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The EURDEP system during the Fukushima accident:
  data analysis and information exchange and the
       radiological consequences for Europe

                 Marc De Cort, DG JRC, ITU E.08, Ispra
                      Peter Bossew, BfS, Berlin




 ITU - Institute for Transuranium Elements
 Ispra - Italy

 http://itu.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
 http://www.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
                                                         1
Content

 I. EC International information and data exchange
    systems
      - ECURIE, emergency response, information policy
      - EURDEP: dose rate, air monitors

 II. synopsis of observations in Europe
      -   radionuclide concentrations in air
      -   radionuclide ratios
      -   estimation methods
      -   fallout, foodstuff
      -   doses




AIRP Fukushima Convent, 14 September 2012. Varese        2
Part I:

 EC international information and data exchange
 systems




AIRP Fukushima Convent, 14 September 2012. Varese   3
Council Decision
 87/600

 • The ECURIE system is the practical implementation of the
   Council Decision 87/600. It is the early notification system for
   radiological accidents of the EC.
     When a Member State decides to take counter-measures, it
     shall forthwith notify the Commission and the affected MS’s
 •   This Council Decision was taken to assure a better
     preparedness and response to transboundary events as
     caused by the Chernobyl accident
 •   The Council Decision is binding for EU Member States and
     foresees that each country nominates a Contact Point (CP,
     24/7 available) and Competent Authority (CA). Other
     countries can subscribe on a voluntary basis.
 •   The Commission shall immediately forward notifications to all
     the national competent authorities (CA)
 •   Any MS will inform the Commission of the levels of
     radioactivity that it measures


AIRP Fukushima Convent, 14 September 2012. Varese               4
ECURIE <> IAEA


• The worldwide counterpart of ECURIE is the early notification
  system of the IAEA (EMERCON/ENATOM).
• Intense collaborations have resulted in the definition of a
  common data-format (International Radiological Information
  eXchange : IRIX) and an identical set of information to
  exchange during an event.
• The EC has signed the IAEA early notification convention.
• WebECURIE and USIE (IAEA) will both be compatible to the
  IRIX standards.

• Being able to use the same data-format for the EC and the IAEA
  reduces need for duplication, therefore the EU MSs are strongly
  facilitated in notifying the two organizations during an
  accident.




AIRP Fukushima Convent, 14 September 2012. Varese             5
European radiological
                                                                                      (status 2008)
monitoring networks

   Ambient dose-rate                                       Air concentration
   on-line stations: ±4500                  on-line stations: 236        off-line stations: 383




 AIRP Fukushima Convent, 14 September 2012. Varese                                                6
EURDEP - On-line
data base - WWW

♦ Internationally
  recognized standard
  format for radiological
  data;
♦ Network (35 European
  countries with 4500
  stations participating);
♦ daily and hourly
  transmissions, mostly γ-
  dose rates;
♦ Raw data available at 3
  mirror-sites (Ispra, Italy
  – Freiburg, Germany –
  Luxembourg)
♦ Web-site to view and
  download data.




http://eurdep.jrc.ec.europa.eu
 AIRP Fukushima Convent, 14 September 2012. Varese   7
Data availability
        • To all data-providers
        • National and international governmental
          Organizations related to emergency response
        • Some exceptions for research
          – Authorization by EC and/or IAEA
          – Authorization by national Contact Point
          – Reference to data-providers
        • Public web-site
          – Country imposed delay
          – No download of data
          – No meteo-data




AIRP Fukushima Convent, 14 September 2012. Varese       8
IRMIS / EURDEP relation
        • EURDEP technology available to IAEA

            – Web-site with configuration file to run as
              EURDEP private, EURDEP public, IRMIS private,
              IRMIS public

            – Further development by EC / JRC

            – IAEA is part of decision making structure to
              define future requirements

            – All data collected under EURDEP is available at
              IRMIS, all data collected under IRMIS is
              available at EURDEP
AIRP Fukushima Convent, 14 September 2012. Varese               9
Part II:

 Observations in Europe after the accident in
 Fukushima Daiichi NPP




AIRP Fukushima Convent, 14 September 2012. Varese   10
11
Arrival of contaminated
air in Europe
•   Earthquake:
    11 Mar 2011, 14:46;       Approximate
                              passage date
    Tsunami ca. 15:27         of the
•   Explosions, venting       maximum
                              concentration      2500000

•   First notice in Europe:   of 131I (part.).
                              Scale: days
    CTBTO Reykjavik           after 20 March     2000000
    (Iceland), 20/21 Mar 11   2011. Axis                18
                              units: m.
•   Maxima in Europe:                            1500000
                                                        17 6 Apr 11

                                                       16
    27 Mar – 6 April 11                                 15

                                                        14
                                                 1000000
                                                       13

                                                        12 1 Apr 11

                                                        11
                                                  500000
                                                       10

                                                        9

                                                       8
                                 source: IRSN


                                                       0
                                                       7 27 Mar 11

                                                        6


                                                  -500000




                                                 -1000000




                                                             -1500000   -1000000   -500000   0   500000   1000000   1500000

                                                                                                                    12
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04 de cort

  • 1. The EURDEP system during the Fukushima accident: data analysis and information exchange and the radiological consequences for Europe Marc De Cort, DG JRC, ITU E.08, Ispra Peter Bossew, BfS, Berlin ITU - Institute for Transuranium Elements Ispra - Italy http://itu.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ http://www.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ 1
  • 2. Content I. EC International information and data exchange systems - ECURIE, emergency response, information policy - EURDEP: dose rate, air monitors II. synopsis of observations in Europe - radionuclide concentrations in air - radionuclide ratios - estimation methods - fallout, foodstuff - doses AIRP Fukushima Convent, 14 September 2012. Varese 2
  • 3. Part I: EC international information and data exchange systems AIRP Fukushima Convent, 14 September 2012. Varese 3
  • 4. Council Decision 87/600 • The ECURIE system is the practical implementation of the Council Decision 87/600. It is the early notification system for radiological accidents of the EC. When a Member State decides to take counter-measures, it shall forthwith notify the Commission and the affected MS’s • This Council Decision was taken to assure a better preparedness and response to transboundary events as caused by the Chernobyl accident • The Council Decision is binding for EU Member States and foresees that each country nominates a Contact Point (CP, 24/7 available) and Competent Authority (CA). Other countries can subscribe on a voluntary basis. • The Commission shall immediately forward notifications to all the national competent authorities (CA) • Any MS will inform the Commission of the levels of radioactivity that it measures AIRP Fukushima Convent, 14 September 2012. Varese 4
  • 5. ECURIE <> IAEA • The worldwide counterpart of ECURIE is the early notification system of the IAEA (EMERCON/ENATOM). • Intense collaborations have resulted in the definition of a common data-format (International Radiological Information eXchange : IRIX) and an identical set of information to exchange during an event. • The EC has signed the IAEA early notification convention. • WebECURIE and USIE (IAEA) will both be compatible to the IRIX standards. • Being able to use the same data-format for the EC and the IAEA reduces need for duplication, therefore the EU MSs are strongly facilitated in notifying the two organizations during an accident. AIRP Fukushima Convent, 14 September 2012. Varese 5
  • 6. European radiological (status 2008) monitoring networks Ambient dose-rate Air concentration on-line stations: ±4500 on-line stations: 236 off-line stations: 383 AIRP Fukushima Convent, 14 September 2012. Varese 6
  • 7. EURDEP - On-line data base - WWW ♦ Internationally recognized standard format for radiological data; ♦ Network (35 European countries with 4500 stations participating); ♦ daily and hourly transmissions, mostly γ- dose rates; ♦ Raw data available at 3 mirror-sites (Ispra, Italy – Freiburg, Germany – Luxembourg) ♦ Web-site to view and download data. http://eurdep.jrc.ec.europa.eu AIRP Fukushima Convent, 14 September 2012. Varese 7
  • 8. Data availability • To all data-providers • National and international governmental Organizations related to emergency response • Some exceptions for research – Authorization by EC and/or IAEA – Authorization by national Contact Point – Reference to data-providers • Public web-site – Country imposed delay – No download of data – No meteo-data AIRP Fukushima Convent, 14 September 2012. Varese 8
  • 9. IRMIS / EURDEP relation • EURDEP technology available to IAEA – Web-site with configuration file to run as EURDEP private, EURDEP public, IRMIS private, IRMIS public – Further development by EC / JRC – IAEA is part of decision making structure to define future requirements – All data collected under EURDEP is available at IRMIS, all data collected under IRMIS is available at EURDEP AIRP Fukushima Convent, 14 September 2012. Varese 9
  • 10. Part II: Observations in Europe after the accident in Fukushima Daiichi NPP AIRP Fukushima Convent, 14 September 2012. Varese 10
  • 11. 11
  • 12. Arrival of contaminated air in Europe • Earthquake: 11 Mar 2011, 14:46; Approximate passage date Tsunami ca. 15:27 of the • Explosions, venting maximum concentration 2500000 • First notice in Europe: of 131I (part.). Scale: days CTBTO Reykjavik after 20 March 2000000 (Iceland), 20/21 Mar 11 2011. Axis 18 units: m. • Maxima in Europe: 1500000 17 6 Apr 11 16 27 Mar – 6 April 11 15 14 1000000 13 12 1 Apr 11 11 500000 10 9 8 source: IRSN 0 7 27 Mar 11 6 -500000 -1000000 -1500000 -1000000 -500000 0 500000 1000000 1500000 12