Developed by María Jesús Campos Fernández, teacher in a bilingual section in Alcorcón (Madrid)
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2. Geopolitics
Studies how society is organised in relation
to geographic space.
Focuses on the study of states, how they
exercise their sovereignty, their relations
with other states, supranational
organizations, etc.
6. The State
has the
right to
power
Establishes laws
Ensures compliance with laws
Maintains order within the territory
Protects the territory from foreign threats
Collects taxes and provides public
services and general infrastructure
Runs and regulates the economy
Establishes international relations with other states
9. The state works thanks to the administration (different
organisations dedicated to different functions, such as justice, health,
education, finance, public works…)
Politicians
Civil
Servants
13. Democracy
The people have
sovereignty
(citizens vote to
elect the
government):
Direct Democracy
Representative
Democracy
Rule of law:
Constitution
Separation of
powers:
- Parliament:
Legislative functions
- Government:
Executive functions
- Judicial courts and
Judges: Judicial
functions
Freedom of
expression and
different political
parties.
14. Legislative power (Parliament)
•Makes laws
•Controls the executive branch
•Approves general proposals
•Chooses the president (depends on the country)
Executive power (The Government)
•Regulates and executes laws
•Establishes the government’s priorities and objectives
•Rules over the country
Judicial power (The Courts and Judges)
•Have judicial independence
•Arbitrate in conflicts
•Punish people and institutions that do not obey the law
