You will be enlightened by his line of thinking.

2. Knowledge
= to recall Murray’s line of thinking;
Skills
= to compare the disparities between Murray and
Freud’s Divisions of Personality;
Attitude
= to support Murray’s Personology as a contribution
to one’s reservoir of knowledge

5. 1938-1988

6. Childhood Depression
and Compensation
1. Murray’s childhood contained
maternal rejection,
2. Elements of Adlerian compensation
for a physical defect,
3. The marrow-of-his-being memory

7. Maternal Rejection?
How was that?
=Weaned when he was still
2-month old

8. He insisted that his mother’s actions led
to his lifelong depression, a condition
that formed the core of his personality.
Murray referred to his depression as a
source of “misery and melancholy”
(Murray, 1967). This lack of a childhood
attachment to his mother later led
Murray to question Freud’s Oedipus
complex because it did not coincide to
his own experience.

9. Keywords :
misery = a feeling of great distress
or discomfort of mind or body
melancholy= a feeling of pensive
sadness, typically with no obvious
cause

10. “Elements of Adlerian
Compensation”

11. Adlerian Compensation
= was afflicted with crossed eyes, and at the
age of 9
= had a speech impediment (a stutter)
=After being bested in a schoolyard fight, Murray took
up boxing and won the local featherweight
championship. He later agreed that “an Adlerian
factor was at work” in these childhood efforts to
compensate for his disabilities (Murray, 1967, p. 302).

12. “ Marrow of His-Being
Memory”
(at the age of 4 he saw a picture
of a sad old woman equally sad
to her son )

13. Scholastic Background
• Graduated from Columbia University Medical
School in 1919
• Earned M.A. in Biology and taught Physiology at
Harvard
• Received his Ph.D. in Biochemistry from
Cambridge University in 1927
• Became interested in Psychology when he read
the book of Carl Jung-Psychological Types

14. Scholastic Background

15. What then is meant by
TAT?
Note: Video Clip

25. direction to a behavior

38. ANALYSIS
• What is something special in Murray’s
Personology?
• What makes Murray’s Id, Superego and Ego
different from Freuds’?
• Which of Murray’s Principles of Personology
more useful to you?

41. _________________________

42. _______________________________________________________
____________________________________________________

43. ____________________________________________

44. Murray’s List
of
Needs

45. ______________________________
_________________________________________

46. ___________________________________

47. ______________________________________

49. _____________________________________________

50. _________________________
_____________________

51. ___________________________________________

52. _________________________________________________
__________________

53. ________________________________________

54. ___________________________________________________________
______________________

55. _________________________________________

57. ______________________________________________________

58. INFLUENCES
OF PSYCHOGENIC
NEEDS

59. _____________

62. ______________________
________________

66. APPLICATION:
TERM HUNTS
ID PRESS,
NEEDS, SUPEREGO,
THEMA,
EGO,

67. 1. _______ are physiologically based
hypothetical constructs that arise from internal
processes or environmental events
2. ________ is an amalgamation of personal
factors (needs) and environmental factors
(presses).
3. ________ is shaped by cultural factors
4. ________ is the decision maker of the
person’s behavior
5. _________ is the reservoir of tendencies

68. Answers:
1. Needs
2. Thema
3. Superego
4. Ego
5. Id