Water availability and conservation
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This is a PP presentation that I developed to teach middle school students about freshwater availability and conservation. It also describes a new NASA Earth-observing mission, Global Precipitation Measurement, that will be launched early next year and will measure precipitation across the globe.
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Water availability and conservation
- 1. Water Conservation Dorian Janney GPM Education Specialist NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Accokeek Academy Nov. 15tth, 2013
- 2. Who Am I? • Dorian Janney • I work at NASA/GSFC as the education specialist for a new NASA mission called “GPM” • Have 3 grown sons: ages 32, 28, and 23 years old • Am close to my sister’s triplets who are in 6th grade
- 3. Big Questions • Where does our water come from? • Why do we need to conserve water? • How can we conserve water?
- 4. Where does our water come from?
- 6. Freshwater is a precious resource. http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/earthwherewater.html
- 7. Where is all the water on Earth?
- 10. How do we use freshwater in US? In addition to home use, fresh water is used for transportation, agriculture, heating and cooling, industry, livestock, and many other purposes. That one percent of water is primarily used in eight different ways, or categories: • Domestic. Residential home indoor and outdoor use, such as drinking, cleaning, and watering lawns • Public supply. Public and commercial buildings, such as schools and restaurants • Irrigation. Watering systems for farms that grow food
- 11. Freshwater Usage • Livestock. Watering systems for animals on ranches and farms • Aquaculture- Watering systems for fish farms and hatcheries • Industrial -Water used for manufacturing products, including food, paper, and petroleum products • Mining- Water used for extracting natural resources such as metals, minerals, natural gas, and oil • Thermoelectric- Water used for generating electricity using steam-driven generators
- 12. Pop Quiz • Which do you think we use the most freshwater for? Thumbs up: in our homes (drinking, laundry, showers, etc.) Thumbs down: to make electricity • Which if these uses the most water in our homes? Thumbs up: flushing the toilet Thumbs down: washing our clothes
- 13. Estimated Water Use in US Thermoelectric 49% Public Supply 11% Domestic 1% Irrigation 31% Other- 8%: Mining 1%, Industrial 4%, Aquaculture 2%, Livestock 1% From the American Water Works Assoc.
- 15. Keeping track of freshwater • Rain gauges- not evenly distributed, none over oceans, measures at local level which varies widely • Weather radar- ground-based, not evenly distributed, not over oceans, measures at local level • Satellites: operational and research, global level NOAA, NWS- operational: predicting, forecasting NASA- research: Impact of climate change on freshwater availability Impact of global rainfall on natural disasters: drought, tropical cyclones, landslides, etc… World health concerns: water-borne disease, water availability, etc…
- 16. Tropical Cyclone Haiyan • NASA is keeping an eye in the sky • Natural disasters cost the world so much in terms of lives lost and damage to the environment
- 17. GPM: Setting the Standard! • NASA’s GPM mission will set the standard for how we measure precipitation across the globe. In this short video, you will learn how GPM will be able to accomplish this• http://pmm.nasa.gov/education/videos/for-goodmeasure
- 18. Why do we need to conserve water?
- 19. Conservation • What is “conservation”? • What are some things that we should try to conserve? • What is the difference between a renewable resource and a non-renewable resource? • Which type of resource is water? • Why should we conserve water? • How can we conserve water?
- 20. Water Conservation • What can we do? • Remember to use a refillable water bottle!!!
- 21. What comes next? • You do!
- 22. STEM Careers at NASA • Science- Technology- Engineering- Math • Film Producer! Artist! Computer Programmer! • Scientist- from physicists to astronomers to oceanographers! http://pmm.nasa.gov/education/videos/faces-gpmdr-dalia-kirschbaum-gpm-applications-scientist • Engineers- do you like to make stuff? Put things together? http://pmm.nasa.gov/education/videos/faces-gpmengineers • Writers- Teachers- Technicians- Etc!!! • Dream Big- Work Hard!!!
Editor's Notes
- Introduce ourselves
- Use this slide to reinforce the fact that water exists in three forms- and help them to discover that it is the temperature that causes water to change from one form to the other.
- In the pie charts above, the top pie chart shows that over 99 percent of all water (oceans, seas, ice, most saline water, and atmospheric water) is not available for our uses. And even of the remaining fraction of one percent (the small brown slice in the top pie chart), much of that is out of reach. Considering that most of the water we use in everyday life comes from rivers (the small dark blue slice in the bottom pie chart), you'll see we generally only make use of a tiny portion of the available water supplies. The bottom pie shows that the vast majority of the fresh water available for our uses is stored in the ground (the large grey slice in the second pie chart). http://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/earthwherewater.html
- Where is Earth's water located and in what forms does it exist? You can see how water is distributed by viewing these bar charts. The left-side bar shows where the water on Earth exists; about 97 percent of all water is in the oceans. The middle bar shows the distribution of that three percent of all Earth's water that is freshwater. The majority, about 69 percent, is locked up in glaciers and icecaps, mainly in Greenland and Antarctica. You might be surprised that of the remaining freshwater, almost all of it is below your feet, as groundwater. No matter where on Earth you are standing, chances are that, at some depth, the ground below you is saturated with water. Of all the freshwater on Earth, only about 0.3 percent is contained in rivers and lakes—yet rivers and lakes are where most of the water we use in our everyday lives exists.
- Discuss difference between fresh and salt water- emphasize need for freshwater to meet our needs, explain why we can’t use salt water for our needs
- You can skip these slides unless you have time and want to discuss the ways we use freshwater in our daily lives.
- See note for previous slide
- Graphic display of data presented- amount of freshwater we use in US for various purposes.
- This short video (2:01) "For Good Measure" explains why scientists turn to satellites to get a worldwide view of rainfall. Filmed at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., with a cast of more than 20 volunteers, the video walks through how rain touches our lives and how scientists plan to improve measurements with the upcoming Global Precipitation Measurement mission. The video can be downloaded in HD at: http://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011200/a011219/