Submission Id 27e3ddd5-154f-46ec-b21e-85fd8baf03eb14 SIM.docx

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Antitrust Case 10.docx
Summary
Running head: ANTITRUST CASE ANALYSIS
Ant it rust Case Analysis
course legal and Et hical Principles in Healt h Care (HLT520 -
O500)
Grand Canyon Universit y
Int roduct ion
Ant it rust laws are highly helpful for prot ect ing t he int erest
of t he cust omers and it
also helps for prevent ing unfair t rade pract ices and policies.
Bot h Federal and st at e

government s are giving more import ance t o ant it rust laws
for ensuring t he healt hy
compet it ion among t he business groups and for prot ect ing t
he right s of t he
cust omers. We know t he fact t hat , business is not for short
t erm period, t he main
object ive of business is t o exist long t ime in t he market and
gain maximum profit .
When t hey plan t heir operat ions for a long period of t ime, in
order for get t ing bet t er
ret urns t hey will manipulat e account s and shows illegal
corporat e behavior. According
t o t he words of Kirat (2019) while analyzing t he performance
of more t han 500 firms in
US, most of t he firms are involved in t he unet hical act ivit
ies and behavior for
improving t heir market share and income level (Kirat et al
2019). It is t he dut y of t he
government aut horit ies t o prot ect t he right s of t he cust
omers in a product ive way. In
t his research paper we are analyzing t hree different cases and
we also considering
t he impact of each case on t he power brokers and t he law.
The t hree ant it rust laws

cases are;
1. U.S. V. NETBRANDS MEDIA CORP
2. Unit ed St at es v. Pet er Levashov
3. Unit ed St at es v Hecker et al
U.S. V. NETBRANDS MEDIA CORP
· Case Open Dat e: 24/01/2019
· Case Type: Criminal
· Case Violat ion: Price Fixing – Horizont al
We know t he fact t hat laws rest rict t he companies t o
involve in illegal price fixing for
+ gerund: considering
-dash.: – —
t heir different product s and services. While analyzing t he

case of Net brands we can
underst and t hat t he company earned income by charging
illegal prices for t heir
promot ional product s. The company violat ed Sherman Ant it
rust Act , 15 U.S.C. § 1
(Chen et al 2016) and t he company engaged in different
illegal act ivit ies for promot ing
t he product s. The court verdict was helped for eliminat ing t
he imperfect compet it ion
and illegal pricing. The company is not allowed t o fix
different prices for t he product in
US and elsewhere. The company has t o follow t he pricing st
andards and policies and
t hey have t o provide genuine informat ion t o t he cust omers.
Impact of t he Case
While analyzing t he case we can underst and t hat t he part ies
was engaged in fixing
illegal pricing and t he court verdict result ed in eliminat ing t
he compet it ion and sale of
t he product s of t he company. In a meet ing t hey discussed
and agreed t o fix and
maint ain prices for t he online sale of cust omized promot ional
product s in t he Unit ed

St at es and elsewhere. They also agreed t o sell t he product s
at collusive and
noncompet it ive prices. The defendant and co-conspirat ors
also agreed t o accept t he
payment for cust omized promot ional product s at collusive
and noncompet it ive
prices. It is t he dut y of t he healt hcare leader t o underst and
t he various problems
faced by t he cust omers and healt hcare leader has t o act as
agent and mediat or for
t he cust omers in a product ive way. Based on t he changes in t
he market condit ion t he
healt hcare leaders has t o underst and t he needs and int erest
of t he cust omers. While
analyzing t he case we can underst and t hat t he company and
it s part ners failed t o
follow t he rules and regulat ions and t hey cheat ed t he cust
omers by charging illegal
price for t he promot ional product s. As per t he criminal law t
he company and it s
part ners are involved in serious crime and t he company spent
lot s of money for
managing t he business and ot her relat ed issues. It is t he
responsibilit y of t he

healt hcare leaders t o cope wit h t he changes and int roduce
product ive policies and
pract ices for prot ect ing t he right s of t he cust omers in a
product ive way.
They have t o carefully analyses t he act ivit ies of t he
defendant and co-conspirat ors.
The leaders also have t o underst and t he impact of t hese act
ivit ies among t he
agent s, employees and ot her st akeholders.
Unit ed St at es v. Pet er Levashov
· Case Violat ion: Fraud and relat ed act ivit y in connect ion
wit h comput ers
Pet er Levashov was charged for creat ing different online
forums and malicious
soft ware’s for hacking t he personal informat ion and ot her det
ails. While analsying t he
case we can underst and t hat Pet er used Kelihos bot net for
hacking t he personal
informat ion, passwords and email address. He also creat ed
different soft ware’s and
ot her t ools for collect ing informat ion from different comput

ers. He also dist ribut ed
malware and it creat ed problems for different comput ers and
people (Traut man et al
2018). From t he case we can underst and t hat t he defendant t
ried t o creat e damage
for t he people in different st at es. He used t he personal and
professional informat ion
of ot hers for gaining income. They used Kelihos bot net as an
effect ive t ool for
generat ing income and t hey also used t he t ool for cheat ing t
he people in different
places.
We know t he fact t hat it is t he dut y if t he government t o
implement effect ive
policies for prot ect ing t he personal informat ion of t he
people. In t his case we can
underst and t hat t he defendant used different IT t ools and
met hods for sending spam
mails and for creat ing malicious soft ware’s and t ools.
Thousands of comput er users
faced different problems due t o illegal act ivit y of Pet er
Levashov. He also hacked t he
credit card informat ion of different users. Spanish police
officer helped FBI for

ident ifying t he criminal and t hey also provided different
informat ion about cyber-
crimes commit t ed by Pet er. Pet er Levashov operat ed t he
Kelihos bot net and
advert ised spam and ot her malware disseminat ion services via
t he bot net t o ot hers
for purchase. He also creat ed online dashboard for cont rolling
and managing t he
Kelihos bot net .
Impact of t he Case
The act ivit y of t he Pet er creat ed different problems t o t he
people in t he count ry.
Pet er knowingly cause t he t ransmission of a program,
informat ion, code, and
tive way

-crimes
-co…
asion
command, and, as a result of such conduct , int ent ionally

cause damage, and
at t empt ed t o cause damage, wit hout aut horizat ion, t o a
prot ect ed comput er, in
violat ion of Tit le 18, Unit ed St at es Code, Sect ion
1030(a)(5)(A). Kelihos bot net
obt ained and verified, and at t empt ed t o obt ain and verify,
credent ials, including email
addresses, user names and logins, passwords, and ot her means
of ident ificat ion from
infect ed comput ers. The healt hcare leader needs t o underst
and t hat any worker or
officer of t he hospit als charged if t hey find conversing in t he
t ender t o awards cert ain
companies or individuals. As t he healt hcare leader, one would
handle t he case wit h
det erminat ion. If t he workers who worked for t he company
engaged in t he t ype of
conduct , one must t ake legal act ions against t hem immediat
ely. While analyzing t he
case we can underst and t hat Pet er creat ed different personal
and professional
problems t o t he people. Therefore, t he healt hcare leader has t
o crit ically evaluat e and
analyze t he act ivit ies of each employee in t he organizat ion.

Unit ed St at es v Hecker et al
· Case Violat ion: Bank Fraud, St olen Mail and Ident it y Theft
The Defendant s, Amber Rose Hecker, Ronald Travis Hecker,
and Richard Kelly Hoglin,
charged for obt aining funds t o which t hey were not ent it led
by using checks st olen
from t he mail, and st olen ident ificat ion and bank cards obt
ained t hrough t heft and
vehicle break-ins, t o forge and falsely alt er t he st olen checks
t o deposit t hem in t he
account s associat ed wit h t he st olen ident it ies and t hen
make cash wit hdrawals. The
defendant s did knowingly use, wit hout lawful aut horit y, a
means of ident ificat ion of
anot her person during and in relat ion t o t he commission of
Bank Fraud, knowing t hat
t he means of ident ificat ion belonged t o anot her act ual
person, wit h t he unlawful use
of anot her’s ident it y. The defendant s cheat ed different cust
omers and people and

t hey earned income by using anot her person ident it y
Impact of t he Case
The defendant and co-conspirat ors engaged in different illegal
act ivit ies and it
affect ed personal lives of t he people in t he count ry.
Defendant and co-conspirat ors
has t o maint ain a single account syst em and t hey have t o
use t his account for
managing t heir personal expenses and ot her relat ed aspect s.
They also have t o
at t end different cognit ive skills programs and t hey agreed t o
provide all t he financial
informat ion t o t he prohibit ion officer. The defendant s also
agreed t o submit all t he
personal informat ion about his employment and ot her det
ails. The defendant s is also
liable t o pay t he compensat ion for t he affect ed people and t
hey also agreed t o obey
t he rules and regulat ions. If t he defendant s failed t o submit
t he personal informat ion
and ot her det ails t o t he officers, may grounds for t he revocat
ion of supervision. The
leaders have t o implement effect ive syst em for underst
anding t he fraudulent

act ivit ies and plans. Illegal act ivit ies always creat e problems
t o t he employees,
agent s and ot her st akeholders. It is t he dut y of t he leaders t
o underst and t he
different problems t hat affect t he funct ioning of t he
organizat ion. They also have t o
collect t he feedback from t he employees for underst anding t
he effect iveness of
different policies and pract ices.
References
Chen, P. H. (2016). Joinder of Unrelat ed Infringers as
Defendant s in Pat ent Lit igat ion
Under t he Jurisprudence of t he Unit ed St at es Dist rict Court
for t he East ern Dist rict of
Texas-A Crit ical Review. J. Pat . & Trademark Off. Soc'y, 98,
155.
Kirat , T., & Mart y, F. (2019). The lat e emerging consensus
among American economist s
on ant it rust laws in t he Second New Deal (No. 2019s-12).
CIRANO.
Traut man, L. J., & Ormerod, P. (2018). Wannacry,
Ransomware, and t he Emerging Threat
t o Corporat ions. Available at SSRN 3238293.

-ndil/press-…
-ak/page/file…
et al.
Running head: ANTITRUST CASE ANALYSIS

Antitrust Case Analysis
course legal and Ethical Principles in Health Care (HLT520 -
O500)
Grand Canyon University
Introduction
Antitrust laws are highly helpful for protecting the interest of
the customers and it also helps for preventing unfair trade
practices and policies. Both Federal and state governments are
giving more importance to antitrust laws for ensuring the
healthy competition among the business groups and for
protecting the rights of the customers. We know the fact that,
business is not for short term period, the main objective of
business is to exist long time in the market and gain maximum
profit. When they plan their operations for a long period of
time, in order for getting better returns they will manipulate
accounts and shows illegal corporate behavior. According to
the words of Kirat (2019) while analyzing the performance of
more than 500 firms in US, most of the firms are involved in the
unethical activities and behavior for improving their market
share and income level (Kirat et al 2019). It is the duty of the
government authorities to protect the rights of the customers in

a productive way. In this research paper we are analyzing three
different cases and we also considering the impact of each case
on the power brokers and the law. The three antitrust laws cases
are;
1. U.S. V. NETBRANDS MEDIA CORP
2. United States v. Peter Levashov
3. United States v Hecker et al
U.S. V. NETBRANDS MEDIA CORP
· Case Open Date: 24/01/2019
· Case Violation: Price Fixing – Horizontal
We know the fact that laws restrict the companies to involve in
illegal price fixing for their different products and services.
While analyzing the case of Netbrands we can understand that
the company earned income by charging illegal prices for their
promotional products. The company violated Sherman Antitrust
Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1 (Chen et al 2016) and the company engaged
in different illegal activities for promoting the products. The
court verdict was helped for eliminating the imperfect
competition and illegal pricing. The company is not allowed to
fix different prices for the product in US and elsewhere. The
company has to follow the pricing standards and policies and
they have to provide genuine information to the customers.
Impact of the Case
While analyzing the case we can understand that the parties was
engaged in fixing illegal pricing and the court verdict resulted
in eliminating the competition and sale of the products of the
company. In a meeting they discussed and agreed to fix and
maintain prices for the online sale of customized promotional
products in the United States and elsewhere. They also agreed
to sell the products at collusive and noncompetitive prices. The
defendant and co-conspirators also agreed to accept the payment
for customized promotional products at collusive and
noncompetitive prices. It is the duty of the healthcare leader to
understand the various problems faced by the customers and

healthcare leader has to act as agent and mediator for the
customers in a productive way. Based on the changes in the
market condition the healthcare leaders has to understand the
needs and interest of the customers. While analyzing the case
we can understand that the company and its partners failed to
follow the rules and regulations and they cheated the customers
by charging illegal price for the promotional products. As per
the criminal law the company and its partners are involved in
serious crime and the company spent lots of money for
managing the business and other related issues. It is the
responsibility of the healthcare leaders to cope with the changes
and introduce productive policies and practices for protecting
the rights of the customers in a productive way.
They have to carefully analyses the activities of the defendant
and co-conspirators. The leaders also have to understand the
impact of these activities among the agents, employees and
other stakeholders.
United States v. Peter Levashov
· Case Violation: Fraud and related activity in connection with
computers
Peter Levashov was charged for creating different online forums
and malicious software’s for hacking the personal information
and other details. While analsying the case we can understand
that Peter used Kelihos botnet for hacking the personal
information, passwords and email address. He also created
different software’s and other tools for collecting information
from different computers. He also distributed malware and it
created problems for different computers and people (Trautman
et al 2018). From the case we can understand that the defendant
tried to create damage for the people in different states. He used
the personal and professional information of others for gaining
income. They used Kelihos botnet as an effective tool for
generating income and they also used the tool for cheating the
people in different places.

We know the fact that it is the duty if the government to
implement effective policies for protecting the personal
information of the people. In this case we can understand that
the defendant used different IT tools and methods for sending
spam mails and for creating malicious software’s and tools.
Thousands of computer users faced different problems due to
illegal activity of Peter Levashov. He also hacked the credit
card information of different users. Spanish police officer
helped FBI for identifying the criminal and they also provided
different information about cyber-crimes committed by Peter.
Peter Levashov operated the Kelihos botnet and advertised spam
and other malware dissemination services via the botnet to
others for purchase. He also created online dashboard for
controlling and managing the Kelihos botnet.
Impact of the Case
The activity of the Peter created different problems to the
people in the country. Peter knowingly cause the transmission
of a program, information, code, and command, and, as a result
of such conduct, intentionally cause damage, and attempted to
cause damage, without authorization, to a protected computer,
in violation of Title 18, United States Code, Section
1030(a)(5)(A). Kelihos botnet obtained and verified, and
attempted to obtain and verify, credentials, including email
addresses, user names and logins, passwords, and other means
of identification from infected computers. The healthcare leader
needs to understand that any worker or officer of the hospitals
charged if they find conversing in the tender to awards certain
companies or individuals. As the healthcare leader, one would
handle the case with determination. If the workers who worked
for the company engaged in the type of conduct, one must take
legal actions against them immediately. While analyzing the
case we can understand that Peter created different personal and
professional problems to the people. Therefore, the healthcare
leader has to critically evaluate and analyze the activities of
each employee in the organization.
United States v Hecker et al

· Case Violation: Bank Fraud, Stolen Mail and Identity Theft
The Defendants, Amber Rose Hecker, Ronald Travis Hecker,
and Richard Kelly Hoglin, charged for obtaining funds to which
they were not entitled by using checks stolen from the mail, and
stolen identification and bank cards obtained through theft and
vehicle break-ins, to forge and falsely alter the stolen checks to
deposit them in the accounts associated with the stolen
identities and then make cash withdrawals. The defendants did
knowingly use, without lawful authority, a means of
identification of another person during and in relation to the
commission of Bank Fraud, knowing that the means of
identification belonged to another actual person, with the
unlawful use of another’s identity. The defendants cheated
different customers and people and they earned income by using
another person identity
Impact of the Case
The defendant and co-conspirators engaged in different illegal
activities and it affected personal lives of the people in the
country. Defendant and co-conspirators has to maintain a single
account system and they have to use this account for managing
their personal expenses and other related aspects. They also
have to attend different cognitive skills programs and they
agreed to provide all the financial information to the prohibition
officer. The defendants also agreed to submit all the personal
information about his employment and other details. The
defendants is also liable to pay the compensation for the
affected people and they also agreed to obey the rules and
regulations. If the defendants failed to submit the personal
information and other details to the officers, may grounds for
the revocation of supervision. The leaders have to implement
effective system for understanding the fraudulent activities and
plans. Illegal activities always create problems to the
employees, agents and other stakeholders. It is the duty of the
leaders to understand the different problems that affect the

functioning of the organization. They also have to collect the
feedback from the employees for understanding the
effectiveness of different policies and practices.
References
Chen, P. H. (2016). Joinder of Unrelated Infringers as
Defendants in Patent Litigation Under the Jurisprudence of the
United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas-A
Critical Review. J. Pat. & Trademark Off. Soc'y, 98, 155.
Kirat, T., & Marty, F. (2019). The late emerging consensus
among American economists on antitrust laws in the Second
New Deal (No. 2019s-12). CIRANO.
Trautman, L. J., & Ormerod, P. (2018). Wannacry, Ransomware,
and the Emerging Threat to Corporations. Available at SSRN
3238293.

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