating system is a
recent advancement in the field of
computer technology and is utilized all
over the world that too with great pace.
▰ In a distributed OS, various computers
are connected through a single
communication channel.

21. NETWORK OS
▰ Network operating systems are the systems
that run on a server and manage all the
networking functions.
▰ They allow sharing of various files,
applications, printers, security, and other
networking functions over a small network
of computers like LAN or any other private
network.

22. REAL-TIME OS
▰ Real-Time operating systems serve real-time
systems.
▰ These operating systems are useful where
many events occur in a short time or certain
deadlines, such as real-time simulations.

23. CONTENT
▰ ADVANTAGES OF OS
▰ DISADVANTAGES OF OS
▰ BEST OPERATING SYSTEMS

24. ADVANTAGES OF OS
▰ USER FRIENDLY:
• It comes with various symbols, buttons,
menus and other graphical
representations all which makes them
easily understandable.
• As a result, users can interact and
communicate with the machine easily.

25. ADVANTAGES OF OS
▰ SECURITY:
• It is a responsibility of an operating system to make
sure each data present inside them is secure.
• They do this by encrypting data bit to bit.
 SHARING RESOURCES:
• Operating system also provides the opportunity to
share resources with other users. Such resources
include, printers, fax machines, modems and
players.

26. ADVANTAGES OF OS
▰ MULTITASKING:
• Multitasking is another important feature
of an operating system.
• Using operating system, users can
perform different tasks simultaneously.
• There is no need to close one window to
open another.

27. DISADVANTAGES OF OS
▰ COST:
• Unless it is an open source operating system, generally all
other platforms are considered to be expensive.
• If the operating system includes GUI functionality, it
increases the cost even more.
 RELIABILITY:
• Without an operating system, the computer cannot work.
• Therefore, any kind of failures in the operating system
will result in affecting the entire computer.

28. DISADVANTAGES OF OS
▰ COMPLEXITY:
• The language that is used behind an operating system
makes it more complex.
• This language cannot be understood by an average user.
 VIRUS ATTACKS:
• The risk of viruses is always higher in an operating
system. Sometimes users can unknowingly download
malicious programs which can make a computer
vulnerable to viruses.

29. BEST OPERATING SYSTEMS
▰ Microsoft window
▰ Linux
▰ MacOS
▰ Ubuntu
▰ Window 10

30. THANK YOU!!