Chapter 15

SOC 3880
Intro to Criminal Justice
mbritz@clemson.edu
Criminal Justice
CHAPTER 15
COMPARATIVE
CRIMINAL
JUSTICE

© 2013 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved
15.1
15.2
15.3
15.4
15.5
Outline the variations in crime around the world in relation to
crime rates, types of crime, and victimization surveys.
Summarize the universality of crime across countries.
Discuss the importance of the study of comparative criminal
justice.
Describe the difference between international and transnational
crimes.
Identify the three types of transnational crimes.
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES

15.6
15.7
15.8
15.9
Identify the agencies of transnational law enforcement and the
ways they interact to combat transnational crime.
Summarize the issues surrounding the concepts of international
justice and corrections.
Summarize legal and ethical issues relating to transnational law
enforcement.
Explain the role of international criminal justice organizations.
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES

Outline the variations in crime around
the world in relation to crime rates,
types of crime, and victimization
surveys.
Learning Objectives
After this lecture, you should be able to complete the following Learning Outcomes
15.1

Incidence of Major Crimes15.1
Without periodically
collected baseline
data about the
incidence of crime, it
is impossible to
distinguish long-term
trends from year-to-
year fluctuations
A comparison of crime
rates in different
nations might provide
clues as to why some
nations are more
successful than others
in controlling crime
rates.
5

Summarize the universality of crime
across countries.
Learning Objectives
15.2

15.2
International Crime Victim Survey:
Interviews representative samples of citizens
from around the world about their experiences
with crime.
7

15.2
Synnomie Anomievs.
8

15.2
9

Discuss the importance of the study
of comparative criminal justice.
Learning Objectives
15.3

Describe the difference between
international and transnational
crimes.
Learning Objectives
15.4

Types of Crime15.4
Transnational
Crime
International
Crime
vs.
12

15.4

Identify the three types of
transnational crimes.
Learning Objectives
15.5

15.5
15

Identify the agencies of transnational
law enforcement and the ways they
interact to combat transnational
crime.
Learning Objectives
15.6

Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved17
15.6
Interpol Europol
U.S. National
Central Bureau
United Nations
Conferences
on Crime

Summarize the issues surrounding the
concepts of international justice and
corrections.
Learning Objectives
15.7

15.7

Summarize legal and ethical issues
relating to transnational law
enforcement.
Learning Objectives
15.8

Legal Systems15.8
Civil Law
Common
Law
Islamic
Law
Socialist
Law

Explain the role of international
criminal justice organizations.
Learning Objectives
15.9

15.1
15.2
15.3
It is difficult to compare crime rates in different nations
because of various methodological problems. The world crime surveys
conducted by the United Nations have found that theft is the most
common crime. Assault is the most frequently committed violent crime.
Victimization surveys have found that crime is not often reported to police
and that victims and offenders share many of the same characteristics.
Countries with low crime rates appear to have developed strong social
control through family systems and religious tradition, practice, and
belief.
Major findings from these surveys show that crime is universal in that some
crime is found in every country. Rates of crime are strongly related to
economic deprivation, especially among young people, suggesting that
crime rates are related to a lack of opportunities for legitimate earnings.
There is no way to know whether the experience of crime and justice in
the United States is typical, acceptable, or intolerable without a
comparison with other nations. Indeed, a comparison of the known with
the unknown is a fundamental principle in advancing knowledge. In the
twenty-first century such comparisons are increasingly important with the
globalization of the economy, improved international communications,
and more open borders around the world than ever before that allow for
international travel and immigration.
CHAPTER SUMMARY

15.4
15.5
Although there can be some overlap between transnational and
international crimes, because a few crimes can sometimes be placed in
both categories (such as international drug trafficking), they are not the
same. Transnational crimes always involve at least two countries, whereas
some international crimes can occur within the boundaries of only one
country, as with genocide or apartheid.
The three types of transnational crimes: Provision of illicit goods, provision
of illicit services, and infiltration of business or government.
15.6
Transnational law enforcement: Interpol, Europol, U.S. National Central
Bureau, and United Nations conferences on crime.
15.7
Although there are international differences in the punishment of
criminals, basic standards of treatment should apply everywhere. These
have been codified by the United Nations in the Standard Minimum Rules
for the Treatment of Prisoners.
CHAPTER SUMMARY

15.8
15.9
Legal systems can be grouped into four major types: civil law, common
law, Islamic law, and socialist law.
The International Criminal Court went into effect in 2002.
Although there are international differences in the punishment of criminals,
basic standards of treatment should apply everywhere. These have been
codified by the United Nations in the Standard Minimum Rules for the
Treatment of Prisoners.
CHAPTER SUMMARY

Chapter 15

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