Scientific Ethics And Scientific Research

Scientific Ethics And Scientific Research
Scientific research is a broad range of activities undertaken in systematic ways to advance
knowledge and understandings. It benefits society based on the expectation that researches are
conducted honestly, accurately and fairly. According to the conventional view, scientific research is
a highly logical process, conducted objectively by scientists, inspected by peer scrutiny. However, it
is not unusual that researchers fail to fulfill the expectation, which will be considered as scientific
misconduct. Currently, scientific misconduct is defined as "fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in
proposing, performing, or reviewing research, or in reporting research results".
1. Fabrication, sometimes referred as "dry labbing", is an intentional behavior to make up results for
experiments that never occurs, which considered as highly unethical.
2. Falsification is defined as publishing misleading facts of experimentations or results, researchers
wilfully distort results to support hypothesis.
3. Plagiarism is often referred to pass other person's ideas, results or words without giving
appropriate credit.
These misconducts have significant effects. They will waste money and other resources, might even
pose potential risk to human health. In recent scandals such as Haruko Obokata's falsified results in
STAP cells and Jan Hendrik Schön's fabricated results in semiconductors, misconducts are not only
debarred those scientists, also damaged the pristine image of science and
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Problem Of Police Misconduct
The problem of police misconduct related to sexual violence against women has affected the
Kenyan community for many decades now. The issue concerning women security should be handled
with caution so as to achieve the goal of gender equality in Kenya and the world as a whole.
Disturbing statistics reveal how misuse of power by the police worsened the awful conditions that
faced women. The police unit is supposed to protect all members of the societies that were closely
linked to the sexual violence against women. Some of the sexual abuse cases reported to the police
were easily overlooked with the police collaborating with the offenders to undermine the rights of
women. Besides, the police in their peacekeeping missions exerted excess force against unarmed
civilians. The males received thorough beatings, while females were intimidated, harassed, and
raped by the police. Victims of sexual violence committed by the police during the post–election
violence have the right to get their justice through punishment of the guilty police and compensation
for their losses.
Background to the Problem
During depressing periods of civil unrest and war, it is women and children who suffer most of the
crimes against humanity that include rape, physical mutilation, and even death. Women are
perceived as weak and an inferior sex in most societies. Therefore, the women are vulnerable to all
sorts of social and psychological turmoil associated with the effects of brutal sexual experiences.

Hunting Ground Case Study
Despite all the effort through campaigns, rallies and a dozen posters to prevent sexual harassment it
has continued to be a big issue in the United States. Sexual harassment is especially widespread
issue in college campuses, according to the AAUW Educational Foundation, 62% of female students
and 61% of male student's report having been victims of this form of abuse. Where most of the
harassment reports are not involving physical contact, nevertheless about one–third of students are
victims of physical harassment. NOVA is strives to insure safety to its students and stuff, to do so
different Departments are working to prevent, investigate, bring justice and help victims of sexual
misconducts. According to the Nova campus police website, if ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Last semester NOVA women's center organized to show the film the "hunting Ground" which lead
to a discussion about the reality of sexual assault on campuses. This event will be continual and
there will be another event in May. Even though such events are something to be appreciated the
fact remains more needs to be done. NOVA needs to incorporate trainings and programs into the
school system to educate its students on reporting, preventing and build better understanding of
sexual harassment in general. Even though traditional programs are not something to be disregarded
the statistical data we have is a proof that more change is needed. The climate survey findings will
highlight what is urgent and critical to the NOVA community. While the survey will tell us, what is
happening in our campuses the mandatory trainings will work towards addressing the issue of why
sexual misconducts are happening at the current rate. Other schools – including the University of
Nebraska at Omaha, Kansas University, the Montana University system, Portland State University,
Georgetown University and the University of California–Berkeley – have made sexual assault
awareness training programs mandatory for students according to an article by USNEWS. Elon
University in North Carolina, for example, students must take a course online before they even
reach campus that walks them through the ethics of relationship and alcohol's effect on behavior.
"You can't do a one–time program and expect it to make a difference," says Ruth Anne Koenick,
director of the Office for Violence Prevention and Victim Assistance at Rutgers, the State University
of New Jersey–New Brunswick. As these schools reevaluated their way of dealing with sexual
violence and changed their approach a decrease in sexual violence has been reported on their

Essay On Police Misconduct
The Battle of Police Misconduct
The war on crime fought on the streets is far too often waged against innocent individuals unaware
of, or intimidated into surrendering their constitutional rights. Police officers often make bad
judgment calls on a possible offender and resort to using more force than needed. With the two
parties involved in the situation, misunderstandings of communication play's a major role in why
police misconduct is becoming more and more of an issue. As minority citizens are victims of police
brutality on a daily basis, it does not stop there. The juveniles and lower class citizens are also
victims of excessive force. Even we could be a victim. It is important to pay as much attention as
possible to social issues including ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
From April 2009 to June 2010, 23.3% of the 2,541 reports of police misconduct were only police
brutality, and 13% of the police brutality reports were fatalities (Freeman, 2011).
Police brutality, also known as police use of excessive force, is different from reasonable force.
Furthermore, some individuals think that police brutality should be used to control the crimes and
illegal acts, but I am totally against police brutality. It violates the trust between the public,
MONTOYA 2 police officers, and the law. Police officers have more powers than the average
citizen; they have the power to arrest, seize property, and use deadly force. Many officers have
abused these powers, and when they do, you would think they would be fired and prosecuted, right?
Wrong.
In most of these cases, officers have only been suspended or given probation, this seems like a
minor punishment for such an unjustifiable crime. Police officers have gotten above the law and are
now able to abuse their powers as they wish.
For example, in the Northern District of Georgia, in which Atlanta is located, federal prosecutors
declined to prosecute nearly 80 percent of police brutality cases. At the heart

Wrongful Convictions And The Criminal Justice System
This paper takes a leap into the corrupted side of the criminal justice system. After analyzing several
articles regarding wrongful conviction cases in the Unites States, it is apparent that wrongful
conviction cases occur more often than society believed. It has come to surface in recent years that
wrongful convictions are a big problem with our criminal justice system. Researchers have
discovered the causes of wrongful convictions to be bad lawyering, government misconduct,
informants, false confessions, flawed forensic science and eyewitness error. Furthermore, this paper
explores the affects victims face due to a wrongful conviction. As society has begun to steadily
realize that miscarriage of justice is a possibility, researchers have considered reforms to the
criminal justice system. Wrongful Convictions in the Criminal Justice System During recent studies
from several researchers it has been concluded that there is a fault within our criminal justice
system. Researchers discovered there is a high wrongful conviction rate within the United States
judicial system. After, extensive research, it was found that wrongful convictions are caused by
eyewitness error, false confessions, flawed forensic science, an informant, bad lawyering, and
government misconduct. Without a doubt, this issue has shocked society, due to the fact we rely on
the system for pure justice. Within my findings, it is apparent that victims of wrongful convictions
suffer numerous affects when

Police Misconduct And The Police
"Hands up, don't shoot!" This quote went viral after unarmed Michael Brown, was killed by St.
Louis police. A person is considered unarmed if he or she is not in possession of a weapon at the
time of the shooting or was holding an object unlikely to inflict serious injury, such as a stick or a
broom handle (Somashekhar). The killing of this young man went viral after video footage shows
him with his hands in the air, surrendering, and the police piercing his body with twelve bullet
wounds. This incident has lead to the question of, "What do we do now to protect our civilians from
this brutal police conduct?" Many introduced the idea of Police Body Cameras, which is proven to
allow police misconduct to be reduced. This technology has been verified to reveal instances of
police misconduct, build trust between the police and the community, and to give video evidence to
improve the ability to prosecute cases.
For every 1,000 people killed by police, only one officer is convicted of a crime("5 facts").
According to Washington Post, "On April 11, 2015, officer Coleman "Duke" Brackney was on the
way to check out a drunk driver, after finding him, the driver encountered a chase before running
into a ditch. Brackney, then accused the man of trying to back his car up and run him over shot the
man in the back through the back window of the car, killing 47 year old James Ahern." He was
charged with felony manslaughter but eventually enter a plea to a lesser charge and was to be left

Officer's Misconduct
I have currently researched the current level of officer's misconduct. I found in my research that in
many states today that if an officer is found guilty of misconduct they are placed on administration
leave sometimes with pay and other times without pay depending on the situation until an
investigation is complete. Now once that officer is found guilty in some situation their employment
is terminated and charges may be filed. Rather than terminated the officer right then and find out
that they are not guilty and risk being sued they have put this process in place to stop that from
happen. Therefore, if the evidence comes back that the office is in fact guilty they are terminate
immediately but if not they are returned to full duty with pay. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Once an officer is hired by the agency he or she would have to attend the training before they could
be place on the floors to work or oversee the inmates. Although, there may be times when an office
may be accused of misconduct there will be an investigation on the office to see if misconduct did
happen. Once the investigation is complete he or she would have to go through the training again to
ensure that they are aware of all the rules and any new rule that may apply to them since the last
time they were certified or recertified. Furthermore, the training would be conducted by an outside
agency that has no form of affiliation with our agency so there would be no question about us just
passing the officers through the training in order for the to maintain their job. Therefore, when the
agency is chosen to conduct this training the warden and deputy warden will have a meeting with
them to discuss the standard operating processors of the prison on a daily basis in order to prove the
most appropriate training for everyone to include the warden and deputy

Police Misconduct
Police Misconduct
American Intercontinental University
English paper
Latarrace Johnson
8/25/2013
ABSTRACT
Police misconduct is currently on the rise in many cities. Police misconduct can be define as false
confession, false arrest, falsified of evidence and lying under the oath. For many years police crimes
have went unreported and punishments are never given. We now have to put an end to these
wrongful duties taken by police officers around the world.
Have you ever experience police brutality or discrimination? Have you ever heard the police officers
lying under the oath? All of these are some examples of police misconduct. Police misconduct is
illegal actions performed by the police officers. Theses wrongful duties can ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The officers than began to search the home after finding that there was no drugs in the home and
that they had the wrong home. The officers planted drugs in Kathryn basement while she is dying
but stairs, after the shooting the same three officers met up at an unknown location to talk about
what happen, so that they could all have one story. The paperwork from the investigations stated
drugs was from in the home had been false. During the investigation the three officers admitted to
lying when they submitted drugs they found in Kathryn home. The three officers was charged
manslaughter and sentence to five, six, and ten years.
In 2006 (Chicago), An 21 year old lady was arrested for erratic behavior at the airport. The
commander instructed the officers to take Christina Eilman to the hospital where she can have a
psychiatric evaluation. The officers instead took her to jail where she was release the following day
into one of the cities highest crime area. Christina wander into a high–rise of the Robert Taylor
homes where she was rape and thrown from the seventh floor window. Christina suffered from
severe brain injury, shattered pelvis and collapse lung. The injuries have left Christina mentally
impaired for the rest of her life. In the mid to late 1900's the code of silence was introduce to the
police officers, The police officers live and work under a code of silence called the blue code of
silence in the United States. The blue code

Police Misconduct In America
Fair and equal treatment is a widely accepted aspiration of most Americans, but to this day is still a
work in progress. It's naive to say police misconduct isn't an issue, even more so to say that young
African American men aren't unreasonably marginalized and targeted. This is something we need to
take action towards and make a change if we expect anything about this to change. Police are not the
enemy, the majority of police are well trained and RESPECTFUL OF THE PEOPLE, but that is not
to make light of very serious problems regarding police brutality, false statements, racial profiling,
manslaughter, sexual assault, and much much more among the minority of officers. They are meant
to prevent crime, protect and serve, and enforce the law. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It's become socially accepted that officers tend to target black people more than white people. Which
isn't untrue. This leads people to think, if the same exact scenario was done, but one involved a
white teen and one a black teen, then would there still be the same result? Black people, as Barack
Obama stated, are "disproportionately involved in the criminal justice system; They're
disproportionately both victims and perpetrators of violence" His point being that Statistically,
young African Americans are moreEXPOSED TO violent, and are more likely to commit a crime.
That isn't some bigoted statement said to further perpetuate hate throughout society, that's just the
facts. But, that with that in mind, people tend to use that to judge all African Americans as if they
are all immediately criminals just for being black. African Americans can trace this type of
disgusting generalization of a race of people back to their difficult past in America. It's fair to say a
majority of crime caused by African Americans happens in poor black neighborhoods, and once
again, those communities can trace their origin back to its very rough historical beginning, which
explains some of the poverty and dysfunction that still is tragically deeply embedded into their
culture starting out in America. However, what might surprise some people

Police misconduct essay
Thomas Mark Criminal Justice 105 Police Misconduct What is police misconduct? It can be defined
as any action performed by a law enforcement officer that is unethical by established employment
guidelines, unconstitutional, or a crime with in itself. When people hear the term "police
misconduct" they automatically think of a police officer using unnecessary force against a civilian.
While that is a form of police misconduct it is not only form. Throughout this paper I will bring light
to the many types of police misconduct that can happen in the law enforcement industry. While
being a police officer, you have guidelines and rules that you need to follow just as if you worked as
a chef or even a sales associate you have rules ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This can happen in the form of beating a person while making the arrest or using any unnecessary
force against the person. Sometimes police beatings can be racially based or can happen due to an
argument between the officer and the person. The use of excessive force in the law enforcement
industry is not tolerated in any form. If a police officer is found guilty in using unnecessary force on
a person they will be terminated from their job. Using unnecessary force is one of the more know
types of police misconduct being that when excessive force is used on a person there is normally
charges pressed on the officer and the case is brought into court and therefore into the media.
Another type of police misconduct is sexual harassment. This would be when a officer sexually
harasses a male or female individual. Most sexual harassment case are from a male officer to a
female victim. Some police officers like to take advantage of their authority and will go as far to
rape individuals just because they feel that the fact that they are a police officer, they will be able to
get away with it. A report done in 2010 showed that 6,613 law enforcement officers throughout the
United States were involved with police misconduct. 9.3% was sexual harassment charges of police
misconduct. Officer–involved sexual misconduct describes an entire subset of police misconduct
that includes non criminal complaints such as consensual sexual activity that occurs while an officer
is on–duty,

Professional Misconduct
PROFESSIONAL MISCONDUCT By: Mrs. Surbhi Bansal M.Com., FCA Sec.2 (2): Members
deemed to be in practice: If he i) Engages himself in practice of accountancy, or (ii) Offers to
perform audit related services or holds himself out to the public as an accountant, or (iii) Renders
professional service or assistance in Matters of accountant interest etc., or, (iv) Renders such other
services which as per opinion of the council, to be rendered by C.A. in practice. (Mgt. consultancy
service) Explanation : (1) C.A. who is salaried employer of C.A. in practice shall be deemed to be in
practice for limited purposes of training articled clerk. (2) C.A. shall be deemed to be in practice if
he, in his ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Section 27 : Maintenance of Branch office : Office: Where name Board of firm is affixed or which is
described as place of business on any professional stationary. Thus a C.A can have a name plate of
himself describing him as Chartered Accountant but not that of the firm at his place of residence, as
it will be construed as branch As a general rule, Each one of such offices should be in separate
charge of a member of Institute. Exception (No separate in charge is needed) |For member practicing
is Hilly Areas |For all members | |(i) In plains for period [pic]3 months in winter season, & |(i) If
second office is located in same | |(ii) Temporary office not to be mentioned as place of Business &
|accommodation or premises or | |Correspondence continue at permanent office, &. |(ii) If second
office is located in same city, or | |Before coming to plains in every winter & | | |at close of such
office in plains, inform ICAI. |(iii) If second office is Located within 50

Assessing Public Confidence In Criminal Justice System
Today in society the view of police officers varies from person to person, but here is the central idea
and responsibilities of what officers are supposed to be viewed as. They are those who play a central
peacekeeping role in our cities/ communities. Their purpose in the government is to protect and
serve and to deliver criminals into the hands of the law. Police are responsible for catching criminals
who threaten the livelihood, property and peace of other citizens. However, lately some police
officers becoming the criminals more and more. Some people might say in the past police were a
symbol of authority and power in a neighborhood for people of all ages, backgrounds and races.
Many criminals are deterred from committing foul actions if ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Police are the front–line agents of formal social control." Meaning that the job description of an
officer is to be legit by conforming to all rules, to be efficient by achieving maximum productivity
with minimum wasted effort or expense and to be fair by just treatment or behavior without
favoritism or discrimination. This cannot truly happen without the communication with citizens, but
as the introduction section points out "neighborhoods with high levels of disadvantage have poorer
attitudes towards the criminal justice system, with race being a strong predictor of attitudes towards
police." For example, in a district with a higher workload and higher crime rate (and high
incivilities) police may treat citizens differently, ignoring minor offenses, and focusing more on
serious offending in an effort to direct limited departmental resources more efficiently. Having that
negative response from officers then present why people have that negative feeling towards

Police Misconduct and Corruption
Week 1 Assignment
In order for a Police agency to prevent and deter Police misconduct, there must be a definition to
what actions and behaviors that the term will encompass. The term 'police corruption' has been used
to describe many activities: bribery; violence and brutality; fabrication and destruction of evidence;
racism; favoritism or nepotism. Many different scholars differ in their own examples of the
definition. Before attempting to the question of whether a precise definition is possible, it is worth
examining the range of activities that might be included within a broad discussion of corruption. In
(Bayley and Perito, 2011), it is defined as police corruption is a contested phrase with narrow and
broad meanings. Narrowly ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Reforming recruit training is the most common response among police agencies attempting to deal
with corruption. There is, in this regard, a straightforward link between training, competence and
malpractice/corruption. Straightforwardly, the better officers are at using legitimate means, the less
they will need to have recourse to illegitimate ones. Police agencies that train their officers, and
provide them with the resources they require to achieve the goals of the job legitimately should find
that its officers are less likely to fall into corruption or misconduct.
There have been several studies and implemented policies within agencies all over the world
directed to prevent and deter police misconduct / corruption. In the early 1990s, the Mollen
Commission of Inquiry revealed a serious police corruption problem in the New York City Police
Department (NYPD). One of the key recommendations of the commission was that their internal
investigative structure the Internal Affairs Bureau (IAB) be reconstituted as it had failed to
effectively tackle the problem. Almost a decade since the establishment of a new IAB, it is hailed as
a noteworthy example of how such a structure should operate if police corruption is to be adequately
dealt with. (Newham, 2003).
One additional strategy against Police misconduct that I would like to mention is the involvement of
departments in becoming accredited. The goal of the organization

Misconduct Summary
During the reading of Greyner and Lewis's article pertaining "Prevalence, Prediction, and
Prevention of Psychologist Misconduct written in 2012, the two complaints that I chose were poor
communication and confidentiality breaches (incompetence).Poor communication by an
psychologist is considered one of the most fatal, unprofessional concept of an pitfall that affects the
doctor and patient relationship rules in medicine because when this the patient will not be able to
understand their prognosis or the kind of treatment that they need to receive. The concept of having
unstable communication practices/skills on the doctor part have been notice for the simple fact that
doctor moral code of conduct are not being taught or implemented into the training process during
medical school and some doctors ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A patient will often reveal thoughts or deep inner secrets to his or her doctor that they have never
revealed to anyone else and these patients who express their darkest thought along with expression
that lurks deep within them. When the patient open up they will feel comfortable and the trusting
mechanism will kick in to disclose all relatable information/data. A confidentially breaches occurs
when a person tells information the is private without someone consent. A psychologist should
always take the necessary precautions to protect their patient information because they are held
liable and for some strange reason the patient information is breached or even leaks out a lawsuit
will be the next step for the patient. Confidentiality breaches can be stopped by taking all
appropriate precautions to prevent the patients' medical treatment/information from leaking out by
us as professional to keep our mouth closes. Make sure data is secure and follow the rules and
regulations according to the Ethical Principles of Psychologist and the Code of

Nursing Misconduct
The nurse's action of giving both doses at 1700, since she missed to give it at 0800, and recorded it
that they were given at prescribed times is an act of professional misconduct. In fact, according to
the College of Nurses of Ontario that "Inaccurate documentation or failure to document may put the
client's health in jeopardy" (College of Nurses of Ontario, pp 9). The nurse has the responsibility to
report any missed medications. Also, it is the nurse's responsibility to assure that every information
that is recorder on patient's file is truthful and accurate. Therefore, the nurse may undergo
investigations and could potentially loss or suspend her or his licence to practice once proven of his
professional misconduct. At any circumstances,

Police Brutality Using Necessary Force
Police Brutality
On May 29, 2013, a 14 year old boy was walking down the street with his puppy minding his own
business. About, seconds later cops arrived and the boy made eye contact with the cops. The boy
gave a weird look at the cops and the cops took him down to the ground. The cops were choking the
boy and the puppy got injured from the take down. Using unnecessary force to an innocent citizen
that has done nothing wrong is unacceptable. Police brutality I think are some of several problems in
our society. If you don't know what it is, police brutality is where a police officer uses unnecessary
force to a civilian. For example, when you are walking and you see police officer and you both
make eye contact, and give a mean look. The

AT & T Misconduct Essay
Yes, AT&T made the right decision by dropping their sponsorship of the US Gymnastics National
Team. They as a company should not face repercussions for things they had no knowledge of. They
expected the US Gymnastics National Team officials to handle any problems that arise, as they are
giving them millions of dollars to ensure their corporation name is being represented well by the
team. AT&T should not receive further punishment. However, MSU should face further
punishments for their silence. Any program that knows about some form of misconduct taking place
under their school or brand, should and must speak of it. As it was reported, "at least 14 Michigan
State University representatives received reports of sexual misconduct by Nassar in ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
"Did Michigan State Fail to Stop Larry Nassar like Penn State Did with Jerry Sandusky?" CNN,
Cable News Network, 1 Feb. 2018, www.cnn.com/2018/02/01/us/larry–nassar–michigan–state–
sandusky–penn/index.html. Gallagher, John. "Larry Nassar Scandal Could Cost Michigan State
University Millions."Detroit Free Press, Detroit Free Press, 28 Jan. 2018,
www.freep.com/story/money/business/john–gallagher/2018/01/26/larry–nassar–victims–michigan–
state/1062489001/. We as a society must ensure that small people and small companies are
comfortable to call out large corporations on their mistakes and wrongdoings. For example, when
Epipens raised their price the public jumped on them and as a result generac brands were created for
cheaper prices. As a result, the company lost large sums of money due to their stock price falling.1
The best punishment for a company or corporation is to boycott them and stop buying their products
until they change or fix what they're doing wrong. As a precaution, a law should be put in place that
states that any company that hides corruption must face multiple fines, the prices of the fines should
be based off the company's worth, to ensure real damage is being done. If guy cottages and heavy
fines are threatened to companies that hide corruption, many will think twice before silencing
people and

Summary Of King Leary's Gross Misconduct
King Leary's Gross Misconduct
The term gross misconduct is defined as, "a match penalty that was imposed to players and team
personnel for extreme unsportsmanlike conduct." ("Gross Misconduct" par. 1) This hockey term fits
the character Percival 'King' Leary appropriately as he treated his dear friend Manny Oz very poorly.
Although Leary made many mistakes in his friendship with Manfred, he manages to redeem himself
at the end of the novel. In this paper, I will explain how Leary betrays Manny, how he feels guilt
throughout the entire novel, and finally, how he manages to redeem himself in the end. Leary
accomplishes betraying Manfred multiple times in the novel. The initial betrayal eventually leads
Manny to his death, which will be explained later. The first example can be found on pages 137–
138, where Poppa Rivers and Leary have a conversation: Poppa Rivers said, "Tell Manfred to stop
drinking. (...) Say to him, Manfred, stop drinking liquor. Do not drink it anymore. (...) But no one
has said this to him: because you love me I'm asking you for this promise, that you will stop
drinking this liquor that hurts you so badly." (...) "If you were going to do it, you would have said
yes. But you haven't. So you won't." (...) "Oh, I suppose you might say, 'Hey Manny, go easy on the
boozing,' but you won't make him promise, and it won't work." (Quarrington) By Leary never telling
this to Manfred, he passed away on New Year's Day, 1937. (Quarrington, 100) That example proves
that Leary

Should Professional Negligence Or Misconduct?
Some companies may even have a separate procedure for underperformance and may need to amend
and adapt the finer details of this procedure and class it as a 'capability' procedure but they must still
follow the basic principles of the policies. Ultimately, a well managed organisation rarely has to
resort to disciplinary measures, but if needed, it is essential that the procedure is adhered to
precisely. It is also worth mentioning that employers should aim to improve and not punish
employees, but this is not always the case. If and when a disciplinary procedure is needed, the
organisation must follow a code of practice which will be set out in the company's disciplinary
policy. Every case is different, so it is important that an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Once the investigation is complete and it is decided that a disciplinary case is to be opened, then the
employee must be notified in writing as soon as possible. The letter should contain information with
regards to the alleged offence and the possible outcomes, copies of witness statements if applicable,
the time and venue for the meeting and also the employees right to be accompanied at the meeting
whether it be a fellow worker, a union representative or a union official but the companion has
limited exercise within the meeting. The meeting should also be held without undue delay but at the
same time must be deemed as fair in order for the employee to prepare their case for the matters in
question .Once the meeting is in progress the employee will be shown details and evidence of the
alleged offence and complaint against them but at the same time the employee will be given their
opportunity to present their case forward and ask relevant questions or provide evidence and even
call witnesses. Once the disciplinary meeting has finished and all the information gathered, then
there needs to be a decision on whether disciplinary action or any other kind of action can be
justified and then implemented. The employee must then be notified, in writing, of the relevant
actions which are to be taken and explained as to why and how the

Judicial Misconduct Essay
Founders of the United States of America believed in providing the people of this great nation with a
fair, and impartial judicial system. The basic rights of the people, which are listed in the Bill of
Rights, needed to be respected and protected by the government. Abraham Lincoln once said
"Government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the Earth". Every
part of the United States government has a duty to protect the people that gave the government
power, and one organization in particular plays a very large role in this charge. The Judicial System
of the United States America is a complex organization constructed to uphold the authority of the
Constitution, and federal law. The judges within the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The primary functions of lower courts consist of processing minor offenses but these courts will
sometimes process felonies as well, without sentencing the defendant. Major trial courts take the
processed felony cases and complete them; in major courts the defendants who are charged with
felony crimes mainly enter a plea of guilty or not guilty, which then leads to a trial (Neubauer,
2010). The second component of our dual court system consists of appellate courts. In the U.S.
judicial system, a defendant found guilty in a trial court can normally appeal to a higher federal
court. These federal courts, or appellate courts, review decisions made by trial courts (Neubauer,
2010). Appellate courts can be on the federal and state level, but do not hold trials or hear new
evidence. These courts consist of a judge, or a lawyer, or a group of either one, who read the
transcript of the trial and whether the previous decision correctly or incorrectly followed the law
(Neubauer, 2010). Similar to trial courts, the federal government and most states have made two
different types of appellate courts: intermediate, which hear all cases, and supreme courts, which can
pick and choose the cases heard (Neubauer, 2010). Even though there are many different types of
courts within the judicial system of the United States, the role of the judge stays constant throughout
the majority of branches. Judges and their duties in the courtroom are misunderstood, because of

Ethical Misconduct
Ethical misconduct prevalent in workplace
Internal Auditor, Dec, 2005 by A. Millage 1 2 Next »
DESPITE AN INCREASE IN the number of formal ethics programs in the workplace, ethical
misbehavior is on the rise. According to a recent survey by the Ethics Resource Center (ERC), more
than half of 3,000 U.S. workers polled have observed at least one type of ethical misconduct in the
past year.
The "2005 National Business Ethics Survey" (NBES) sought workers' opinions on workplace ethics
trends, the implementation and impact of formal programs, the ethical culture of organizations, and
factors that pose risks of misconduct. The ERC has conducted four such surveys in the past 11 years.
This year's findings reveal that although ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"We know formal programs are critical and work well initially, but we must now focus greater
attention on building the right culture in which programs operate. This data shows, for example, that
management needs to lead by example and set the right tone throughout the whole organization."
[ILLUSTRATION OMITTED]
To read an executive summary of the NBES, or to order the survey in its entirety, visit the ERC Web
site at www.ethics.org.
COPYRIGHT 2005 Institute of Internal Auditors, Inc.
COPYRIGHT 2008 Gale, Cengage Learning
Ethics in the workplace – many challenges remain
[pic]
But if they have the ringside seat to the real way that things get done, how do workers feel about the
integrity of organizations they work for today?
According to a nationwide study tracking integrity in the workplace, the results are mixed, and
indicate a number of challenges to business leaders. The study conducted by Walker Information in
July 2001 surveyed 2,795 American workers in organizations with at least 50 employees and in all
industry sectors, including government and non–profits. It also compared results to those gathered in
1999 to evaluate trends.
Half and half
Employee views of integrity at work have changed little in two years. It should be of great concern
that only about half of all American working adults (49 percent – statistically just a notch higher
than 47 percent in 1999) believe their senior executives are people of high integrity. Only slightly
more

Disciplinary Action in Organization
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I wish to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Md. Ataur Rahman of Management Department of
University of Dhaka for providing me an opportunity to do my assignment work on "Disciplinary
Action in Organization".
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
December 31, 2011
Dr. Md. Ataur Rahman
Department of Management Studies
Faculty of Business Studies
University of Dhaka.
Dear Sir,
I am submitting to you the assignment report, due December 31, 2011, that you have assigned me in
our class. This report contains details about the disciplinary action in organization.
I hope you find this report satisfactory.
Sincerely,
M. S. A. Shahnawaz Chowdhury
ID:3–11–20–064
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Disciplinary action refers to the actions ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Prevention is best done by making company standards known and understood in advance. The basic
objectives however is to encourage employee self discipline. In this way the employees maintain
their own discipline rather than have management impose it. Employees are more likely to support
standards that they have helped create. They also will give more support to standards that are stated
positively instead of negatively, and when they have been told the reasons behind a standard so that
it will make sense to them.
Corrective discipline:
Corrective discipline is action that follows infraction of a rule; it seeks to discourage further
infractions so that future act will be in compliance with standards. Typically the corrective action is
a penalty of some type and is called a disciplinary action. Examples are a warning or suspension
with or without pay.
POLICIES OF DISCIPLINARY ACTION

In any social system, irrespective of its nature, it is important for the participant to determine a set of
rules that will regulate the conduct of its members and should be observed in order to function
successfully.
Similarly so it is important in the workplace to determine a set of policies to regulate the
relationship between the employees and the employer in the form of a disciplinary procedure.
The code is based on the following principles:–
The right of management to take appropriate disciplinary steps against any worker, who acts in a
manner

Forensic Misconduct
Forensic Misconduct: Dr. Pamela A. Fish Kirstin L. Daniels Professor Ian Rodway George Mason
University Forensic Misconduct: Pamela A Fish Forensic science is defined as the practice of
utilizing scientific methodologies to clarify judicial inquiries. The field of forensic science contains
a broad range of disciplines and has become a vital aspect of criminal investigations. Some forensic
disciplines are laboratory–based; while others are based on an analyst's interpretation of observable
patterns (Kourtsounis, 2009). According to the Innocence project's website; in greater than fifty
percent of wrongful convictions, the use of invalidated or improper forensic techniques played a role
in cases; which were later ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although he was in jail, five more crimes with the same distinctive patterns occurred. Though
another man name Dennis McGruder had been arrested and charged with those crimes the
prosecution still moved forward with Willis' case (Warden). The only piece of physical evidence in
this case was a scrap of toilet paper; which, contained traces of semen on it. (In 1992, after two
separate jury trials Willis was convicted based on identification of eyewitness identifications, as well
as the rape victims. He was sentenced to one hundred years in prison. The prosecution in this case
failed to disclose to the defense attorneys that they had received a report; which, stated that one of
the rape suspects had type A blood. This was exculpatory evidence as Willis had type B blood. Dr.
Fish's hand written lab notes concluded that the secretor of the semen had type A blood; however in
her official report and later her testimony, she falsely testified that she was unable to complete the
test because the biological sample was too small to test. In 1997, under a new law granting him the
right to seek DNA testing, Willis filed a petition. Prosecutors claimed that the biological evidence
had been lost, but was later found. The DNA sample was tested and found to exclude Willis as the
donor. After eight years of incarceration, another man Dennis McGruder confessed to the crimes
after being linked via DNA. Willis (Fisher, 2014) was released from custody

Police Misconduct
Most of society look at law enforcement and citizen's encounter as a sin, especially if the law
enforcement officer have to make an arrest. Most of the complaint that are file against the law
enforcement officers and agencies come from lawfully arrest, when a person is detain and when
necessary or unnecessary force is used to make an arrest. (Addressing Police Misconduct Laws
Enforced By The Department Of Justice, 2015). When law enforcement officer violated a citizen
right's it is view as police misconduct. Police misconduct is unreasonable force, malicious
prosecution, intentional false arrest and sexual abuse against the victim who is the citizen. If the
Department of Justice, Internal Affairs and Attorney General come to the concluding

Police Misconduct On The Street Still Continue Throughout...
Over the years, law enforcement has been involved in many of unethical events that caused the
community to lose trust in them. There are many of reasons why it is difficult for the police to have
interaction with the citizens of the community. One reason the community do not trust the police is
because of racial profiling. Racial profiling has been going on for years and now the community is
getting tired of it. An example of racial profiling is a group of black teenagers being pulled over
because of the kind of car they are driving. Along with this act and many of other police corruption
acts has caused the community to question themselves about law enforcement. Many of concerns
about police misconduct on the street still continue throughout the community. Cities across the
globe have experienced intense altercations stemming from deadly shootings of citizens and
allegations of excessive use of force. Police are sworn in to "Protect and Serve" everyone in the
community no matter what race they are. Less than a week after Katrina hit New Orleans on
September 4, 2005, police executed 40 year old Ronald Madison and 17 year old James Brissette
and injured four others. Five of the New Orleans covered up the corruption by lying saying that
people was shooting when they arrived at the scene. When the officers arrived at the Danziger
Bridge they just started shooting at unarmed victims. Officers covered up the killing by planting a
gun at the scene, fabricated witnesses and

The Wrongful Convictions Of Innocent Men And Women
We hear in the news about police misconduct, use of excessive force, embezzlement, but one thing I
found while researching what I should write this paper on is the Wrongful convictions of innocent
men and women, that spend years in prison being innocent, and there is nothing that gets done till
it's too late. Some wrongful convictions are honest mistakes, but many times law enforcement and
prosecutors lose sight of the obligation of ensuring truth and justice, and are focused on their
conviction rates. As with any job, they are honest people and ones that just don't care and are
corrupt, this exists in the criminal justice system. One way to prove someone is innocent now is
through DNA testing, but even at all levels of a criminal investigation there could be misconduct or
mishandling of evidence, which then causes the evidence to become compromised.
One thing I notice is a lot of the misconduct is by the arresting officers or detectives that are
investigating the crime. The ways an office can have misconduct that could lead to false convictions,
include suggestions when conducting interviews, coercing false confessions, lying to jurors about
observations, failing to turn over evidence. Common forms of misconduct by a prosecutor can
include, withhold evidence from defense, mishandling, mistreating or destroying evidence, allowing
witnesses that they know are not truthful to testify, Pressing Witnesses of the defense to not testify,
relying on fraudulent forensic experts.

Misconduct Summary
Behavior that is directed to a student from an educator and involves sexual misconduct, whether
verbal, visual, or physical misconduct, are inappropriate actions that should be reported to the
principal or designated principal immediately, so proper steps can be taken to investigate the matter.
In the article, Know the Warning Signs of Educator Sexual Misconduct, Shakeshaft (2013) defines
fixated abusers, usually male, as people who usually work in the elementary or early middle school
level and are identified as great teachers who are well liked by teachers, students, parents,
administrators, and the community. In this case, I would identify Bob as a fixated abuser mainly
because he is participating in verbal misconduct with a student and is a well liked by many in the
school and the community. According to the article, Shakeshaft (2013) says fixated abusers are so
well like by the school and the community that when these inappropriate actions are reported, many
of the people that admire them usually stand on their side, rather than the student. Educators ...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He is liked that he do not want to smear his reputation for an accusation that could possibly be false.
In this case, it is the chair of the department to report this complaint to the principal or the
designated assistant principal. These complaints are important ant should be reported no matter what
reputation the teacher has in the school or the community. It is ethical that the chair of the
department to make a decision based on the best interest of the student. Here the teacher is making
decisions from an utilitarian approach because he is reflecting on the consequences and concerned
about Bob's friends and the fact that his 30 year career will be tainted. The teacher should be making
decision based on the ethically duty as a person and an

Police Misconduct Summary
White, M. D., & Kane, R. J. (2013). Pathways to Career–Ending Police Misconduct An Examination
of Patterns, Timing, and Organizational Responses to Officer Malfeasance in the NYPD. Criminal
Justice and Behavior, 40(11), 1301–1325. The article seeks to extend prior research that has failed to
fully explain factors that lead to misconduct amongst police officers. Researchers looks to address
career ending misconduct by addressing there pathways which are: The timing of misconduct in
officer career, factors related to that time, & the types of misconduct over time. These factors are
addressed through an examination of all officers separated from the New York Police department
during 1975–1996.
The sample population was 1542 sworn officer of the NYPD between the yeas of 1975–1999 that
was fired from the forces for misconduct related issues. In addition to that sample, a comparison
group of approximately 1543 officers were included. Officer of the comparison group served
honorable careers, who had been hired under same screening requirements, and endured similar
entry level experiences as the focused group. Data containing Personal files, performance appraisals,
pre–employment investigations and much more was obtained and ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Figure one was the survival function of dismissed officer. The provided data suggests that the
average time to career–ending separation in days for the dismissed officer group was nearly 7 years
(2,544 days) . In reference to figure number 2, Cox regression analysis that predicted "time on the
job", characteristics like race, prior criminal history, and problem on prior job was positively
associated with being terminated quickly. As far as examining misconduct types over time, the
average time to firing officers who engaged in each of the categorical variable is as follows:
Crime/seriousness (7.8 years), administrative misconduct (6.0 years) , and Drug misconduct (6.8

The Eradication Of Research Misconduct
In our society today there seems to be extensive competition involving research and being the first
group or the first individual to discover valuable information. This leads to a great amount of
research misconduct involving clinical research and deception to the public. This is unacceptable
because it possesses potential to directly affect the general public. Unfortunately there has been
monumental misconduct in clinical research that has directly affected the general population. The
eradication of research misconduct is inevitable unless there is a serious change of policy and how
those policies are enforced. Research misconduct is a problem all around the globe, and there are
organizations everywhere that are attempting to completely ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Plagiarism is actually the most common type of misconduct. We also discussed the potential danger
of research misconduct along with the reasons why researchers chose to partake in research
misconduct. The reasons involved avoiding setbacks and protecting the researcher 's credibility, but
none of these reasons seem to be equal to the risk of losing credibility. Scientific fraud seems to be
appearing in all fields ranging from paleontology to nanotechnology. Along with this, certain
surveys show that 40 percent of researchers were aware of the misconduct (Gupta 1). There have
been numerous attempts to completely eradicate medical research misconduct but only a few
techniques have been proven to be effective. The most impressive one seems to be the changing of
policy. A change of policy on research misconduct or the introduction of an investigation committee
would make it harder for researchers to fabricate data to avoid setbacks along with making it
extremely clear that consequences will be harsh. There have been an uncountable amount of
precautions recorded that were basically an attempt to end research misconduct, and many of them
proved to be effective. This has been a problem that affects a majority of the globe including Iraq
where Shirin Dijalalinia experimented quite a bit with misconduct policies before she discovered a
effective policy. In her article, A Proposed Strategy for Research Misconduct Policy: A Review on
Misconduct Management in

What´s Scientific Misconduct?
Scientific Misconduct College students are constantly being warned about the consequences that
come with breaking academic integrity, but do not fully understand why scientific misconduct is
taken so seriously. Students studying in the field of science should be more educated on scientific
misconduct in order to avoid real world mistakes and the consequences that may arise because of
them. In the real world, some students will be using their knowledge to complete research and
analyze data, which leaves plenty of room for scientific misconduct. This type of misconduct has a
larger affect than simply failing a class; it can ruin reputations, lose jobs or even result in jail time.
In most college courses, the main worry is plagiarism among students. In the case of Annie
Dookhan, a real crime–lab chemist, more misconduct was taking place than simply copying down a
stolen answer. While analyzing drugs in a laboratory for the Department of Public Health, Dookhan
"falsified test results in criminal cases" (Levitz, 2013). When placed in a professional setting,
scientific misconduct becomes an incredibly serious matter. Despite the fact that they will be forced
to face real misconduct within their future careers, college students rarely learn about the types of
dire mistakes that take place outside of a classroom. Students should understand that even if they are
not caught right away, there is a chance that their mistakes will be noticed in the future. For
Dookhan, her

Racial Profiling Term Paper
Racial profiling is a popular method used by law officers in order to hypothetically enhance crime
prevention by targeting minorities, because they are more likely to commit a crime. According to
Wikipedia, racial profiling is defined as: the inclusion of race in the profile of a person considered
likely to commit a particular crime or type of crime. In other words, it is targeting specific ethnic
groups because they are more likely to commit certain crimes. Racial profiling is a flagrant form of
racism. According to Dictionary.com, racism is defined as hatred or intolerance of another race or
other races. Nevertheless, it shouldn't be confused with stereotyping, because they are two different
things even if racial profiling is heavily ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
What if one of the people that took me aside in country B would come to my country and he would
be considered as a slave? Under the ethical theory known as the "Veil of Ignorance", every person in
society has the right to equal freedom. Also if there is an inequality in society, it must be to
everyone's advantage. Since racial profiling violates a person's freedom, the violation benefits no
one, therefore racial profiling should be considered immoral.
One way of trying to eliminate racial profiling, would be through extensive data collection because
it is beneficial on many fronts. According to
http://www.racialprofilinganalysis.neu.edu/background/, data collection gives the following
benefits:
• Send a strong message to the community that the department is against racial profiling and that
racial profiling is inconsistent with effective policing and equal protection
• Build trust and respect for the police in the communities they serve
• Provide departments with information about the types of stops being made by officers, the
proportion of police time spent on high–discretion stops, and the results of such stops
• Help shape and develop training programs to educate officers about racial profiling and
interactions with the community
• Enable the development of police and community dialogue to assess the quality and quantity of
police–citizen encounters
• Allay community concerns about the activities of police
•

Prosecutorial Misconduct
Clearly, mistaken or deliberate manipulations even of minor details can impede the accurate
reconstruction of an event and possibly incriminate innocent suspects. Importantly, the present
findings indicate that a large proportion of eyewitness fail to detect such mistakes. Nevertheless, one
may object that the records of identification decisions are unlikely to be incorrect or that witnesses
usually sign their names next to the photo of the identified suspect. Considering how often
professionals make procedural errors (e.g., erroneous matches of bullets, foot– and fingerprints;
Saks & Koehler, 2005) and the impact of biases due to contextual influences in the forensic science
(Kassin, Dror, & Kukucka, 2013), we posit that such a scenario is not all that unrealistic. In
exacerbation to this issue, the report on prosecutorial misconduct cases compiled by the Northern
California Innocence Project sides with the idea of altered identification decisions and tempered
with testimony in real investigations (NCIP; Ridolfi & Possley, 2010). The report reveals 4,000
cases of alleged misconduct, in 707 of which the courts explicitly established that the prosecutors
deliberately mishandled, mistreated or destroyed evidence. Thus, errors in the recording of ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Even under the speedy trial act as applied in the US judicial system trials begin the earliest 90–120
days after the arrest of the suspect (Shermer, Rose, & Hoffman, 2011). This is worrying considering
the increasing blindness rates with longer delays (Chapters 3 & 7). The findings of the present
dissertation suggest that by the time witnesses are questioned in court, a large proportion would fail
to realise that they are sitting in front of the wrong defendant or that their statements contain

The Case Of Hiv Vaccine Research : Not A Solely Sin Essay
Fabrication and Falsification in Dong Pyou Han Case of HIV Vaccine Research: Not a Solely Sin
Introduction
A promising vaccine to combat HIV epidemic seems need to wait a lit bit longer since the desired
result of HIV vaccine development in Iowa State University (ISU) found to be a fraudulent. Office
of Research Integrity (ORI) and ISU found that the Dr. Dong–Pyou Han, former Research Assistant
Professor, engaged in research misconduct in this research by intentionally spiked samples of rabbit
sera with human antibody. 1–5 It falsified the result that a vaccine developed was protecting the
rabbits against the HIV virus. 1–5 Due to this case, Dong–Pyou Han was not only forced to resign
from ISU but also sentenced to 57 months in prison with fined US$ 7.2 million.
This harsh consequence shows a concern in research integrity in USA. However, it seems unclear
that the view of misconduct as being simply a solely personal sin. A researcher, colleges, supervisor
and institution might share responsibility in research integrity and prevent research misconduct.
What is more, environmental factors had been studied create opportunity of research misconduct
such as fabrication and falsification. Therefore, this essay will discuss what and how researcher and
environmental factors roles in contributing a fabrication and falsification especially in the case of
Dong–Pyou Han. The essay will be divided into four parts. First part explains definition of
fabrication and falsification and

How Are Jacies Falsified?
Were these slides falsified?
Julia is a technician who had to work in professor Helen lab. She had some health and family
problems that turned her to be dropped out from the graduate program. Despite the strong support
and encouragement, she received from Helen, she was bitter, and uncooperative, and always
complaining. The conflict emerged when she was working on her project using an autoradiography
technique. In one of weekly lab meetings, she presented her data of two separate experiments, which
were films from an autoradiogram. Interestingly, the data from two experiments looked similar,
however, she noted that even when she repeated the experiments she had gotten the same results.
When Helen followed up, she noticed that Julia slides ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Plagiarism on the other hand was defined as "the appropriation of another person's ideas, processes,
results, or words without giving appropriate credit". The definition also indicated that a finding of
research misconduct depends on three requirements. Firstly, "there must be a significant departure
from accepted practices of the relevant research community". Secondly, "the misconduct must be
committed intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly". Thirdly, "the allegation must be proven by a
preponderance of evidence". There are serious consequences associated with research misconduct
that impact the society as well as the scientific field. A study by (Steen et al, 2011) indicated that
after tracking several studies, they found that thousands of patients are put at high risk of receiving
improper medication due to enrolment in flawed research (3). Although the reasons that drive
researcher to commit misconduct are various, the most common are due to the competitive pressure
that gives the winner all financial funds for research, tempting individuals to commit misconduct
(4). With regard to the prevalence of misconduct incidents, a study by (Fanelli D. 2009) conducted a
meta–analysis of survey data on scientific misconduct and notably found that 2% of scientists
acknowledged to have fabricated or falsified data, while

Wrongful Convictions And Its Effect On Society
Introduction Many of us are familiar with historical films such as "The Shawshank Redemption",
but the reality is that wrongful convictions have occurred throughout history and although less
frequently, still occur today. A wrongful conviction can greatly impact an individual's life and may
continue to be an issue even after exoneration. Many people are under the impression that
individuals who are wrongfully convicted and later exonerated have won the battle over the justice
system, however this is rarely the case. Exonerees experience great amounts of hardship once
released back into society. There are flaws in the justice system, which make it extremely difficult
for exonerees to experience true freedom. Wrongful convictions occur not only in the United States,
but also across the entire globe. It is a serious injustice when an innocent person is forced to
experience life as a convicted felon. Causes of Wrongful Convictions "Although numerous cases of
wrongful convictions have been documented in the literature and in the media, criminologists have
yet to devise a methodology for estimating the extent of such errors in the criminal justice system."
(Poveda, 2001) Since DNA testing has been utilized in the justice system, wrongful convictions
have become less frequent and exoneration rates have increased. "There are many factors involved
when consider the causes of wrongful convictions. Eyewitness misidentification is a leading cause
for wrongful convictions." (Innocence

Student Misconduct
Why is it necessary for a university to establish a code of conduct? The University of Florida's
answer is in the following quote, "The University of Florida is an institution which encourages the
intellectual and personal growth of its students as scholars and citizens. As an educational
institution, the University recognizes that the transmission of knowledge, the pursuit of truth, and
the development of individuals require the free exchange of ideas, self–expression, and the
challenging of beliefs and customs. In order to maintain an environment where these goals can be
achieved safely and equitably, the University promotes civility, respect, and integrity among all
members of the community. As stated in the Standard of Ethical Conduct, ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
That also means it has become even easier to discover when others are using someone else's work in
their documents and to verify whether they are properly citing where the source material came from.
It is a far less risky option to make the extra effort of giving credit where it is due. This activity is a
direct violation of the University Of Phoenix Code Of Conduct/Code of Academic Integrity. B.
Martin sums it up nicely in the Journal of Information Ethics: plagiarism is "much more common
among both students and scholars than usually recognized" and it "is a serious offense against
scholarships and should be condemned and penalized."
How do you catch a cheating student participating in an online environment? As defined in the
University of Phoenix 2007–2008 Online Master Catalog, cheating is using or attempting to use
unauthorized materials, information, or study aids in any academic exercise (University). However,
without physically interfacing with the student, how does a teacher ensure a student is turning in
assignments that are homegrown within the mind of the writer? With the advent of the internet,
information is rampant and often unchecked for credibility. In the same instance, it is a Mecca of
information potentially influencing the personal education of billions. Coupling the internet with an
online academic environment, there is a potential for cheating. Students are less likely to cheat if
they are educated, monitored

Police Misconduct
Police Culture and Police Misconduct M. Collins Criminal Justice 593 Dr. Jiabo Liu April 2008
Outline I. Introduction II. Main Issues III. Analysis IV. Suggestions and/or Recommendations V.
Conclusion VI. References 1 INTRODUCTION In the United States, there are city, county, state,
and national police forces. They have very difficult and dangerous responsibilities. These public
servants are required to perform many different jobs. They enforce laws and maintain order. They
teach people how to help prevent crime and to protect themselves ( Mittleman, 2000). They offer
assistance and take charge of many different situations such as car accidents, flooding, and
hurricanes. Police ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In most recent years, police brutality has often flared at global summits where protesters have
sought to challenge the legitimacy of various institutions of economic globalization such as the
WTO, the World Bank, the IMF, the G8, and international trade regimes such as the NAFTA and the
FTAA. An extensive U.S. Department of Justice report on police use of force released in 2001
indicates that in 1999, approximately 422,000 people 16 years old and older were estimated to have
had contact with police in which force or the threat of force was used. In dealing largely with
disorderly elements of the society, some people working in law enforcement may gradually develop
an attitude or sense of authority over society, particularly under traditional reaction–based policing
models; in some cases the police believe that they are above the law. In other cases, police
corruption and misconduct may be explained by individuals and individual faults– behavioral,
psychological, background factors, and so on. Since their has been policing entities, it is understood
by most that law enforcement officers have been performing a public service that is not easy to carry
out. To assist law enforcement officers in diffusing situations, apprehending alleged criminals, and
protecting themselves and others, officers are legally entitled to use appropriate means, including
force. In discussing police misconduct, this report acknowledges not only the legal grant of such
authority,

Culture And Conflict In The Organizational Culture Of Uber
Culture is the collective attitude, intellect, and atmosphere that a community creates for itself. This
includes values, traditions, and social norms. Specifically, organizational culture is within a
community, group, or business that shares values, follows a code of conduct and standards, and
holds its members accountable for their contributions. Organizational culture arises from the goals
and mission set out by the company. A negligent culture can provoke and encourage inappropriate
behavior between employees. As shown with Uber, organizational culture can become dangerous
and harmful to its members if proper standards are not established. Culture and conflict often
intersect each other when dealing with various issues. Many individuals ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
"It's a simple experience and a much more pleasant way to get a ride than stepping onto a busy street
and waving at oncoming traffic" (Stone, 2014, p. 53). It is convenient for both the employee and
customer to arrange a ride, which makes Uber preferable. Additionally, the employees of Uber are
given more benefits than the employees of taxi companies. For example, Uber issues an iPhone with
the Uber software, free gear to secure it to their windshield and an hour of orientation (Stone, 2014,
p. 52). It is this simplicity that appeals to people seeking employment. They are also using a
platform that is accessible to many of their customers, because, as of 2015, "64% of American adults
now own a smartphone of some kind" (Smith, 2015). Since their focus is on luxury, innovation, and
results, they have transformed the public transportation system in their favor. Although Uber's
culture is useful to them in producing results, they lack the internal development of their employee
relationships. Their drive for progress and success came at the cost of their reputation. "Yet the focus
on pushing for the best result has also fueled what current and former Uber employees describe as a
Hobbesian environment at the company, in which workers are sometimes pitted against one another
and where a blind eye is turned to infractions from top performers" (Isaac, 2017). This company has
had many issues with regulating interactions with employees, and holding those who act

Scientific Ethics And Scientific Research

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

More from Casey Hudson

More from Casey Hudson (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Scientific Ethics And Scientific Research