1. Monastic Supremacy in the Philippines by Marcelo H. Del Pilar

2. MARCELO H. DEL PILAR Educated Man with an Instinct of Justice Man with Many Artistic Talents

3. Marcelo Del Pilar in the Political and Social Arena Spokesman of the masses Diariong Tagalog 1887-1888: Busy years for Del Pilar Filibuster and enemy of the government M.H. Del Pilar

4. Marcelo Del Pilar in Spain Editor of La Solidaridad Member of the Spanish-Filipino Association Inspirer of the Masonic Lodge in the Philippines M.H. Del Pilar

5. The Friars in the Philippines M.H. Del Pilar Spain has surrendered their sovereignty to the monastic orders. Powerful interference of monastic interests which impedes every fraternal current between Spain and the Philippines making it difficult for the fusion of ideals for both countries. Filipino people share the glories and misfortunes of Spain in her colonial venture yet friars impose on the government their dominance.

6. Monasticism is cosmopolitan ; it has no country.

7. Political Aspect

15. economic aspect

17. immense profit from stolen land taxes for religious festivals church tax holy paraphernalia church stipend from government tax

18. i. immense profit from stolen land church ignores claims of blood relations convents have the best lands and estates overly expensive land leases monastic properties: land tithes of ten percent income in Calamba, Laguna 1887: annual income of five thousand pesos had SEXTUPLED (6x) ECONOMIC

19. ii. taxes for religious festivals filipinos pay countless taxes Papal decree 2 May 1867: reduce number of feast days large sums are collected from filipinos every celebration of a feast day 50 families : 1chapel Article 94 of Ordinance of Good Government 1786: chapels… unnecessary… burdensome to build and repair… ECONOMIC

20. iii. church tax subjective church tariff rates per parish all parishes collect more than the prescribed tariff law student had his baby baptised in a different district paid four reales instead of two reales law student insulted the priest law student was sent to jail law student was saved by his neighbor, Brigadier Navarro he had done nothing but express his opinion privately reverend fathers can name those who must be deported ECONOMIC

21. “ The reverend fathers are empowered to name the persons who ought to be deported; and the government solemnly declares that the parish curate’s opinion suffices so that the deportation may not be arbitrary. For this reason, fear of this penalty , like fear of the Holy Inquisition in former times, makes monasticism so respectable, so influential, so irresistible.”

22. iv. holy paraphernalia friars sell belts, rosaries, scapulars, cords for 1000% the cost of production tiny leather strip, 1cm wide and 1m long = 5 reales used woolen pantaloon converted to 100 scapulars = 2.5 reales each scapular to shield one from bullets, virgin’s belt to conceal one’s infidelity rosaries are required in schools for scholastic merits ECONOMIC

23. v. church stipend from government tax P180 per 1000 cedulas from 1 st to 9 th class, payable quarterly 27 Feb 1883: 12.5% of TOTAL VALUE of cedulas according to census of respective locality tax collectors get remuneration from taxes parish clergy collects stipend independent of operations death of tax-payers, absence, lack of timeliness of payments ECONOMIC

24. vi. parish abuse of their power in the tax system original basis of tax collection = fair approximated real barangay population perverse incentive the parish gets a fixed percentage of the tributes regardless of amount. ECONOMIC

29. ASPECT RELIGIOUS

39. Thank you! Catbagan. Rono. Santos. Sugui. Sy