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22nd Surfactant in Solution International Symposium - University of Oklahoma - June 3-8, 2018
Representative
point of SOW
system
composition
SOW Ternary Diagram
S
W O
% W
% S
% O
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22nd Surfactant in Solution International Symposium - University of Oklahoma - June 3-8, 2018
Produces changes in the interactions
in R and in the phase behavior
Salinity (type and conc.)
ACN and oil structure
Surfactant (Hidro group)
Surfactant (Lipo group)
Temperature
Alcohol (type and conc.) ...
oil
(O)
water
(W)
Aco
Acw
surfactant
(C) R =
Aco
Acw
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22nd Surfactant in Solution International Symposium - University of Oklahoma - June 3-8, 2018
What is Solubilization?
it is the ability of a surfactant to produce a
monophasic system containing both oil and water
surfactant
(+ alcohol)
water oil
polyphasic
zone
monophasic
zone
“height” of
polyphasic zone
generally at center
S+A
Macro-, mini-,
nano-emulsions
zone
Micro-emulsion
region
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22nd Surfactant in Solution International Symposium - University of Oklahoma - June 3-8, 2018
This is evidently a new phenomenon that
cannot be interpreted from Winsor’s
solubilization concept :
This was called the
LIPOPHILIC LINKER
effect
CONCLUSION: An (oil soluble) long chain
alcohol increases solubilization !!!
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22nd Surfactant in Solution International Symposium - University of Oklahoma - June 3-8, 2018
The Lipophilic Linker is ...
... a very lipophilic amphiphile
or a slightly polar oil ...
... which acts at very low concentration
because it locates itself ...
... near interface
It is not a case of adsorption ...
... but of segregation
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22nd Surfactant in Solution International Symposium - University of Oklahoma - June 3-8, 2018
Extended Surfactant Structure
Solubilization Performance
Current Trends
How to avoid it ?
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22nd Surfactant in Solution International Symposium - University of Oklahoma - June 3-8, 2018
Extended Surfactant Properties
CMC decreases
Cloud Point is lowered
Optimum Salinity (3) decreases
depend on Propylene Oxide Number (PON)
When PON increases
Conclusion:
When PON increases ...
... surfactant becomes more lipophilic
PPO chain is part of the "tail"
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22nd Surfactant in Solution International Symposium - University of Oklahoma - June 3-8, 2018
Extended Surfactant Properties
ES with PPO less hydrophilic as Temp increases
Other POs are not !
First 2-3 PO groups
are wet by water !
Twisting = disorder
that eliminates LC
Water affinity reduces precipitation in spite of long tail
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22nd Surfactant in Solution International Symposium - University of Oklahoma - June 3-8, 2018
Many Potential Applications
Current industrial attractiveness
– Enhanced Oil Recovery (asphaltenes = polar oils)
– Crude oil Dehydration/desalting
– Completion fluids in petroleum recovery
Single phase water-oil mixtures
– bladder stone dissolution
– vegetable oil extraction
– environmental remediation
– cleaner combustion
Microemulsions for injections
— most pharmaceutical products are oil soluble
Soak-only Detergent Formulation
— when no stirring is required
