2. Genres of Written Language
1. Academic Writing
2. Job-related Writing
3. Personal Writing
3. Types of Writing Performance
1. Imitative
▫ Genre : Personal Writing
▫ To produce writen language ; the learner must attain the skill (basic tasks of
writing letters, words, punctuation, and brief sentences).
▫ Includes the ability to spell corectly and to spell perceive phoneme-grapheme
correspondences in the English spelling system.
2. Intensive (controlled)
▫ Strictly controlled by test design
3. Responsive
▫ Genre : Academic Writing
▫ Require learners to perform at a limited discourse level, connecting sentences
into a paragraph and creating a logically connected sequence of two or three
paragraphs
4. Extensive
▫ Genre : Academic Writing
▫ Successful management of all the processes and strategies of writing for all
purposes. Writers focus on achieving a purpose, organizing and developing
ideas logically, using details to support or illustrate ideas, etc
4. Micro- and Macroskills of Writing
• Microskills apply more appropriately to
imitative and intensive types of writing tasks.
• Macroskills are essential for the successful
mastery of responsive and extensive writing.
5. Designing Assessment Tasks
• IMITATIVE WRITING
▫ Basic training in and aseessment of imitative writing :
The rudiments of forming letters, words, and simple sentences.
• Tasks in (Hand) Writing Letters, Words, and Punctuation
▫ Copying
▫ Listening cloze selection tasks
▫ Picture-cued tasks
▫ Form completion tasks
▫ Converting numbers and abbreviations to words
• Spelling Tasks and Detecting Phoneme-Grapheme
Correspondences
▫ Spelling tests
▫ Picture-cued tasks
▫ Multiple-choice techniques
▫ Matching phonetic symbols
6. Designing Assessment Tasks
• INTENSIVE (CONTROLLED) WRITING
Its also be thought of as form-focused writing, grammar
writing, or simply guided writing.
Display writing as opossed to real writing
• Test Type :
▫ Dictation and Dicto-Comp
▫ Grammatical Transformation Tasks
▫ Picture-Cued Tasks
▫ Vocabulary Assessment Tasks
▫ Ordering Tasks
▫ Short-Answer and Sentence Completion Tasks
7. Designing Assessment Tasks
• RESPONSIVE AND EXTENSIVE WRITING
Test Type :
▫ Pharaphrasing
▫ Guided Question and Answer
▫ Paragraph Construction Tasks
▫ Strategic Option
8. Test of Written English (TWE)
• Is one of a number of internationally available
standardized tests of writing ability.
• Gained a reputation as a well-respected measure
of written English, and a number of research
articles support its validity.
