Members: Sequito Tan Malayag

1. ETHERS
John Cedric Malayag
Samantha Elizabeth Sequito
Dessi Raye Tan

2. Ether comes from the Latin
aether, means “to ignite”.
High vapor pressure at
room temperature, which
makes them very
flammable.

3. An ether is an organic
compound in which an
oxygen atom is bonded
to two carbon atoms by
single bonds.

4. STRUCTURAL
CHARACTERISTICS
OF ETHERS

5. Examples of
Ethers Include:
CHɜ―O―CHɜ
CHɜ―CH2―O—
CHɜ―O—

6. GENERALIZED
FORMULAS FOR
ETHERS
R—O—R
R—O—R´
R—O—Ar
Ar—O—Ar

8. Note that unlike alcohols
and phenols, ethers do not
possess a hydroxyl
(—OH) group.

9. NOMENCLATURE
FOR
ETHERS

10. LINE-ANGLE
STRUCTURAL
FORMULAS FOR
SELECTED
SIMPLE ETHERS

11. Ethyl methyl ether
(methoxyethane)
Diethyl ether
(ethoxyethane)
Dipropyl ether
(1 – propxypropane)

12. Unsymmetrical
Ethers

13. Ether in the molecule
of which the two
ligands on the ether
group are different.

14. Name both hydrocarbon groups
bonded to the oxygen atom in
alphabetical order and add the word
ether, separating the words with a
space.
CHɜ—O—CH2—CHɜ
Ethyl methyl ether
CHɜ—CH2—O—
Ethyl phenyl ether

15. Symmetrical
Ethers

16. Ether in the
molecule of which
the two ligands on
the ether group are
identical.

17. Name the alkyl group, add the
prefix di- , and then add the word
ether, separating the words with a
space.
CHɜ—O—CHɜ
Dimethyl ether
CHɜ—CH2—O—CH2—CHɜ
Diethyl ether

18. ALKOXY
GROUP

19. Is an — OR group, an akyl/aryl
group attached to an oxygen atom.
Examples:
CHɜ—O— CHɜ—CH2—O—
Methoxy group Ethoxy group
CHɜ—CH2—CH2—O—
Propoxy group

20. RULES FOR
NAMING AN
ETHER USING
THE IUPAC
SYSTEM

21. Rule 1: Select the longest carbon chain and
use its name as the base name.
Rule 2: Change the –yl ending of the other
hydrocarbon group to –oxy to obtain the
alkoxy group name; methyl becomes
methoxy, ethyl becomes ethoxy, etc.
Rule 3: Place the alkoxy name with a
locator number, infront of the base chain
name.

22. EXAMPLES OF
IUPAC ETHER
NOMENCLATUR
E

23. CHɜ—O—CH2—CH2—CH2—CHɜ
1 - Methoxybutane
CHɜ—CH—CH2—O—CH2—CHɜ
|
CHɜ
1- Ethoxy – 2-methylproprane

24. O—CHɜ
O—CHɜ
Anisole
CH2—CH=CH2
Anethole

25. ISOMERIS
M FOR
ETHERS

26. Ethers contain two
carbon chains (two alkyl
groups), unlike the one
carbon chain found in
alcohols.

27. There are
Three C4
Ether
Constitutional

28. CHɜ—CH2—O—CH2—CHɜ
Diethyl ether
CHɜ—O—CH2—CH2—CH2—CHɜ
Methyl propyl ether
CHɜ—O—CH—CHɜ
CHɜ
Isopropyl methyl ether

30. FUNCTIONAL
GROUP
ISOMERISM

31. Are constitutional
isomers that contain
different functional
groups.

32. CHɜ—CH2—O—CHɜ
Ethyl methyl ether
CHɜ—CH2—CH2—OH
Propyl alcohol
CHɜ—CH—OH
CHɜ
Isopropyl alcohol

33. PHYSICAL
AND
CHEMICAL
PROPERTIES

34. The boiling points of ethers
are similar to those of
alkanes of comparable
molecular mass and are much
lower than those of alcohols
of comparable molecular
mass.

35. Alkane
CHɜ—CH2—CH2—CH2—CHɜ
Mol. Mass = 72 amu bp=36°C
Ether
CHɜ—CH2—O—CH2—CHɜ
Mol. Mass = 74 amu bp=35°C
Alcohol
CHɜ—CH2—CH2—CH2—OH
Mol. Mass = 74 amu bp=117°C

36. The much higher boiling
point of the alcohol results
from hydrogen bonding
between alcohol molecules.

37. Gas
Liquid

38. Ether are more soluble
in water than are alkanes
Similar to alcohols of
the same molecular
mass.

39. TWO CHEMICAL
PROPERTIES OF
ETHERS ARE
SPECIALLY
IMPORTANT

40. Ethers are flammable.
Ethers react slowly with
oxygen from the air to
form unstable
hydroperoxides and
peroxides.

41. R—O—O—H
Hydroperoxide
R—O—O—R
Peroxide

42. CYCLIC
ETHERS

43. Cyclic ethers
contain ether
functional groups as
part of a ring system.

44. ETHYLENE
OXIDE

45. TETRAHYDROFURAN
(THF)

46. FURAN

47. PYRAN

48. HETEROCYCLIC
ORGANIC
COMPOUND

49. Is a cyclic organic
compound in which one
or more of the carbon
atoms in the ring have
been replaced with atoms
of other elements.