A discussion on Ethnolingustics and Filipino Family kinship terms.

1. FAMILY
ETHNOLINGUISTICS
Group 3: Cabredo • De Lima • Francisco • Sitjar • Santos

2. The Family is the basic
unit of the society.
The Filipino family is referred to
as “mag-anak”

3. Sino ang bumubuo?
Ang pamilyang Pilipino ay
karaniwang binubuo ng immediate
family (mga magulang at mga
kapatid) at extended family (mga
lolo at lola, mga tito at tita, at mga
pinsan).

4. Depende sa pamilya,
nasasama rin minsan
ang:
1. Mga In-Laws
2. mga ninong at ninang (sa binyag, sa
confirmation, at sa kasal)
3. mga kaibigang malapit sa pamilya tulad
ng mga childhood friends at mga

5. KINSHIP TERMS
AND USAGE

6. GENERAL SIMPLIFIED
FAMILY RELATIONS
SCHEMATIC

7. PARENTS
TERM TO WHOM DO WE ADDRESSTHIS?
Nanay Specifically for mother, generally for any woman older (lola type)
Tatay Specifically for father, generally: any older man (lolo type)
Inay/'Nay Specifically for mother, generally for any woman older (lola type)
Itay/'Tay Specifically for father, generally: any older man (lolo type)
Mama Real/Assumed Mother
Papa Real/Assumed Father
Ermats (slang) For real mother only
Erpats (slang) For real father only
Ama For real father only
Daddy Real/Assumed Father; often used in childish roleplay
Mommy Real/Assumed Mother; often used in childish roleplay
Dad Real/Assumed Father
Dada Real/Assumed Father
Inang (province-based tagalog) Real/Assumed Mother-Lola
Amang (province-based tagalog) Real/Assumed Father-Lolo
Apang (province-based tagalog) Real/Assumed Father-Lolo
Mamita (slang) Real/Assumed Mother; Mother figure; Woman Boss
Source: Group 3 discussion

8. GRANDPARENTS
TERM TO WHOM DO WE ADDRESS THIS?
Lolo Real Grandfather ; Anyone man significantly older
Lola Real Grandfather ; Anyone woman significantly older
Mama Real/Assumed Grandmother; often due to the lola being a mother figure
Papa Real/Assumed Grandfather; often due to the lolo being a father figure
Lolo Dad Real/Assumed Grandmother; often due to the lolo being a father figure
Lola Mommy Real/Assumed Grandmother; often due to the lola being a mother figure
Mommy Real/Assumed Grandmother; often due to the lola being a mother figure
Daddy Real/Assumed Grandmother; often due to the lolo being a father figure
Lolong Real/assumed grandfather; ease of articulation
Lelong Real/Assumed grandfather; often specific to provinces.
Lulu Ease of Articulation; Baby Talk for Lolo
Lala Ease of Articulation; Baby Talk for Lola
Amang (province-based tagalog) Real/Assumed Father-Lola
Inang (province-based tagalog) Real/Assumed Mother-Lola
Source: Group 3 discussion

9. SIBLINGS
Source: http://www.reocities.com/kanin247/Y2Kanin/philippines/siblings.htm
Term TO WHOM DO WE ADDRESS THIS?
Ate Older sister; Anyone who is a woman
Kuya Older brother, anyone who is a man
Baby Youngest/generally the youngest sibling; often intended for toddlers
Bunso Youngest/generally the youngest sibling; often intended for toddlers
Ditse (chinese) Second oldest sister (Di = second , tse= sister)
Diko (chinese) Second oldest brother (Di = second , ko=brother)
Achi/Atse (chinese-pampanga) ldest sister
Ahia (chinese-modified) oldest brother
Siobe (chinese) youngest sister
Dichi//Dete (chinese) Second oldest sister (Di = second , tse= sister)
Sangse/Sanse/ (chinese) third oldest sister (sang= third)
Siche/Sitse (chinese) fourth oldest sister (si=fourth)
Koa (primitive chinese) compounded word for the oldest brother
Sangko (chinese) third oldest brother (sang= third)
Siko (chinese) fourth oldest brother (si=fourth)
Totoy /Toy/Ato/Doy/Toto (provincial) general term for the youngest brother
Nene/Inday/Day/Ineng (provincial) general term for the youngest brother

10. OTHERS
Source: Group 3 discussion
TERMS
TO WHOM DO WE ADDRESS
THIS?
Tito Duh
Tita Duh
Tiyahin Duh
Tiyuhin Duh
Tiyo Duh
Tia (Cha) Duh
Tsong Duh; Barkada (often for boys)
Tsang Duh
Bayaw Duh
Manugang Duh
Biyenan Duh
Kumare Duh
Kumpare Duh
Ninong Duh
Ninang Duh
Hipag Duh
Pinsan Duh

11. KINSHIP TERMS
IN SOME LOCAL
LANGUAGES

12. HILIGAYNON,
BIKOLANO, ILOKANO
Source: groupmates
http://www.languagelinks.org/lessons/ilokano/ilo_les2
.html
Hiligaynon
Terms
To whom do we address
this?
Sister Manang/nang
Brother Manong/nong
Husband Bana
Wife Asawa
Pinsan Paka-isa
2nd Cousin Paka-duha
Bikolano
Asawa Agom
Anak Aki
Kapatid Tugang
Brother Manoy
Sister Manay
Ilokano
Grandfather Lelong
Grandparents Apong
Eldest sibling Inaunaan
Brother-in-Law Kayong
Sister-in-Law Ipag

13. CEBUANO Source: http://fil-gen-
pro.blogspot.com/2012/02/cebuano-kinship-
terms.html

14. EXTENT OF
USAGE (OF
TERMS)

16. STRUCTURES OF
THE FILIPINO
FAMILY

17. STRUCTURES OF THE
FILIPINO FAMILY
The structure of Filipino families is similar
to that of many other Asian cultures.
Unlike families in the West, Filipinos will
have several generations living under one
roof. Elderly family members are cared for at
home rather than being placed in nursing
facilities. Unmarried adult sons/daughter
typically remain in their parents’ home.
Source: http://www.livinginthephilippines.com/culture-and-people/philippine-
culture/1308-family-structure

18. NUCLEAR FAMILY
A family is nuclear when
it consists of a married
man or woman with
their offspring. The
couples may or may not
be married and their
children may or may not
be biological. This is
considered the primary
unit of all family types as
other types evolve from
this structure.
Pondoyo, Gregor. “The Filipino Family & Filipino
Values: A Synthesis Paper on the Books by Dr. Belen
T. G. Medina, PhD & Dr. FlorentinoT. Timbreza, PhD”.
Retrived June 22, 2014
fromhttp://www.scribd.com/doc/74642455/The-

19. NUCLEAR FAMILY
2 types:
A. Family of Orientation –
consists of individual,
parents, siblings. Primarily,
the family where the
“individual was born and
reared”
B. Family of Procreation –
consists of individual,
spouse and their children.
This is established in
marriage
Pondoyo, Gregor. “The Filipino Family & Filipino
Values: A Synthesis Paper on the Books by Dr. Belen
T. G. Medina, PhD & Dr. FlorentinoT. Timbreza, PhD”.
Retrived June 22, 2014
fromhttp://www.scribd.com/doc/74642455/The-
Filipino-Family
individual
father
mother
siblings
Spouse
children

20. EXTENDED FAMILY
If the family living
together in the same
residential unit
includes members
(i.e. relatives) other
than a husband,
wife, and their
children, it is an
extended family
household.
The Philippines - Gender, Family, Development, Family, and
Filipino - JRank
Articles http://family.jrank.org/pages/1277/Philippines.html#ixz
z35LECVhmu

21. SINGLE PARENT
Children are most likely to live in a single
parent structure for reasons other than
the death of a parent. Solo parents are
proliferating nowadays including:
1) Widow or widower & his/her offspring
2) Single parent with adopted child(ren)
3) Separated parent with child(ren)
4) Unwed woman & her child/children
5 )Mistress & her child/children by a
married man
Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/4658559
[includes teenage mothers]

22. CONCEPTS OF
EXTENDED
FAMILY

23. KINSHIP
The kinship system among Filipinos is an
important concern & is somehow related
to the natural tendencies of Filipinos
toward extended family. This establishes
the family in the society.
This system includes:
1. blood relatives
2. kinship created by binyag (Baptism)
3. Marriage (compradrazgo system)
4. Other friends of parents, neighbors
and officemates
Pondoyo, Gregor. “The Filipino Family & Filipino Values: A Synthesis Paper on the
Books by Dr. Belen T. G. Medina, PhD & Dr. FlorentinoT. Timbreza, PhD”. Retrived
June 22, 2014 fromhttp://www.scribd.com/doc/74642455/The-Filipino-Family

24. DESCENT SYSTEM
Descent has something to do with
who is the individual associated
with (relatives to either mother or
father side or both)
Among the three types, bilateral
descent is common to Filipino
families. It can be observed that
the offspring of the family then will
have 2 grandfathers & 2
grandmothers ( doubling the lines
of descent). Both the mother's
and father's lineages are of
equal importance.
Pondoyo, Gregor. “The Filipino Family & Filipino Values: A Synthesis
Paper on the Books by Dr. Belen T. G. Medina, PhD & Dr. FlorentinoT.
Timbreza, PhD”. Retrived June 22, 2014
fromhttp://www.scribd.com/doc/74642455/The-Filipino-Family

25. COMPADRAZGO
SYSTEM
The extended family system is further
enlarged by the compadrazgo system, a
legacy of Spanish colonial Catholicism.
In addition to relatives by blood and
marriage, Filipinos gain relatives
through godparent rituals and
ceremonies. Typically, they are the
more wealthy and powerful
acquaintances close friend or neighbor of
the natural parent.
They are called as a godparent/copadre
(known as ninong or ninang to the child)
and acts as surrogate parental
relationship to a person by virtue of
acting as a sponsor at the religious rites
of baptism, confirmation, and marriage.
(Agbayani-Siewert and Revilla, 1995).
Sources:
http://www.livinginthephilippines.com/culture-
and-people/philippine-culture/1308-family-
structure