This document discusses mistakes and errors in language learning and techniques for correcting them. It defines a mistake as a temporary error caused by factors like tiredness, while an error occurs due to incomplete knowledge. It notes that students want correction to improve. Various types of errors in writing and speaking are listed, along with common causes. Techniques for correcting written errors include peer review and collective practice of common mistakes. For spoken errors, techniques involve prompting self-correction through intonation and clues or expansion on partial answers before direct teacher correction. An effective correction system should be clear and shared with students.
2. A mistake
A mistake is a “slip of tongue’’.
Learner knows the correct form but
has temporarily forgotten it.
Tired
Not concentrating
Carelessness
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3. An error is made when a learner does not
know that he is incorrect.
Learners knowledge is not complete and is
still developing.
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5. Students wants to be understood.
Students expect to be corrected by the
teacher.
Students want to improve and feel confident.
Students don’t know they are making
mistakes.
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8. L1 interference
Overgeneralization of rules from L2
Teacher or material induced
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9. 1- Teachers shows student that there is a
mistake.(Show incorrectness)
2- If the student can not correct him/her self,
the teacher helps by using alternative techniques
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15. Thinking about his use of language
Remembering how to avoid the error
Keeping all the class involved
Learning from each other
Reducing teacher domination
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17. 1- Questions intonations and clues
2- Self correction
3- Peer correction
4- Expansion
5- Drilling correct forms
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18. Drilling correct forms:
addressing an error made by many students
not drawing attention to the student who
made the error
Expansion:
Expands on an incomplete or partially correct
answer.
Student was correct in some aspects
Provides additional relevant information
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20. The system that shows the main points
teacher will be correcting as well as the
symbols he/she uses. It must be shared with
the students.
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21. 1- self correction
2- Peer correction
3- Teacher correction ( correction scheme)
4- Collective correction of common mistakes
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22. Monitor students and make notes
Classify mistakes into different categories
Write errors on the board for students to
correct
All students make an error notebook
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23. written errorSpoken errors
1-Correction scheme1-Questions intonations and
clues
2-Peer correction2-Self correction
3-Teacher correction3-Peer correction
4-Collective correction of
common mistakes
4-Expansion
5-Drilling correct forms
Techniques for Correcting
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