Sun Tzu Theory Essay

Sun Tzu Theory Essay
The Relevancy of Sun Tzu's Theory for XXI Century
Is the Sun Tzu's theory of war relevant for the nature and character of XXI century wars, despite the
finding that, most probably, the author wrote it more than 2500 years ago in his famous treatise,
"The Art of War? This complex question becomes more important if we take into consideration the
age of his ideas and difference in character of wars fought in the current century and those fought
before that. However, the question becomes less complex if we approach it in a way that implies
distinction between the character of the wars and their nature. Professionals in the area of strategy
are expected to be comfortable with the observation that, "Continuity and change are part of war," ...
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At the beginning of the Art of War, Sun Tzu asserts that, "[w]ar is a matter of vital importance to the
[s]tate; the province of life or death;" and thus it deserves to "be thoroughly studied." In other
words, while setting up the strategy for the war a statesman has to determine clear and attainable
objective before the war starts. Tzu suggests priorities in choosing military objectives putting the
attacking enemy's strategy on a first place. The second and third place, are reserved for the
disrupting enemy's alliances and attacking his military, respectively. Attacking the enemy's military
was his last choice because he considered a war as not only a military affairs, but a matter of
politics, diplomacy, economy, climate and geography. In attacking enemy's military, he suggested
not to "put a premium on killing" , but on enemy's cohesion and his will to fight. His advice is to
"divide him," and disrupt his morale or the will of enemy's military to accompany
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Emergency Maneuvers Specialists : Emergency Exercises
{Protective Service Personnel|Emergency Maneuvers Specialists|Law Enforcement Officers}
{Protection of safety of individuals and keeping military property intact is the primary duty of the
Protective Service Personnel|Protective Service and Emergency specialists will help keep military
personnel and equipment safe|Law Enforcement and Protective Service officers do their bit to keep
military units safe and protected}. {They look after the vessels, vehicles and property and enforce
emergency procedures in preparation for disasters|All the vehicles and equipment come under their
purview and they keep them all safe|Every piece of equipment and all vehicles come under their
protection}. {They tend to the response, evacuation and warning procedures during disasters|During
disasters, these personnel will check the response and evacuation procedures|When there is distress
or danger, they will make sure that the response and action is properly adhered to by all}.
{Transportation Officers|Personnel for Transport|Specialist dealing the Movement of Military
Personnel and Equipment}
{All activities related to movement of military equipment and personnel are regulated by the
transportation officers|Transport officers help regulate the movement of men and vehicles over air
and water|All the movement of vehicles and men is coordinated by the transport personnel}. {When
moving over water, engineers along with navigators help coordinate the movement of the
ship|Movement using ships is

U.s. Army Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site
This analysis on U.S. Army Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site, is to show why the military needs
training grounds like this one. "The Army needs to conduct realistic and coordinated large scale
training that integrates the ground and air resources of assigned and visiting units, including
mechanized, infantry, support, and combat aviation assets. To accomplish this, the Army must
maintain large maneuver and training areas of varying characteristics with complex terrain.
Advances and changes in equipment and weapons systems and in their coordinated use require
changes to the manner in which PCMS is internally configured and utilized". We will look at the pro
and cons of military training site in relates to communities, environment, and sustainability. The
table shows us so important information about this training site. The military has to work closely
with environmental activities, communities and wildlife groups to ensure that adequate military
training is being conduct for the success of our troops, however, the military must also take in
consideration for the wildlife and environmental issues. Arguments against the purchase of this
property from locals were because the Army was purchasing their grazing land.
Fort Carson Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site, is a vital training ground for not only Army units but all
services that need to train there. The PCMS is located in Southeastern Colorado, the Purgatories
River runs along the eastern edge of the training site. The land ranges from

Essay On Stand Up Basketball
The videos and the lecture were my first exposure to wheelchair basketball and I was impressed.
The skill to maneuver in a wheelchair and shoot a basketball while on the move requires skills that
don't come naturally. The contagious excitement makes me want to attend a game at Auburn to learn
more. I had no idea the chairs were made of titanium and cambered at 15–20 degrees with a 5th
wheel to increase stability and maneuverability plus addition safety equipment such as the straps and
an extra bar. I also had no idea that the rules were similar to those of stand up basketball. As a
player, I would imagine that the same stand up basketball mindset exists, but is also intertwined with
maneuvering skills which appears, in my mind, to be the

Reining: An International Sport
Reining: the Sport
The term to rein, in the dictionary, is to check or guide a horse by pulling on its reins or to keep
under control. This word is the root of an international sport, one that is unique and strikingly
challenging. The strength of the horse and rider team is apparent when they are in the arena. Doing
complicated maneuvers that countless experienced riders could only dream of attempting. Hours
upon hours of preparation, sweat, and practice has gone into the single performance in front of
judges and audiences to present the teamwork and power behind every action in the run. Reining is
one of the most elite of all the riding disciplines. Competition riding is an intense and strenuous
affair, especially in comparison to pleasure ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
All judges are required to possess an impassive mindset to observe all technicalities without being
biased. Every competition from international level competitions to even the smallest of shows have
the same judging regulations and scoring bases. The base number the competitors start with is 70.
The judges look at every maneuver and give it a score ranging from a –2 all the way to +2 going by
plus or minus halves. When a team gets a positive number added to their score it is called being
"plussed". Each maneuver gets a score that adds or subtracts from the team's total and the judge's
scores all come together for the final score. For example, if one is supposed to stop a spin and be
facing the judges, but end the spin a quarter of a turn away that would likely result in a

Mkts Strategy
TYPES OF MARKETING STRATEGIES
MARKET LEADER STRATEGIES 1. Expand total market 2. Defend market share 3. Expand
market share
MARKET CHALLENGER STRATEGIES 1. Define strategic objective and opponents 2. Choosing
an attack strategy
MARKET FOLLOWER STRATEGIES MARKET NICHE STRATEGIES ================
A. 1. MARKET LEADER STRATEGIES EXPAND TOTAL MARKET New Users E.g.:
perfume:––> non–users (mkt–penetration strat) ––> men (new market strat) ––> other countries
(geo–expan strat) E.g.: J&J Baby shampoo: birthrate declining ––> ads target adults ––> leading
brand New uses Cereals: as snacks ––> increase frequency of use OJ: "not for breakfast anymore"
Du Pont nylon: parachute––>pantyhose––>blouses & shirts ––> auto tires ––>seat belts ––> ...
provoking antitrust action or anti–dumping charge b. economic cost –– beyond optimal MS ,i.e.
inverted "U" curve WHY: legal costs, fight off competitors losing MS, PR problems, legal problems
c. wrong marketing–mix strategy
Recent case: UPS strike reveals vulnerability – buyers want multiple vendors – unattractive mkt
segments strategy: selectively decrease MS in weaker areas Conditions when MS and P go together:
a. Unit costs fall with increased MS – real gains in economies of scale –cost/experience curves,
Intel: significant improvements in both product and process innovations, and large capital
investment in new plants b. Target Premium segment: – premium price covers cost of offering
higher quality – MB/BMW strategy
B.
MARKET CHALLENGER STRATEGIES
Targets of attack: conditions for success 1. Mkt leader not in tune with mkt: vulnerable ––
dissatisfied customers –– technology shifted Intel & Microsoft Vs IBM 2. firm its own size ––
underfinanced, not doing job 3. small and regional firms –– underfinanced Attack strategies: 1.
Frontal attack: "head–on" attack: condition : the principleof force 3:1 advantage attacker matches
opponent along all parts of MM Cases: Shampoo/conditioner mkt 1977 SCJohnson's entry in

shampoo mkt with Agree: raided Colgate & others for exper executives $14M promo blitz; 30M
sample bottles of conditioner too Results: 1978–MS=15%; 1979–MS=20%

John Boyd And His Influence On Strategic Thinking
This will be explained by first giving a brief context in who John Boyd was and what he did. Then
his influence on strategic thinking with the help of his paper Destruction and Creation. It will be
then followed by explaining the OODA loop.
1.1 JOHN BOYD
Boyd was considered a strategist, a man who was seen as a master in, all dimensions of the bigger
picture of the evolving states of war (Gray, 1999). John Boyd was an officer in the United States Air
Force who lived from 1927–1997.In the sixties he created air battle strategies and prepared pilots at
the Fighter Weapons School at Nellis Air Force Base close Las Vegas. He worked as a non–paid
consultant with the military affairs. In this limit he was included in endeavours to change the ...
2.3 John Boyd's Discourse
To succeed and grow in a diverse uncertain and constant changing world that surrounds us, we need
to make decisive decisions ourselves those many practices we have to meet the exigencies of that
world. The discourse thus consists of 5 sections:–
1. 'Pattern of Conflict ' consists of thoughts and actions for winning and losing in a very competitive
environment.
2. 'The Strategic Game of ? also, ? ' stresses the different mental turns and twist that we deal with to
surface suitable fitting designs or outlines for understanding our aim or cause.
3. 'Organic Design for Command and Control ' surfaces the certain plans or actions that allow
cooperation in unpredictable, competitive, quick moving situations.
4. 'Destruction and Creation ' lays out in conceptual however graphic design the routes by which we
develop mental concepts to understand and cope to our surroundings;
5. Revelation makes noticeable the metaphorical message that streams from this "Discourse"
As one continues from "Patterns" through 'Organic Design ', 'Strategic Game ', and 'Destruction and
Creation' to 'Revelation ' he or she will see that the exchange goes from the more concrete and
evident to the more abstract. In this sense, one

Operational Level Command And Control Requires Both The
Operational level command and control requires both the effective execution of mission command
and integration of the joint functions. During Operation Husky, the Allies did not have a shared
understanding of the mission, did not have a clear understanding of commander's intent, and did not
exhibit mutual trust during the campaign. Disjointed Mission Command repeatedly prevented the
Allies from capitalizing on the Allies' collective combat power.
While the Allied Naval forces came through with incredible logistical accomplishments in the joint
function of sustainment, the Allies' poor execution of movement and maneuver ultimately allowed
Germany's withdraw from Sicily. Although the Allies failed to put forth a united effort, they ... Show
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During the campaign, General Alexander's inability to grasp the significance of a German
withdrawal echoed the Allies' lack of understanding at the Casablanca Conference. On the ground,
neither LTG Patton's 7th Army nor Montgomery's 8th Army understood that the true center of
gravity for the campaign lay in defeating the German forces and preventing their withdrawal.
Instead, the 7th Army and 8th Army sacked one town after another and got mired in various
embattlements, which gave the Germans enough time to withdraw to Italy in significant numbers.
This strategic blunder was a direct result of the lack of understanding. Commander's intent, the
second key component of Mission Command, provides subordinate commanders and units with a
"clear and concise expression of the purpose of the operation and the desired military end state."
Leaders who understand the commander's intent can use that information to fill in any gaps in
information as those commanders move their units on the battlefield. In doing so, commanders can
achieve battlefield synergy when faced with poor communications from higher. The Casablanca
Conference left U.S. service members, and their general officers "with an imperfect understanding
of the ultimate purpose" of Operation Husky. "This lack of clarity would ultimately have an adverse
impact on the resolution of the campaign." England saw Operation Husky as the first of several
peripheral fights that would attack

Heimlich Maneuver Research Paper
How to Perform the Heimlich Maneuver Lauren White October 21,2014 Table of Contents I.
Introduction ................................................................................................ 2 II. Safety Warnings &
Precautions ....................................................................... 2 III. Glossary
................................................................................................... 2 IV. Performing the Heimlich
Maneuver .................................................................. 3 Conscious Choking
Adult......................................................................... 3 Unconscious Choking Adult
..................................................................... 4 Choking Infants: Individuals Younger than One
Year........................................ 5 V.
Conclusion................................................................................................. 6 VI. Appendix
.................................................................................................. 7 A)
References........................................................................................ 7 Figures Figure 1
........................................................................................................ 3 Figure 2
........................................................................................................ ... Show more content on
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FAMILY HEALTH CARE +, n.d. Web. 22 Oct. 2014.
<http://www.familyhealthhandbook.com/First_Aid_and _Emergencies/choking.htm>. This source
provided me with Figure 3. "How to do the Heimlich Maneuver." Deaconess Associations, Inc.,
Deaconess Heimlich Institute. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Oct. 2014. <http://www.deaconess–
healthcare.com/Heimlich_Institute/ Heimlich_Maneuver/How_to_do_the_Heimlich_Maneuver/> .
This source provided me with Figure 4 and Figure 5. Mayo Clinic Staff. "Choking: First aid." Mayo
Clinic. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Oct. 2014. <http:// www.mayoclinic.org/first–aid/first–aid–
choking/basics/art–20056637>. This source provided me with the general information about the
Heimlich Maneuver so that I could ensure the information that I am giving is accurate. Nelson, Gail
A. "Choking and the Heimlich Maneuver." University of Rochester Medical Center. N.p., n.d. Web.
22 Oct. 2014. <http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/ content.aspx?
ContentTypeID=85&ContentID=P00825>. This source provided me with Figure 1 and Figure

Aircraft Simulation Paper
This project is intended to give the student an improved understanding of aircraft dynamic behavior
thought the use of a SIMULINK flight simulation. The student is to use knowledge of flying and
handling qualities to appropriately grade a certain maneuver, of a certain aircraft, under a certain
condition. The student is to modify the performance of an aircraft through the implementation of a
control law.
For the purposed of this project, the aircraft in question will be a Convair 880 at an altitude of
35,000 ft. and Mach number of 0.8. The maneuvers performed will be predetermined pitch, roll and
yaw maneuvers. These maneuvers will be completed by a "pilot" using a joystick to make control
inputs with the aircraft utilizing a feedback control law, and with the aircraft in open loop
configuration – no augmentation whatsoever. The student will also have a hard coded computer pilot
perform these maneuvers to maintain consistency. The first step in creating the control law was
placing the CL poles. The initial poles would then be placed in a K matrix; the pole values are listed
in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The figures for the flights were taken directly from the Simulink output plots. As can be noted the
aircraft performed significantly better with the control law than without. No points were obtainable
in the OL flights, while full points were awarded in the FB flights – both piloted and computer
controlled.This project reiterated the understanding of how performance is changes with active
control solutions as opposed to costly, and time intensive conventional solutions. The Convair 880
with no feedback control law could not achieve even adequate scores on the maneuvers, while with
the control law, the aircraft had no troubles achieving desired results consistently, with human and
computer

Motor Observation Report
Introduction: The time needed to perceive a sensory input and then formulate a response is
influenced by several factors. The multifaceted nature of transforming the detected stimulus into an
electrical signal that can be communicated by the means of action potentials, the quantity of neural
synapses before the impulse is derived to the cortex, and the length the signal must travel before
arriving at the cortex are all factors that influence this process. We can observe these effects by
using two push buttons, a reflex hammer, a goniometer with straps, and the Jendrassik maneuver. In
addition, we can gain insight into how a motor response can be generated without first being
communicated to the cortex by pairing the patella tendon stretch ... Show more content on
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The difference in factors between stimuli are that visual stimulants are processed in a far more
complex manner that takes time; auditory stimulants are processed quickly as their distance is
proximate to the cortex; and cutaneous stimulants are processed with a lower level of complexity
and number of synapses that can vary in their reaction time depending on their proximity to the
cortex. These differences exist because of the different types of somatic senses, and the need of the
spinal cord and brain to discern different impulses such as heat or sharp pain than they would need
to discern an itch or dull pain. Muscle spindle fibers are sensory receptors that are found within the
extrafusal fibers, and they transmit information about muscle stretch to the central nervous system
(CNS). The stretch reflex pathway is monosynaptic and stimulates a muscle spindle to excite
intrafusal fibers, 1a afferent sensory neurons to generate an action potential that travels to the spinal
cord and synapses with an extrafusal motor neuron and triggers a contraction in the desired muscle.
Two possible ways that the Jendrassik maneuver could alter this pathway are reducing the inhibition
of alpha moroneurons, and the activation of gamma motor neurons as the responds to the change in
activity of the 1a fibers. Psssmore, et. al (2012), also observed a reduced inhibition of the 1a afferent
fibers with the use of the Jendrassik maneuver, and concluded that this inhibition was due the
physical and not mental aspect of the maneuver. These possibilities affect the pathway and the
ability of the neurons to fire an action potential by averting the subject

Manoeuvrist Approach, Mission Command And OODA Loopist...
In order to be able to answer on those questions it will be necessary firstly to explain basic
theoretical points about Manoeuvrist Approach, Mission command and OODA loop cycle.
Throughout history, military theorists and commanders have attempted to determine and define the
most effective way to defeat an adversary and achieve victory. British military doctrine defines this
method as the Manoeuvrist Approach or indirect approach, which main focus is basically on
attacking enemy's cohesion and will to fight rather than focusing purely on the destruction of his
physical component. The approach itself is based on manoeuvre theory, which relies on speed,
deception, surprise, and the application of firepower and movement or application of own strengths
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
OODA loop (observe–orient–decide–act) is theory presented by American John Boyd and its
essence is to be faster through OODA loop cycle than the enemy. If we can consistently go through
the OODA cycle faster than the enemy, make faster decisions and act before him, we gain an
advantage and enemy loses his cohesion until he can no longer fight as an effective, organized force.
However, in order to be faster than enemy some preconditions have to be achieved. Firstly,
according to Boyd, only decentralized military with application of mission command can have a fast
OODA loop. Secondly, through decentralization, to operate successfully in 'fog of war' we need to
accept confusion and disorder, and also to generate them. Thirdly, while operating in confusion and
disorder we need to avoid all patterns, recipes and formulas, because if our tactics follow predictable
patterns, the enemy can predict our actions and easily cut inside our OODA Loop. And lastly, we
should never do the same thing twice because even if something works well for us once, by the
second time the enemy will have

Flight Simulators
Synopsis, Ch. 10 Chapter 10 covered the importance of flight training itself and flight simulators.
Both are very important and very helpful to pilots. As a pilot you must be able to practice the
maneuvers and Emergency procedures that could one day save your life. Throughout history flight
simulation has changed dramatically. From the days of pilots sitting in a basket learning the
monoplane to now where you can barely tell you aren't even in a simulator. I have not personally
flown in simulators but from my understanding they are crucial in learning proper scanning
techniques and maneuvers that you may not want to perform in a live aircraft until necessary. I have
heard it said many times that "perfect practice makes perfect". I find this to be very true. In my
training I find that if I often slow down and do the maneuver the correct way than I become a much
better pilot. This I believe is what the chapter is trying to say. (Salas & Maurino, 2010) ... Show
During a flyover maneuver at Habsheim Aerodrome during an airshow, AF296 failed to perform a
go–around and flew into the trees at the end of the runway. The aircraft crashed into the forest,
resulting in three fatalities and several injuries. The low–speed flyover was supposed to take place at
an altitude of 100 feet AGL; instead, the plane performed the flyover at 30 feet do to a mismanaged
approach and the fact that the bystanders were on a different runway than the pilots had

Process Essay: How To Apply Heimlich Maneuver?
How to apply Heimlich Maneuver? Choking takes place when a foreign object gets stuck in the
throat or windpipe, and blocks the flow of air which can lead to death if it's not treated immediately.
Adults often choke on a piece of food. Small objects are usually the reason when young children's
choke because they tend to put objects in their mouth. First Aid should be applied as soon as the
choking signs are being noticed since choking cuts off the oxygen to the brain. The universal sign
for choking is the hands of the person itself tightly grasping the throat. If the person doesn't give the
signal, we should look for these indications: if someone is unable to talk, if he or she is having
difficulty breathing or the breathing is noisy (whistling or high pitched sound), if that person is
unable to cough in a forceful manner, or when the skin, lips, and nails turn blue or dusky (turns blue
because of the lack of oxygen), or if the person is unable to speak or have trouble in speaking, and if
there's a loss of consciousness. There are different steps in performing Heimlich Maneuver on a
baby, and an adult. (Mayo) The Heimlich Maneuver was developed by Henry Judah Heimlich, and
he was a thoracic surgeon born in 1920. In the 1970's, Most people responded to choking
emergencies by slapping the victim on the back. This wasn't helpful since it would force the foreign
object farther down the airway. At the time, choking was the sixth most common cause of death in
the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Because of its simplicity–and the fact that it works when performed correctly–just about anyone can
save a life. Each of us can save the life of a stranger, a neighbor, a spouse, or a child. And it can
happen anywhere–in restaurants, homes, ballparks–you name it. You see, you don't have to be a
doctor to save a life. You just have to have knowledge and the instinct to respond in a crisis." – Dr.
Henry J.

Operant Conditioning Behavior
Standard poodles are considered to be one of the top smartest and trainable breed of dogs.
Therefore, I decided to train my dog to perform the shake maneuver. My pet is currently little over a
year, and has previously been train certain commands that are helpful to his learning experience. For
instance, the commands "No" and "Good boy". This goal will enable me to work experience an
example of operant conditioning using consequences and rewards for a desired response. He
currently is very stubborn and tends to command me to give him the treat when learning new tricks.
My ultimate objective is for him to successfully perform a simple shake when desired. Therefore, I
will be using operant conditioning, which will be composed of using rewards and consequences to
achieve this goal. This is an efficient conditioning operation to train behavior where a set of
operations will yield for the desired results. This operate conditioning will create a routine that the
subject will not initially inhabit but acquire through the process.
I will begin the process by physically grabbing his paw and performing a shaking maneuver, while
saying "shake". My pet will disregard my command and attempting to retrieve the treat from my
hand. In this case, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Type of consequence Example of consequence
Fully disregards the command of "Shake" and attempts to grab treat from my hand. No Positive
Punishment Trained when he is told "no" means incorrect action.
Barks to demand to be handed treat. No Negative Punishment Does not receive treat, and told with
"no". Also, will go in the backyard.
When assisting him with the maneuver he ignores, and attempts to steal No Positive Punishment
Scold him with "what are you doing." Makes him feel guilty.
Initially, Barks and is hesitant to comply with command, but does accomplish or nearly does. Yes
Positive Reinforcement Receives treat if almost performs maneuver correctly, then is told "Good

Marine Air-Ground Task Force
The United States Marine Corps has an illustrious history forged in the trials of combat. Throughout
its history, irregular warfare has and will continue to pose challenges for Marines facing new and
radical enemy forces. The rapid, opportunistic, and flexible capabilities of maneuver warfare enables
Marines to combat ambiguous enemies whose warfighting capability and doctrine is based on
irregular warfare principles. Marine Corps units are organized and equipped to facilitate rapid
deployment and to maximize the potential of each asset available to the Marine Air Ground Task
Force Commanders. As we wage war against our nation's foes, the elements of the Marine Air
Ground Task Force are prepared to provide mutually supporting roles for the ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
During this type of warfare, the enemy may have already infiltrated, destroyed, or damaged a
foreign nation's government, essential services or infrastructure vital to the indigenous populace for
survival and governance. Aviation elements accomplish the transport and swift insertion of
personnel, supplies, and materials to assist our forces and to help maintain or rebuild infrastructure.
These activities achieve the overarching effects of building trust and confidence within the local
populace to foster support for our efforts. Additionally, air assets bring tremendous combat power to
the irregular warfare fight. An assortment of ordnance i.e.; precision guided munitions, rapid
insertion and extraction methods, and troop and equipment transport enable our forces to quickly
strike, maneuver and gain the advantage in an irregular warfare engagement. The Aviation Combat
Element also allows both the Ground and Logistic Combat elements to rapidly deploy anywhere in
the world. More specifically the Marine Expeditionary Unit provides a mobile sea based warfighting
unit capable of deploying on short notice. The Aviation Combat Element has the ability to move
those combat forces from ship to shore with an over horizon capability. The ability to quickly move
forces around the battlespace provides opportunities for United States forces to influence the
population by conducting meetings with local leaders and proving our commitment to the people of
the affected country. This capability not only enhances but solidifies the Marine Corps ability to
utilize maneuver warfare principles while engaging in an irregular

Maneuver Warfare Theory
Theory of Maneuver Warfare
In the early 1980s, a growing school of thought in the Marine Corps argued that the military over–
emphasized Attrition Warfare in order to defend against the Soviet Union. In 1989, General A.M.
Gray provided the Marine Corps with an innovative philosophy on warfare, entitled Fleet Marine
Force Manual–1 (FMFM–1), Warfighting. This capstone doctrine centered on an unfamiliar style
called Maneuver Warfare. This style of warfare is defined as a "philosophy that seeks to shatter the
enemy's cohesion through a series of rapid, violent, and unexpected actions which create a turbulent
and rapidly deteriorating situation with which he cannot cope." Adoption of this style of warfare was
perceived as an antithetical shift ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Maneuver Warfare is the only style of warfare that is "rapid, flexible, and opportunistic" enough to
achieve dominance in both time and space. Again, speed is considered a primary tool used to get
inside the enemy's decision–making cycle. FMFM–1 argues that this will result in "shattering his
moral and physical cohesion" by creating multiple dilemmas that will cause the enemy to panic and
become paralyzed. Although it provides important points regarding the need for a rapid decision–
making process, FMFM–1 fails to integrate historical evidence with how this theory will succeed
against a numerically larger foe, or any foe for that matter. Lastly, it continues to eschew the science
of warfare as something that detracts from a Maneuverist's ability to defeat a numerically superior

Manoeuvrist Approach
Throughout history, military theorists and commanders have attempted to determine and define the
most effective way to defeat an adversary and achieve victory. British military doctrine defines this
method as the Manoeuvrist Approach or indirect approach, which main focus is basically on
attacking enemy's cohesion and will to fight rather than focusing purely on the destruction of his
physical component. The approach itself is based on manoeuvre theory, which relies on speed,
deception, surprise, and the application of firepower and movement or application of own strengths
against opponents weaknesses and vulnerabilities, while protecting the same on our own side.
However, all this is not sufficient without seizing initiative. Having initiative ... Show more content
A key characteristic of the manoeuvrist approach is the attacking enemy's decision–making process
by attempting to get inside his decision making cycle (known as OODA loop cycle). OODA loop
(observe–orient–decide–act) is theory presented by American John Boyd and its essence is to be
faster through OODA loop cycle than the enemy. If we can consistently go through the OODA cycle
faster than the enemy, make faster decisions and act before him, we gain an advantage and enemy
loses his cohesion until he can no longer fight as an effective, organized force. However, in order to
be faster than enemy some preconditions have to be achieved. Firstly, according to Boyd, only
decentralized military with application of mission command can have a fast OODA loop. Secondly,
through decentralization, to operate successfully in 'fog of war' we need to accept confusion and
disorder, and also to generate them. Thirdly, while operating in confusion and disorder we need to
avoid all patterns, recipes and formulas, because if our tactics follow predictable patterns, the enemy
can predict our actions and easily cut inside our OODA Loop. And lastly, we

Observer Fires Essay
FM 3–09.30
Final Draft
CRC
Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Observed Fire and Fire Support at Battalion Task Force and
Below
FINAL DRAFT
31 May 2001
FM 3–09.30 (6–30) Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Observed Fire and Fire Support at
Battalion Task Force and Below
DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
ARMY
HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
Preface
The purpose of this field manual (FM) is to provide a source for the most current essential
information about fire support at the battalion task force and company team levels and discuss the
technical, operational, and organizational aspects of observed fire procedures. The doctrinal
foundations for this ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Distribution is unlimited. ________ *This publication supersedes FM 6–20–20, 27 December 1991
and FM 6–30, 16 July 1991
i
FM 3–09.30 (6–30) FINAL DRAFT
____________________________________________________________
__

Chapter 3
COMPANY TEAM FIRE SUPPORT......................................................................... 3–1 Fire Support
Team .................................................................................................... 3–1 Preparation for
Operations........................................................................................ 3–5 Vehicle Employment
Options.................................................................................... 3–7 Observation
Posts..................................................................................................... 3–8 Company Team Fire
Support Planning Using the Troop Leading Procedures ...... 3–10 Required Products

The United States Army's Shift
The United States Army's shift to counterinsurgency over the last 15 years directed changes in all
aspects of the service. This shift directed the Army's emphasis away from the large conventional
conflicts to counterinsurgency. During this shift counterintelligence spent the last 15 years mastering
its role. Now the Army is adapting again due to the ever changing conflicts in the world. The 39th
US Army Chief of Staff, General Milley, stated that the US Army needs to "re–focus on
conventional training". Since counterintelligence supports the maneuver it is continuing to adapt.
Counterintelligence support to combined arms maneuver throughout unified land operations is not
completely new to counterintelligence. Pre–counterinsurgency doctrine covers specific tasks and
duties for counterintelligence personnel and are applicable today. Discussed below are the aspects of
counterintelligence support to unified land operations in the offense and defense against the
conventional threat of a hybrid force.
To fully identify how counterintelligence supports the maneuver commander an understanding of
the operational framework that the maneuver units operate in must be understood. The Army's
overall conceptual framework has changed over time due to the Army's participation in conflicts. To
appreciate the current mission of maneuver forces a quick glance of recent history must be
accomplished. In 1982 the Army's capstone doctrine focus was AirLand Battle. This primarily

Operation HUSKY
The Anglo–American invasion of Sicily in July 1943 was to date the biggest amphibious operation
conducted in World War II. Operation HUSKY involved the U.S. 7th Army and the British 8th Army
to make up the 15th Army Group. This was Anglo–American forces' second problematic attempt to
implement Eisenhower's unyielding vision that the only way to conquer the Germans, "would be
won by the Americans and Britons fighting together." Although a moderate success, Operation
HUSKY exposed serious issues including imperfections in dealing with mission command and the
integration of Joint Forces at the operational level of war, which severely crippled the overall
effectiveness of Operation HUSKY. This essay will evaluate coalition warfare and the chaos
alliances partake on command–and–control due to cultural dissimilarities, trust issues,
understanding concepts, and doctrinal differences; however, commander's diplomacy and building
alliances ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"In actuality, there was no logic or rationale in attacking Sicily and the planning did not fall within
any context of leading to an overarching strategic objective. The British preferred peripheral attacks
on the soft underbelly of the Axis Forces moreover, were the foundation in establishing limited
objectives for Operation HUSKY. Secure lines of communications, divert German aggression to the
west, and force Italy to drop out of the war. However, the Americans felt the invasion of Sicily, was
a waste of valuable time, assets, and only delayed the cross channel invasion of Germany. The
Americans wanted an immediate cross channel crossing in Northwest France to, "hit the Axis
powers head on." This division among the Allies led to disagreement and tension, which
compromised the concepts of mission command

Kinesis Dance Theatre Review
Bursting with incredible dancing, exciting music, and enhancing light shows, UWL's Kinesis Dance
Theatre is the modern dance theatre that every college student must–see. But be forewarned, Kinesis
dance theatre is full of mystery and unbelievable dance maneuvers that these talented dancers
perform. Kinesis dance theatre is a special event at UWL that allows dancers to perform all types of
modern dance. Modern dance is a free and expressive style of dancing that started in the early 20th
century as a reaction to classical ballet. There are often no limits or expectations regarding how the
dancer is to perform. Because modern dance is free, every dance is unique and the audience never
knows what to expect. Some of the dancers in the Kinesis ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
"Live in Awe" is a modern dance that has a lot of free movement mostly shown by the smooth
spinning and unified arm movements. In the context of the evening, the dance was the grand finale
of the evening, so expectations were high by the audience members. First, the dance steps and
movements were almost always perfectly coordinated between all the dancers on the stage.
Throughout the dance, the many dancers on stage performed the same maneuvers so it is important
that they are counting to ensure that they all make the movements at the same time. In detail, the
dancers did a great job in moving in unison and as one which really enhanced the dance.
Furthermore, I understand that the scene was supposed to be slow and mysterious, but the dancers
still performed many skillful maneuvers such as slow, controlled spinning and jumps which really
added to the impressiveness of this dance piece. However, I think that some of the dancers could
have done a better job at extending their arms and legs from their body which would have helped
dramatize the movements. I think the dresses worn by the dancers were appropriate because they
emphasize the movements without hindering the range of motion. All in all, the dancers in "Live in
Awe" did a great job in using fast jumps, turns, and other skilled movements to create an impressive

Field Weapons Case Study
Field Artillery is about building and sustaining relationships. Relationships will thrive or die based
upon the liaison we provide to our maneuver brethren. Regardless of origin, habitual or ad hoc, we
derive our relationship with maneuver based upon our tactical mission. Under the seven inherit
responsibilities of artillery, a battery acting in direct support will furnish its own observers to each
company–sized element and establish liaison, via a liaison officer, to the supported unit. Under this
definition, it is implied that a battery maintains the ability, organically, to supply maneuver with
sufficient and proficient personnel to control fires at the company and battalion level. For an
artillery battery to be in direct support of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Battery is provided a liaison element, leaving no discretion for the Battery Commander to
choose the personnel controlling fires. This scenario, a forward mentioned, degrades training and
increases confusion. Continuity amongst the fire support personnel and the technical data computers
is vital; the two being thrust together prior to live fire is ill advised and borderline unsafe. By simply
pulling from a pool of fires Marines, I am not confident in the voice coming over the Conduct of
Fire net. The "eye's" are not synched with the "brains", the FDC. Additionally, to the detriment of
providing liaison, FOs now view themselves as a separate agency; only responsible for the first of
the five requirements for accurate predicted fire. This has degraded not only direct support, but all
the tactical missions of reinforcing, general support and general

The Best Maneuver Brigades
Three short years ago, the 4th ABCT was considered among the best maneuver brigades in
FORSCOM. In all areas, the brigade shined. Morale was high and it exerted a pull on the best and
the brightest officers and non–commissioned officers. Leaders lead, Soldiers soldiered, and a family
atmosphere of support emanated within the brigade. The work ethic was strong. Competition
amongst the battalions was positively oriented toward the success of the brigade and there was
frequent coordination among peers to share information, resources, and lessons learned. Now, after a
jaded Afghanistan deployment, it appears that the climate has shifted and the battalions are striving
to make themselves distinct from each other and the brigades rather ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
However, the official record specified that a wide–ranging of findings required attention were
incompatible communications systems, insufficient personnel authorizations to allow sustained
operations, training ramp–up for deployment focused on the wrong mission–essential tasks, the
deputy battalion commander's varied missions and the modular BCT structure created confusion,
training challenges, and the perception of a weak ABCT command staff. Currently, the brigade's
favoritism, lack of leadership, inadequate equipment, sexual harassment allegations, and growing
trend in domestic abuse, DUI, and divorces are of major concern. Along with the excessive
operational battle rhythm that has caused the BCT's most optimistic officers and NCOs frustration
and anger with the inability to make fundamental decisions, discontent with the amount of time
spent with families ', and discouraged at the continued chaotic tempo with no perceptible cohesion
with accomplishment or vision.
As the new leader, my first step is to create a transition plan by accessing the current state of the
organization and by asking critical questions and getting the answers from the best and most
unbiased sources available. Numerous people assuming control of new leadership positions or those
with the background to guide them, do not thoroughly consider the changeover process. They

Soldier Maneuver Sensors: A Case Study
Here at Product Manager Soldier Maneuver Sensors (SMS), we have a different type of
organizational structure than the rest of the Army. My organization is heavily civilian based, but still
maintain a military aspect as far as rule and regulations. The design or make up of my organization
is a flat structure with small elements of departmentalization and decentralization. SMS's flat
structure is possible within the Army's hierarchy structure because we have similar aspects of a
small business. The chain of command is short with just one layer of management (Flat
Organizational Structure, www.learnmanagement2.com). This allows the organizations leadership to
practice more consultative management procedures (Nordmeyer, B., Characteristics of a ... Show
Each program has its own different agenda and is done in different areas. Each program as
employees that perform specialized roles and are responsible for the completion of their task. This
structure is effective because we operate in a stable environment and change happens much slower
but allows the employees the flexibility to shift if need be (Carpenter, M., Bauer, T., & Erdogan, B.,
2009). The flat organization structure calls for the relatively few layers of management which means
the span of control is going to be wide (Flat Organizational Structure). My organization is no
different. We have two managers who both mange five programs, which is spread out to about 20
employees each. The advantage with this structure is team spirit and increased interaction with
employees but the disadvantage is that it hinders growth within the organization (Flat Organizational
Structure). Soldier Maneuver Sensor is a very technical organization which calls for many
specialized employees. However, they still preform a wide range of task and responsibilities. So
within the flat organizational structure, these individuals are allowed to respond more quickly to
change, engaging more frequently with other employees, as well as, development of more trusting
relationships that support higher performance (Nordmeyer, B., Characteristics of a Flat

Rotational Vertigo Case Study
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of peripheral vertigo, it
accounts for around 24% of all cases of peripheral vestibular disorders (Asprelia et al; 2003).Its
main characteristics are rotational vertigo induced by head position changes , attacks of vertigo
when extending or rotating the neck , lying down or getting up or rolling in bed ,the attacks often are
associated with feeling of unsteadiness and loss of confidence during walking (Von M et al.,2004&
Fife et al ;2008).The symptoms of BPPV may also include fear of falling backwards, specific
dizziness, balance problems ,some individuals complain of postural instability , low walking speed
,feeling of floating ( Hilton and Pinder, 2002& Celebisoy et ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
A hybrid approach (GRM) was developed for use with these patients (Roberts et al; 2006). The
GRM incorporate the side–lying maneuver as its first position. This is similar to the SLM and
avoids hyperextension of the neck found with the Epley. The head of the patient is turned 45° away
from the affected ear, and the patient is moved into a side–lying position on the involved side. The
second position is a roll from the involved side to the uninvolved side. A liberatory headshake is
then performed as suggested by Semont et al (1988). Finally, the patient is returned to an upright,
seated position. (Richard et al,

Essay on CYCLE OF THE INFANTRYMAN
CYCLE OF THE INFANTRYMAN by LCPL BACH, GEORGE
The Cycle of the Infantryman applies to fire and maneuver for a combat element. For example
purposes the buddy team will be our combat element and a static enemy position (e.g. bunker) will
be the target. The phases of the cycle are SHOOT, ASSESS, MOVE, AND KILL. The cycle may
loop until there is no longer an enemy threat or until target position is gained. The following is a
break down of each phase. –SHOOT During this phase of the cycle a base of fire is established
along with identifying the enemy capability. During this phase the object is to suppress the enemy
for maneuver. As an example this is when a Marine may use a frag grenade to
eliminate/shock/suppress the enemy position. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Marines will suppress the target, asses their suppression fire effectiveness and move to the
target. When the Marines enter the target position they will clear the structure/bunker/hole,
eliminating the threat. The Marines are able to do so by EXPLOITING the enemies
weaknesses/hesitation/disorientation. There are many ways to be the cause of the "gap" in an enemy
defense. Marines may use a larger weapon emplacement such as a machine gun. Also Marines can
use a grenade or HEDP ammunition to destroy enemy equipment, kill the enemy, or at the minimum
concuss them to cause a large enough lapse in orientation for the Marine to move into the enemy
position. At this point the Marine will use the lapse to take the target, during this process time has
priority as the speed of the Marine and the hesitation of the enemy determines the outcome. The
Marines will repeat the process to push forward or hold the position depending on the mission.
FRAG BATTLE DRILL
By LCPL BACH, GEORGE
In combat a highly effective weapon for suppression and maneuver is a well placed M67 Frag
Grenade. The frag grenade has a kill radius of 5 meters and a casualty radius of 15 meters. A frag
grenade is useful to kill, wound, shock and distort the line of sight of the enemy. When used
properly in combat the frag grenade can be the turning factor in the battle and assist in establishing a
forward or perpendicular base of fire to further eliminate the

Summary: The Martian By Andy Weir
"But if I wasn't willing to take risks to save lives, I'd..." He thought for a moment. "Well, I guess I'd
be you." (pg 125). In the book, The Martian by Andy Weir, Mark Watney gets stranded on Mars.
Now, Nasa has to find a way to get him back to Earth. One original plan is for him to survive until
Ares 4 arrives. Yet, as of Watney's current situation, he doesn't have enough food to last him for that
long. So NASA comes up with Iris, a supply probe designed to bring food to Mark. Making this
probe was not the easiest thing either. "It's Sol 122," Bruce said. "We have until 584 to get a probe to
Mars. That's four hundred and sixty–two sols, which is hour hundred and seventy–five days." (pg
173). That seems okay right? Well..."The positions of Earth ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Meanwhile, astrodynamicist Rich Purnell has devised a "slingshot" trajectory that could get Hermes
and the Ares III crew back to Mars on a long–extended mission to save Watney, using a rocket to
send a simpler resupply probe to Hermes as it passes Earth. Mark would have to travel from the
Ares III site to the Ares IV site, rig up the MAV that NASA sent there, and intercept with Hermes.
Which is a strenuous journey. Sanders, the lead of the program, doesn't support the "Rich Purnell
Maneuver" because it involves too much risk for the other crewmembers. This makes sense because
the Iris 2 risks only one life, "Rich Purnell Maneuver" risks 6 lives. Yet, Mitch Henderson, an
assistant on the program, secretly emails the maneuver to Hermes. All five of Watney's crewmates
agree to the plan, and know that once they begin the maneuver, NASA will be compelled to send
them the supply ship to prevent their starvation. I believe that the Rich Purnell plan would work

What Is The Tone Of The Red Battles Of Slaughter By Thomas...
In the next lines, Whitman makes the assertion that both soldiers vividly know the price of war. He
describes it as "hot contention of opposing fronts", "the long maneuver", and "red battles with their
slaughter". These observations about battle illustrate that both soldiers have seen the difficulty of the
fight and how both sides try to out strategize the other. The red battles of slaughter, illustrate the
death toll that those strategies and contentious battles have created. Then Whitman compares in a
compelling yet gentler tone that the two men are both honorable. Whitman states "the strong, terrific
game/ spell of all brave and manly hearts". These two lines illustrate that Whitman realizes they are
brave men. All men that have fallen

Epley Maneuver Case Study
The primary method of collecting data for determining why the Epley maneuver isn't applied to all
BPPV patients before referral was several medical database internet search sources. PubMed,
Medline, Google Scholar, and The Cochrane Collaboration were used by performing numerous free
text and advanced search criteria to include phrases such as: "BPPV", "Benign paroxysmal
positional vertigo", "Epley maneuver", "primary care" "family practice", "general practice" and
numerous variants of these combinations. The subsequent searches were limited to a ten year
parameter and ended up providing numerous studies, trials, papers and reviews resulting in hundreds
of articles examined. Assistance in obtaining some of the chosen articles was provided by ... Show
Some patients didn't return for the following week's assessments, suggesting complete resolution of
symptom and/or spontaneous resolution. Week two results were after both groups received the
CRM; 61.8% (n=21/34) CRM and 57.1% (n=20/35) in the prior Sham group. By week three 75% of
patients in both groups had improved; 75.0% (n=21/28) CRM group and 66.7% (n=20/30) in the
prior Sham group. Overall the study concluded that the improvement rates of patients after receiving
CRM were similar to improvement rates of CRM when performed by a specialist. The widespread
use of CRM in family practices could be implemented, resulting in a greater patient wellbeing and a
reduced number of

Monetizing Debt: An Evasive Maneuver Essay
"We the People" have begun to lose all personal financial endeavors, and furthermore being
restrained to fiscal policies that are potentially devastating to America's future. Chairman of the
United States Federal Reserve, Ben Bernanke, quoted regarding his bold disapproval of monetizing
debt, "The Federal Reserve will not monetize the debt, either cuts in spending or increases in taxes
will be necessary to stabilize the fiscal situation" (Hill 1). Monetizing debt is defined by the selling
of national debt to primary buyers in the form of a Treasury bill or bond. In laymen's terms, primary
buyers, both foreign and domestic, are purchasing bonds from our government to liquidate our
national deficit. In a new age of federal policies, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The process of debt monetization works as such, primary buyers purchased Treasury bonds from the
Federal Government. These bonds are considered long–term bonds, which will reach maximum
maturity in seven years. Ideologically speaking, the abundance of money acquired up front is
initially supposed to ward off the problematic national credit crisis. The problem with government
issued bonds is the need for the government to pay the money back in which was borrowed, similar
to a loan from a bank. As well, the government is fiscally obligated to pay the buyer back at a higher
fee in which the bonds were purchased. Where is this money going to come from seven years down
the road, tax payers? There lay a necessity when Congress deciphers what needs to be put on credit
and letting free market take over. The ugly truth is Americans have become too accustomed to
mindlessly spending on credit. Likewise, the Federal Reserve, with the ability to print money, really
doesn't have a credit limit, which seems slightly looming to many analysts. For the sake of the
nation's economic comfort, individuals must begin to realize that bonds are not sufficient in
repairing our faltering economy. Dr. Chris Martenson, a research scientist states, "This [monetized
debt] is not a sign of strength and reveals a pattern of trading temporary relief for future difficulties"
(Martenson 10). Ultimately, bonds are a transient remedy to the nation's present day economic
downward

Operation Level Of War: Maneuver Warfare
Maneuver warfare is comprised of concepts that create a foundation for tactical war–fighting
strategies used by Commanders and subordinates that can be adaptable to any mission, which makes
it an effective approach to address modern conflict and irregular warfare.
In "Maneuver Warfare Theory and The Operation Level of War: Misguiding the Marine Corps?",
Major G.S. Lauer describes the theory of maneuver warfare as "Victory in war is achieved through
the psychological dislocation caused by maneuver within an enemy's decision cycle." Maneuver
warfare in the Marine Corps Doctrinal Publication 1 Warfighting (MCDP 1) is defined as a series of
rapid, flexible and opportunistic actions taken to generate and exploit an advantage over the enemy.
This advantage can be psychological, technology or temporal in nature. It is an attempt to attack the
enemy's system but not physically destroy all of the enemy's capabilities and equipment. Maneuver
warfare is an attempt to deconstruct enough of the enemy's components that the remaining
components of their system are no longer relevant, leaving the enemy unable to fight effectively.
Maneuver warfare is characterized by three overarching ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This force has priority over all others in order to unify an effort toward a common goal. The concept
is usually aimed at which ever force has the mission that will have the most significant effect against
the enemy. The success of the main effort is crucial to exploit the enemy. When talking about main
effort in irregular warfare it does not have to be a tangible objective but a value or idea. The main
effort is used in irregular warfare when a commander determines that a stability operation is more
important at the time than seeking out the enemy. It is used when a commander wants to train local
forces to conduct their own security and uses an all Marine unit to support

Should Horseback Riding Be Considered A Sport?
Horseback riding should be considered a sport because it takes a lot of physical and mental strength.
Horseback riding is one of the only sports that does not discriminate between gender. Both genders
are equal throughout competition even at the Olympic level. There are multiple different disciplines
within the sport. These include but not limited to; barrel racing, jumping and reining. " It is also the
only sport which involves two athletes: horse and rider. The relationship and mutual respect built up
between the two is key to a successful partnership." (International Equestrian Federation).
Horseback riding is yourself along with a thousand pound animal underneath you. You and your
horse have to constantly communicate with each other at all times but it's not the communication
you would think. You need to communicate ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"It is a wonderful way to develop coordination, balance, strength and creativity while working in
harmony with the horse." (AVA) Vaulting is not like trick riding, the horses are much more calmer.
Some 4–H clubs have certain things to involve vaulting. There are so many different things you can
do with horses, one of my absolute favorites is drill team. Drill team is a team that consists of ten or
more riders. The riders carry flags and do intense maneuvers to music. When the whistle is blown
there needs to be an immediate reaction. Spacing between horses is also one of the biggest thing to
keep throughout the practice and performances. Drill team also performs in parades. In most parades
there will be two horses that are pairs. When you are a pair you have to be horn to horn (apart of the
saddle towards the horses neck). It's very important to be very close to your partner and even
because it looks professional. When you hold your flag you have to have your elbow at a 90°

Maneuver Warfare Examples
The concept of maneuver warfare has very little to do with where the fight happens or how forces
arrive to that fight, but how we attack the enemy system and establish a tempo that drives the enemy
into a "deteriorating situation with which the enemy cannot cope" (MCDP 1, page 73). The key to
creating the conditions for that deteriorating situation is to orient on the enemy understanding the
enemy's strength, weakness, and disposition by orienting ourselves to the enemy and "turning the
map around" to exploit that established enemy system. Whether the enemy is on a fortified high
ground or is a littoral nation, our goal is the same take the enemy system and destroy it. MCDP 1
gives several examples of what orienting on the enemy means to the various warfighters; a pilot
examining the integrated air defenses that must be penetrated or the rifle ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Having an AF that likely has freedom of maneuver outside of an enemy threat ranges with an
amphibious OTH capability, combined with air assets capable of delivering assault forces from
multiple avenues of approach. The AF commander has the ability to achieve another important tenet
of maneuver warfare: Surprise. Having orienting to the enemy and identifying those centers of
gravity and critical vulnerabilities that AF can now maneuver itself to best employ its highly
maneuverable assets to best address the enemies system and destroy it. In some cases, the threat of
having a highly maneuverable AF postured with the ability to conduct a landing is enough to fix
enemy assets and allow attack from conventional land forces such as the amphibious demonstration
(feint). Operation DESERT STORM is a great example of using an AF to drive the enemy into
decisions that ultimately served our needs and not their

Celestial Mechanics
Celestial Mechanics
Orbital Maneuvers
Earth, Moon, Mars, and Beyond
Rodolfo G. Ngilangil Jr. MBA, BSAE
Impulsive Maneuvers
Impulsive maneuvers are those in which brief firings of onboard rocket motors change the
magnitude and direction of the velocity vector instantaneously. The position of the spacecraft is
considered to be fixed during the maneuvers. This is true for high–thrust rockets with burn times
short compared with the coasting of the spacecraft.
Orbital Maneuvers – 2
Hohmann Transfer – Definition
The Hohmann transfer is an elliptical orbit tangent to both circles at its apse line. The periapse and
apoapse of the transfer ellipse are the radii of the inner and outer circles.
The Hohmann transfer is the most ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Determine the most efficient transfer from orbit 1 to a circular orbit of altitude 16 000 km (orbit 3),
and the required delta–v.
Phasing Maneuvers
A phasing maneuver is a two–impulse Hohmann transfer from and back to the same orbit. Phasing
maneuvers are used to change the position of a S/C in its orbit.
Phasing Maneuvers – Assignment 2 :
S/C at A and B are in the same orbit 1. At the instant shown, the chaser vehicle at A executes a
phasing maneuver so as to catch the target S/C back at A after just one revolution of the chaser's
phasing orbit 2. What is the required total delta–v.

Phasing Maneuvers – ssignment 3 A
It is desired to shift the longitude of a GEO satellite from 99.1°W to 111.1 °W in three revolutions of
its phasing orbit. Calculate the delta–v requirement.
Non–Hohmann Transfers with A Common Apse Line – 1
Transfer between two coaxial elliptical orbits in which the transfer trajectory shar es the apse line
but is not necessarily tangent to either the initial or target orbit. The problem is to determi ne if there
exists such a trajectory joining points A and B.
Non–Hohmann Transfers with A Common Apse Line – 2
rA = rB = e3 =
2 h3
1 µ 1 + e3 cos θ A 1 µ 1 + e3 cos θ B
2 h3
rB − rA rA cos θ A − rB cos θ B cos θ A −

The Napoleonic Era Has Remain Fundamentally Relevant Today
Napoleonic era provided operational practices that remain fundamentally relevant today. The
Napoleonic Era is an example of Revolution of Military Affairs (RMA) and is fundamentally
relevant today. During the Napoleonic Era many scholars studied the techniques used during his
nearly twenty years of military success two of the more famous scholars is Clausewitz and Jomini.
Both scholars were on Napoleons staff and learned a lot from failure as well as success. During my
paper I will discuss three main points that represent a few of Napoleons contributes to the current
military. The first point will be the change from dynastic armies to ideological nationalism. This
change was valuable because the army called for volunteers and most of the population supported
the revolution.2 The second point will be Napoleons ability to master maneuver wafare. Clausewitz
and Jomini were two military scholars that studied Napoleon's techniques used during his nearly
twenty years of military success. They both took differenc
In order for Napoleon to Major Point A: Mastered maneuver warfare understanding the value of
combined arms operations. The ability to use Infantry and Artillery together was essential.
The concept of the division and corps was already established before Napoleon took command.
What he was able to do was maneuver them to perfection. During his early years he mastered the art
of invasions by using two main strategies. He would use Strategy of central position

Research Paper On Wakeboarding
From Skurfing to Wakeboarding Skurfing didn't undergo a name change until nearly a decade later,
when a Canadian enthusiast named Paul Fraser coined the phrase €wakeboarding€ while promoting
his own custom board, the €Hyperlite.€ The Hyperlite is now recognized as the sport's first board
produced by compression molding. Wakeboarding Techniques Like surfing and water skiing,
wakeboarding is a sport that requires considerable balancing skills. Over the decades, wakeboarders
have developed certain basic tricks and exercises to help them develop balance while strengthening
their muscles for more difficult tricks and jumps. Typically, beginning wakeboarders first learn to
maneuver the wake by digging in with their heels; this position comes more ... Show more content
This move can result in a huge, showy spray of water. Backside Spin In a backside spin, the rider
rotates back–first toward the boat. Best Wakeboards Whether you're an experienced wakeboarder or
a newbie at the sport, there are a number of features that you should look for when shopping for a
quality wakeboard. Here are some of the things you should consider before making your purchase:
Length The length of a wakeboard is extremely important because it needs to correspond
appropriately to your height, your riding stance and your weight. If a wakeboard isn't long enough
for your body, you may not be able to float it properly. Likewise, different wakeboard lengths
conform better to different riding styles. Shorter wakeboards are usually easier to spin and maneuver
in the air during jumps. On the flip side, landings may be more difficult because of the shorter
surface area. A longer wakeboard is good for beginners because it's easier to ride, but the heavier
weight makes it more difficult to maneuver when you're learning tricks and jumps. On the flip side,
the increased surface area helps greatly in

Mission Command (Husky)
The Anglo–American invasion of Sicily, code–named HUSKY, marked the Allies' first direct assault
on Europe and second attempt at coalition operations. The Allies' inexperience in coalition
operations is evident through inadequacies in command and control (C2) and integration of fires and
maneuver at the operational level. When evaluated against the attributes of mission command:
commander's intent, mutual trust, and understanding, the planning and execution of HUSKY reveal
significant shortfalls. First, Eisenhower and Alexander fail to provide clear guidance and intent to
their subordinate commanders. Second, a dearth of shared planning, training, and combat experience
limits opportunities for Allied commanders to build mutual trust. Third, ... Show more content on
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JP 3–09 points out that a critical component of integrating joint fires into an operation is the
development of a fire support plan. This plan describes the operational environment and identifies
priorities and objectives regarding the use of joint fires capabilities. Specifically, air planners refuse
to cooperate with ground and naval force planners to synchronize fires capabilities to achieve
desired objectives. Throughout the planning and execution of HUSKY, Allied air forces
independently establish priorities and objectives. Air forces planners prioritize the neutralization of
Axis air forces at the expense of support functions such as the protection of naval assets or close air
support of ground forces. Even after achieving air superiority, Allied air forces fail to deny airspace
over the operational area to Axis air

Gaskin Maneuver Research Paper
pelvic wall. The Gaskin Maneuver states that when this occurs the mother should move to being in
an all fours position with her back arched, this helps widen her pelvic area which helps deliver the
child. This maneuver is not only used at the Farm Birthing Center, but it is a technique used all over
in order to help with the delivery of a baby with shoulder dystocia.
The contributions by Ina May Gaskin have, without a doubt, changed the mother/baby field of
medicine. Many pregnant mothers still travel to the Farm to get prenatal care and to have their
babies delivered there. There are currently six practicing midwives at the Farm and they are all on–
call for their patients 365 days a year. The midwives use all–natural techniques and believe ... Show
Josephine English was a pioneer for African–American women in the medical field, especially the
OB/GYN specialty. By graduating from medical school during a time when few women, and even
fewer African–American women, were becoming physicians, Dr. English paved the way for others
wishing to follow her career path. She dedicated her life to helping expectant mothers and babies,
even giving up a lot of her own money and fighting foreclosure in order to keep the clinics up and
running. She was determined to help others and make a difference in their lives. Dr. English passed
away on December 18, 2011 at the age of 91. Up until her passing she was still teaching others
about the importance of prenatal care and staying active any way she could. Dr. English will always
be remembered for her caring heart and her willingness to help

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